Inflammatory Dermatoses Flashcards
A pruritic, erythematous, oozing rash with vesicles and edema that commonly involves the face and flexor surfaces…
Atopic Dermatitis
What type of reaction causes atopic dermatitis?
Type I hypersensitivity reaction
What 2 disorders are associated with atopic dermatitis?
Asthma
Allergic rhinitis
A pruritic, erythematous, oozing rash with vesicles and edema that occurs upon exposure to an allergen…
Contact dermatitis
What are 3 broad categories of allergens that can cause contact dermatitis?
Poison ivy and nickel jewelry—type IV hypersensitivity
Irritant chemicals—detergents
Drugs—penicillin
What is the treatment for contact dermatitis?
Removal of offending agent and topical glucocorticoids
What are the three skin abnormalities found with acne vulgaris?
Comedones (whiteheads and blackheads)
Pustules (pimples)
Nodules
What is the cause of acne vulgaris?
Chronic inflammation of hair follicles and the associated sebaceous glands
What is the mechanism for the formation of comedones seen with acne vulgaris?
Hormone-associated increase in sebum production and excess keratin production causing blocking of the follicles and cause the formation of comedones
What is the mechanism for the formation of pustule and nodule formation seen with acne vulgaris?
Propionibacterium acnes infection→ produces lipases causing breakdown of sebum→ release of proinflammatory fatty acids causing pustule and nodule formation
What are the treatment options for acne vulgaris?
Benzoyl peroxide—antimicrobial
Vitamin A derivatives—reduction of keratin production
A patient presents with well-circumscribed lesions on the extensor surfaces of his arms and legs and on his scalp. Ther is an association with HLA-C and the patient reports that the lesions become worse with localized trauma. The lesions are salmon-colored plaques with a silvery scale. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is caused by excess proliferation of _______.
Keratinocytes
What are the 4 major aspects of psoriasis seen on histology?
Acanthosis
Parakeratosis
Collections of neutrophils in the stratum corneum
Thinning of the epidermis above elongated dermal papillae
What is acanthosis seen with psoriasis?
Epidermal hyperplasia
What is parakeratosis seen with psoriasis?
Hyperkeratosis with retention of keratinocyte nuclei in the stratum corneum
With respect to psoriasis, where do neutrophils collect within the epidermis?
Stratum corneum
What is Auspitz sign seen with psoriasis?
Thinning of the epidermis above elongated dermal papillae→bleeding when scale is picked off
What are the treatment options for psoriasis?
Corticosteroids
UV light with psoralen
Immune-modulating therapy
A patient presents with pruritic, planar, polygonal, purple papule lesions on her wrists, elbows, and oral mucosa. The lesions are characterized by reticular white lines on the surface (Wickham striae). Upon microscopy inflammation of the dermal-epidermal junction is visualized with a saw-tooth appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?
Lichen Planus
What infection is associated with Lichen Planus?
Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
