Lymphoma

Question 1

A neoplastic proliferation of lymphoid cells that forms a mass…

Answer 1

Lymphoma

Question 2

What are the 2 types of lymphoma?

Answer 2

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (60%)

Hodgkin Lymphoma (40%)

Question 3

What characteristics are used to classify difference types of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Answer 3

Cell type (B or T)
Cell size
Pattern of cell growth
Expression of surface markers
Cytogenetic translocations

Question 4

What are the non-Hodgkin lymphomas composed of small B cells?

Answer 4

Follicular lymphoma
Mantle cells lymphoma
Marginal zone lymphoma
Small lymphocytic lymphoma

Question 5

Name the non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of intermediate-sized B-cells…

Answer 5

Burkitt lymphoma

Question 6

Name the non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of large B cells…

Answer 6

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Question 7

What are the malignant cells seen in non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Answer 7

Lymphoid cells

Question 8

What are the malignant cells seen in Hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 8

Reed-Sternberg cells

Question 9

What cells make op the mass seen with non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Answer 9

Lymphoid cells

Question 10

What cells make up the mass seen with Hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 10

Reactive cells—inflammatory cells and fibrosis

Question 11

Does Non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma present as a painless lymphadenopathy in late adulthood?

Answer 11

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 12

Does Non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma present as a painless lymphadenopathy in young adulthood?

Answer 12

Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 13

A neoplastic proliferation of small B cells that form follicle-like nodules?

Answer 13

Follicular lymphoma

Question 14

What mutation drives follicular lymphoma?

Answer 14

14;18 translocation

Question 15

What genes are translocated causing follicular lymphoma?

Answer 15

BCL2 on chromosome 18

Ig heavy chain locus on 14

Question 16

What is the result of the 14;18 translocation seen in follicular lymphoma?

Answer 16

Overexpression of BCL2—inhibiting apoptosis, especially within the follicular region

Question 17

What is used for the treatment of follicular lymphoma?

Answer 17

Treatment begins when patients have symptoms with low-dose chemotherapy or rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody

Question 18

What can follicular lymphoma progress into, presenting as an enlarging lymph node?

Answer 18

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Question 19

What are the 4 distinct characteristics of follicular lymphoma differentiated it from reactive follicular hyperplasia?

Answer 19

Disruption of normal lymph node architecture
Lack of tangible body macrophages in germinal centers
BCL2 expression in follicles
Monoclonality

Question 20

A neoplastic expansion of the region immediately adjacent to the follicular region of a lymph node?

Answer 20

Mantle cell lymphoma

Question 21

What is the driver mutation seen with mantle cell lymphoma?

Answer 21

11;14 translocation

Question 22

What genes are translocated with the t(11;14) translocation seen with mantle cell lymphoma?

Answer 22

Cyclin D1 gene from chromosome 11 translocates to Ig heavy chain locus on chromosome 14

Question 23

What does the overexpression of Cyclin D1 promote, which causes mantle cell lymphoma?

Answer 23

G1→S transition within the cell cycle, causing neoplastic proliferation

Question 24

What is marginal zone lymphoma?

Answer 24

Neoplastic proliferation of small B-cells expanding the marginal zone within a lymph node

Question 25

Hashimoto thyroiditis, Sjogren syndrome and H pylori gastritis are all seen in association with marginal zone lymphoma. What do these diseases have in common that causes the marginal zone lymphoma?

Answer 25

Chronic inflammatory state

Question 26

What forms the marginal zone of a lymph node?

Answer 26

Post-germinal center B cells

Question 27

What is MALToma?

Answer 27

Marginal zone lymphoma that is within mucosal sites

Question 28

A neoplastic proliferation of intermediate-sized B cells?

Answer 28

Burkitt Lymphoma

Question 29

What virus is associated with Burkitt lymphoma?

Answer 29

EBV

Question 30

What lymphoma classically presents as an extranodal mass in a child or young adult?

Answer 30

Burkitt lymphoma

Question 31

What are the two forms of Burkitt lymphoma?

Answer 31

African form | Sporadic form

Question 32

The African form of Burkitt lymphoma typically involves the ______.

Answer 32

Jaw

Question 33

The sporadic form of Burkitt lymphoma typically involves the ______.

Answer 33

Abdomen

Question 34

What translocation drives the development of Burkitt lymphoma?

Answer 34

T(8:14)

Question 35

What genes translocate with Burkitt lymphoma?

Answer 35

c-myc on chromosome 8 translocates with Ig heavy chain locus on chromosome 14

Question 36

What does the overexpression of c-myc promote, which causes the development of Burkitt lymphoma?

Answer 36

Cell growth—c-myc is an oncogene

Question 37

What are the characteristic findings seen on microscopy with Burkitt lymphoma?

Answer 37

High mitotic index | Starry-sky appearance

Question 38

What is the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that involves the neoplastic proliferation of large B cells that grow in sheets?

Answer 38

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Question 39

What are the two causes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?

Answer 39

Sporadic | Transformation of a low-grade lymphoma, such a follicular lymphoma