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Oncology > Lymphoma > Flashcards

Lymphoma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common hematopoietic malignancy in cats and dogs?

A

Lymphoma

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2
Q

What are risk factors for lymphoma in cats?

A

FeLV, immune suppression (FIV), chronic inflammation

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3
Q

What cat breeds are somewhat predisposed to lymphoma?

A

Siamese and oriental breeds

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4
Q

How does FeLV predispose to lymphoma?

A

Direct role in DNA mutation causing lymphoma

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5
Q

How is lymphoma usually classified in cats?

A

By its anatomic location

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6
Q

What is the most common site for lymphoma in cats?

A

GI

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7
Q

Lymphoma presenting similar to IBD is usually what grade?

A

Low grade, small cell, lymphocytic

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8
Q

What are clinical signs of low grade lymphoma in cats?

A

Chronic wt loss, low appetite, V+/D+

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9
Q

How will intestines of a low grade lymphoma cat appear on ultrasound?

A

Diffuse thickening

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10
Q

What is the prognosis for a low grade GI lymphoma in cats?

A

Guarded to good (survival time can be several years in some cases)

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11
Q

How do you treat a low grade GI lymphoma in cats?

A

Prednisolone and chlorambucil

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12
Q

What is high grade GI lymphoma?

A

Large cell, lymphoblastic

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13
Q

How will intestines of a high grade lymphoma cat appear on ultrasound?

A

Discrete masses or severe thickening

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14
Q

How do you treat high grade GI lymphoma in cats?

A

CHOP/COP chemotherapy

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15
Q

What is the MST for high grade GI lymphoma in cats if treated with chemotherapy?

A

6-8mo

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16
Q

Is mediastinal lymphoma in cats usually high or low grade?

A

High grade

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17
Q

What structures does mediastinal lymphoma affect in cats?

A

Thymus and sternal LNs

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18
Q

What are clinical signs of mediastinal lymphoma in cats?

A

Resp distress, pleural effusion

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19
Q

How common is nodal/multicentric lymphoma in cats?

A

Less common than in dogs

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20
Q

How common is nodal/multicentric lymphoma in dogs?

A

Most common form in dogs

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21
Q

What is Hodgkin’s-like lymphoma in cats?

A

Single or regional LNs involved @ head and neck

22
Q

Where does renal lymphoma metastasize to in cats?

A

CNS

23
Q

Is renal lymphoma in cats more often uni- or bilateral?

A

Bilateral

24
Q

How does a nasal lymphoma present in cats?

A

Sneezing, epistasis, nasal discharge, and facial deformity

25
Q

How do you treat a nasal lymphoma in a cat?

A

Radiation therapy

26
Q

How do you diagnose lymphoma?

A

FNA, biopsy

27
Q

What chemotherapy protocol is thought to be most effective for treating high grade lymphoma in cats and dogs?

A

CHOP, L-CHOP, COP

28
Q

What chemotherapy agents are involved in CHOP protocols?

A 
L = L-asparaginase
C = Cyclophosphamide 
H = Doxorubicin
O = Vincristine
P = Pred
29
Q

What is the best way to determine prognosis of a lymphoma in cats?

A

Response to therapy

30
Q

Is lymphoma phenotype prognostic in cats?

A

No

31
Q

What is the most common type of canine lymphoma?

A

Lymphoblastic high grade

32
Q

What is the most common distribution of canine lymphoma?

A

Nodal/multicentric

33
Q

What are presenting complaints that bring dogs to the clinic?

A

“Bumps”, lethargy

34
Q

Other than LNs, what other organs are commonly enlarged with lymphoma?

A

Liver and spleen

35
Q

How big is a lymphoblast?

A

2-3x size of RBC

36
Q

Which canine lymphoma phenotype carries a better prognosis?

A

B-cell

37
Q

What % of multicentric canine lymphomas are B-cell?

A

80%

38
Q

Lymphomas that cause hypercalcemia are which phenotype?

A

T-cell

39
Q

What mediates hypercalcemia caused by T-cell lymphomas in dogs?

A

Production of PTH related peptide

40
Q

How is GFR affected by hypercalcemia related to T-cell lymphomas?

A

Isosthenuria

41
Q

How many stages of canine lymphoma are there?

A

5

42
Q

Single LN involved

A

Stage 1

43
Q

Multiple LNs involved on same side of diaphragm

A

Stage 2

44
Q

Multiple LNs involved on both sides of the diaphragm

A

Stage 3

45
Q

Liver and/or spleen involvement

A

Stage 4

46
Q

Blood, BM, other organ involvement

A

Stage 5

47
Q

What are canine lymphoma substages?

A

A (clinically well) and B (clinically ill)

48
Q

What is the MST for lymphoma dogs treated with CHOP chemo?

A

1y

49
Q

What is the MST for lymphoma dogs treated with prednisone alone?

A

A few months

50
Q

What is the MST for dogs with lymphoma that do no undergo any treatment?

A

2-4wk

Oncology (15 decks)

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