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Histology > Lymphoid System I and II > Flashcards

Lymphoid System I and II Flashcards

1
Q

Pattern Recognition Receptors

A

host that mediates the microbes and other antigens

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2
Q

What are the pathogen associated molecular patterns on microbes ?

A
  • lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
  • Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)
  • Mannans from Yeast
  • ds RNA from viruses
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3
Q

What makes adaptive immunity differ from innate ?

A
  • requires lymphocytes
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4
Q

Humoral Immunity

A
  • involves B-cells and antibodies and other serum mediators such
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5
Q

Cellular Immunity

A
  • utilizes killer T- lymphocytes (CD8+) and phagocytes
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6
Q

Both humoral and cellular require what ?

A
  • T helper cells (CD4+) and APC
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7
Q

What types of lymphocytes ?

A
  • B cell
  • TH cell : TH1, TH2, TH17
  • TC cell
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8
Q

Gut-associated lymphatic tissue (GALT)

A
  • important in primary and secondary
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9
Q

What are the types of lymphoid (lymphatic) nodules ?

A
  • primary lymphoid nodule (follicle)

- Secondary lymphoid nodule (follicle)

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10
Q

Primary Lymphoid Nodule (follicle): small size

A
  • consists of small lymphocytes, with no germinal center
  • everything is dark
  • No specific action
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11
Q

Secondary Lymphoid Nodule (follicle) : large size

A
  • consist of small lymphocytes in the peripheral zone and large lymphocytes located in the germinal center
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12
Q

Germinal Center

A
  • contains large lymphocytes

- light bc euchromatin, active DNA

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13
Q

What is the happening in the germinal center ?

A
  • B cells into antibody producing plasma cells
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14
Q

How does the germinal center develop ?

A
  • when a lymphocyte that recognized an antigen returns to a primary nodule and undergoes proliferation
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15
Q

Lymphadenitis

A

swelling of nodes

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16
Q

Why do the lymph nodes enlarge ?

A
  • edema and hyperplasia of lymphatic nodules and their cellular components
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17
Q

What are some common symptoms of acute lymphadenitis ?

A
  • swollen, palpable and tender lymph nodes, fever, chills, general weakness
18
Q

What are the most common causes of lymphadenitis in the neck region?

A
  • Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis
19
Q

Peyer’s Patch in the ileum

A
  • single nodule or aggregates
20
Q

Tonsils

A
  • nodules and partial capsule
21
Q

lymph node and spleen

A
  • nodules and well developed capsule
22
Q

What is important about the appendix ?

A
  • is a site for B-cells differentiation into immunocompetent cells
23
Q

Waldeyer’s Ring

A

comprises the nasopharyngeal tonsil or adenoid, the paired tubal tonsils

24
Q

Palatine Tonsil

A
  • many nodules, germinal center
  • stratified squamous
  • large SA, allows things to get stuck
25
Q

What are the role of lymph nodes ?

A
  • filters and entraps antigen from lymph and supports the immune response
26
Q

The Lymph enters via

A

the afferent lymphatic vessels

27
Q

The lymph exists via

A

efferent lymphatic vessels

28
Q

The outer cortex of the lymph node contains

A

lymphoid nodules, B-cell zones

29
Q

The inner cortex

A
  • deep cortex, paracortex

- T cell zones

30
Q

High Endothelial Venule

A
  • cuboidal epithelium

- receptors for APC + lymphocytes

31
Q

Where are high endothelial venules found ?

A
  • lymph nodes, tonsils and aggregated or solitary lymph nodules
32
Q

Where are high endothelial venules not found ?

A
  • NOT in spleen
33
Q

Reticular Fibers produced by

A

fibroblasts, type III

34
Q

What do the reticular fibers support ?

A

provide supporting framework for various tissues and organs

35
Q

How are the reticular fibers arranged ?

A

in mesh like network

36
Q

Lymphatic Capillaries

A
  • endothelium
  • incomplete basal lamina
  • anchoring filaments to CT
37
Q

Where do the lymphocytes enter ?

A
  • right side: right lymphatic trunk

- left side: Thoracic Duct

38
Q

Functions of Spleen

A
  1. filtration of blood
  2. removal of aged or damaged RBCs, old platelets, and blood-born foreign matter
  3. Site of immune response ( secondary lymph organ)
  4. Platelet Storage
39
Q

Red Pulp

A
  • consists of splenic cords and splenic sinuses
40
Q

White pulp

A
  • periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) (around central artery) : mainly T-cells
  • lymphoid nodules: B-cells
41
Q

Lymphatic Vessels

A
  • efferent only
  • present in white pulp
  • trabeculae
  • capsule
42
Q

Is red pulp an open system or closed ?

A
  • open system

Histology (7 decks)

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