M:Long term memory

Question 1

according to tuvling what are the 2 different types of memory?

Answer 1

1- explicit/declarative- easy to put into words
2- implicit/non-declarative- not easy to put into words

Question 2

semantic key details

Answer 2

• explicit (requires effort to recall)
• knowledge
• not timed stamped
• not personal
• facts

Question 3

research for semantic

Answer 3

VICARI ET AL 2007
reported case study 8 yr girl brain damage from tumor removed, couldnt create/recall episodic but create semantic

Question 4

episodic key details

Answer 4

• explicit (requires effort to recall)
• complex
  -time stamped
  -events
• influenced by emotions
• like autobiography

Question 5

research for episodic

Answer 5

HERLITZ ET AL 1997
assessed LTM abilities w swedish p’s
females performed better than males

Question 6

procedural key details

Answer 6

• implicit
• dont require conscious thought
• skills + action
• through repetition + practice

Question 7

research for procedural

Answer 7

FINKE ET AL 2012
reported case study of PM 68yr cellist brain areas damaged leading to amnesia episodic + sematic very affected but play music unaffected

Question 8

PEEL strengths (2)

Answer 8

P- CASE STUDY
E-CW
E-procedural memory
L- improves valdity
C-unique + longitudinal-ungen
P- PRACTICAL APPLICATION
E- research into ageing with episodic mem led to treatments to improve epsiodic
E- p’s trained performed better on test of episodic mem than control g
L- improves society

Question 9

PEEL weakness

Answer 9

P- CONFLICTING RESEARCH
E- Neuroimaging evidendence suggests location of semantic + episodic inconclusive
E- LTM should be seperated into declarative + non-declarative with no diff between e + s
L- questions validity

Question 10

What is the capacity of long-term memory (LTM)?

Answer 10

Unlimited capacity

LTM is distinct from short-term memory (STM)

Question 11

How long can information last in long-term memory?

Answer 11

Up to a lifetime

Question 12

Who was one of the first cognitive psychologists to critique the MSM’s view of LTM?

Answer 12

Tulving (1985)

Question 13

What are the two main types of long-term memory according to Tulving?

Answer 13

Explicit and implicit memories

Question 14

What is explicit memory also known as?

Answer 14

Declarative memory

Question 15

What is implicit memory also known as?

Answer 15

Non-declarative memory

Question 16

What are the 2 types of explicit long-term memory?

Answer 16

• Semantic
• Episodic

Question 17

What characterizes semantic memory?

Answer 17

All knowledge an individual learned, linked to episodic, includes facts and concepts

Question 18

What type of memory did the case study by Vican et al (2007) focus on?

Answer 18

Semantic memory

Question 19

What was the outcome of the case study involving the 8-year-old girl with brain damage?

Answer 19

She could create semantic memories but not recall episodic memories

Question 20

What are the key features of episodic memory?

Answer 20

• Time-stamped
• Personal
• Complex events

Question 21

What is required for recalling episodic memories?

Answer 21

Effort

Question 22

What study assessed gender differences in episodic memory?

Answer 22

Herlitz et al (1997)

Question 23

Fill in the blank: Explicit memory is ____ to put into words

Answer 23

Easy

Question 24

Fill in the blank: Implicit memory is _____ to put into words

Answer 24

Not easy