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Oncology > Chemotherapeutic Drugs > Flashcards

Chemotherapeutic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Which chemo drug is adriamycin?

A

Doxorubicin

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2
Q

What are adverse effects of doxorubicin in cats?

A

Renal toxicity

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3
Q

What are adverse effects of doxorubicin in dogs?

A

Cardiotoxic

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4
Q

Which breeds need to be prescreened for DCM prior to administration of doxorubicin?

A

Boxers and Dobermans

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5
Q

How do you treat doxorubicin extravasation?

A

Localize and neutralize (cold compress + 10x dexrazoxane)

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6
Q

Which chemo is used in metronomics?

A

Cyclophosphamide

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7
Q

What is a side effect of cyclophosphamide?

A

Sterile hemorrhagic cystitis

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8
Q

How can you prolong onset/prevent sterile hemorrhagic cystitis during cyclophosphamide treatment?

A

Concurrent furosemide

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9
Q

What is a side effect of vincristine?

A

Paralytic ileus

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10
Q

How do you treat vincristine extravasation?

A

Dilute and disperse (warm compress + hyaluronidase)

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11
Q

Why can L-asparaginase cause anaphylaxis?

A

Protein enzyme elicits immune response

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12
Q

Which chemo drug is used most for lymphosarcoma relapse?

A

L-asparaginase

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13
Q

Which chemo drug should NOT be given IV?

A

L-asparaginase

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14
Q

Which chemo drug is used for osteosarcoma in dogs?

A

Cisplatin/carboplatin

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15
Q

What does cisplatin cause in cats?

A

Fatal pulmonary edema

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16
Q

How can you decrease toxicity of cisplatin in dogs?

A

Diuresis

17
Q

Which rarely used chemo drug is neurotoxic to cats?

A

5-flurouracil

18
Q

How do we dose chemotherapy?

A

mg/m2 (except in small dogs)

19
Q

Which gene mutation of Collies/Aus shepherds alters drug metabolism and therefore necessitates a lower chemo dose?

A

MDR-1/ABCB-1

20
Q

Which chemo drugs most heavily affect MDR-1/ABCB-1 mutated dogs (and should be avoided if possible)?

A

Doxorubicin, antimitotics

21
Q

How much should the chemo dose be reduced for an MDR-1/ABCB-1 mutated dog?

A

30-40%

22
Q

Why should the chemo dose for a MDR-1/ABCB-1 mutation be reduced?

A

Mutation = less drug removal = incr. risk in these dogs

23
Q

When is adjuvant chemo given?

A

After surgery

24
Q

When is neoadjuvant chemo given?

A

Prior to surgery in attempts to shrink the tumor

25
Q

When is induction/maintenance chemo given?

A

If chemo is only treatment being used

26
Q

What is palliative chemo?

A

Improving QoL by treating clinical signs

27
Q

What % of chemo patients have no/minimal side effects?

A

80-85%

28
Q

What are antimitotic chemo drugs?

A

Vincristine and vinblastine

29
Q

What is the MoA of antimitotic chemo drugs?

A

Disrupts mitosis

30
Q

What are antimitotic chemo drugs derived from?

A

Vinca alkaloids (Periwinkle)

31
Q

Which chemo drug is neuropathic after 4-5 cumulative doses?

A

Vincristine

32
Q

What chemo drug is mostly used for CNS tumors?

A

Cytosine

33
Q

What are antimetabolite chemo drugs?

A

Cytosine and 5-fluorouracil

34
Q

Which chemo drugs are very rarely used?

A

Antimetabolites

35
Q

What is the MoA of alkylating chemo agents?

A

Bind DNA strands to change their structure

36
Q

Which chemo drug is used specifically for mulitple myeloma?

A

Melphalan

37
Q

What causes cyclophosphamide-assoc. sterile hemorrhagic cystitis?

A

Acrolin metabolites in bladder

38
Q

What can you give concurrently with CCNU to prevent liver toxicity?

A

Denamarin

39
Q

What are antibiotic chemo drugs?

A

Doxorubicin and mitoxantrone

Oncology (15 decks)

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