Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > L7 Hematopoiesis and Bone Marrow > Flashcards

L7 Hematopoiesis and Bone Marrow Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary lymphoid organs ?

A
  • Thymus
  • Bone Marrow
  • Gut-associated lymphatic tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do the lymphocytes travel ?

A

via blood vessels and lymphatics vessels to secondary lymphoid organs and tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid organs and tissues?

A
  • Diffuse Lymphatics Tissue
  • Lymphatic Nodules and Tonsils
  • Lymph Nodes
  • Spleen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where are developing blood cells ?

A
  • bone marrow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are the mature blood cells ?

A
  • blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hemopoiesis

A

formation of blood cells and platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

During fetal life blood cells, how often is the hematopoiesis happening ?

A
  • formed in several organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How often does the hemopoiesis after birth ?

A
  • occurs only in the red bone marrow and lymphatic tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the 1st Phase, Embryonic Yolk Sac ?

A

Formation of blood islands ( red blood cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the 2nd Phase, Hepatic ?

A

Red and some white blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the 3rd Phase, Bone Marrow ?

A

Red and white blood cells, also spleen, lymphatic organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two types of marrow ?

A
  • red and yellow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Red Marrow consists of

A
  • stroma ( reticular cells) that produce fibers
  • blood-forming cords
  • endothelial-lined sinusoids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What color are all marrow in newborns?

A
  • red
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is the inactive marrow ?

A

in the long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is the active marrow ?

A

in the spongy parts of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In adults what is formed in the bone marrow ?

A

erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where are lymphocytes formed ?

A

both red bone marrow and in the lymphatic tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Yellow marrow

A

inactive bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sinusoid Capillary

A

mature cells enter here to leave, shows bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fenestrated sinusoids endothelial lining with ?

A
  • discontinuous base membrane and incomplete cover by reticular (adventitial cells)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Marrow stromal compartment contains

A
  • fibroblasts and macrophages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cytokines Production is done by ?

A
  • meshwork of reticular fibers and reticular cells (adventitial cells)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hemopoietic “Cords”

A

pockets of developing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What happens in the bone marrow aspiration ?

A
  • a needle is inserted through the skin until it penetrates bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where the preferred anatomical site of the bone marrow aspiration ?

A

Hip Bone

27
Q

How is a small amount of bone marrow obtained by bone marrow aspiration ?

A

applying negative pressure with a syringe attached to the needle

28
Q

Intact bone marrow is obtained how ?

A
  • by a small incision in the skin to allow the biopsy needle to pass into the bone
29
Q

What is the bone marrow core biopsy used for ?

A
  • diagnose and stage different types of cancer or monitor the results of chemotherapy
30
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

forming cell

31
Q

Megakaryoblast

A

last cell capable of mitosis (endomitosis)

32
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

platelets, with a multilobulated nucleus

33
Q

In the megakaryocyte what is the difference in chromosomes and cytoplasms

A
  • the chromosomes divide

- cytoplasm does not divide

34
Q

Thrombopoietin

A
  • causes hormonal stimulation

- platelet-producing

35
Q

What is the erythrocytes movement to sinusoid capillary ?

A
  • use pressure gradient
36
Q

What is the leukocytes cell movement to sinusoid capillary ?

A

have motility

37
Q

What happens to the pressed abluminal plasma and the luminal membrane ?

A

gets fused

38
Q

What does the transitory opening allow ?

A
  • passage of cells or processes
39
Q

What happens to the aperture ?

A

repaired

40
Q

In adults where do platelets originate in ?

A

red bone marrow by fragmentation of the cytoplasm of mature megakaryocytes

41
Q

Where does the RBC’s develop from?

A

multipotential myeloid stem cells in bone

42
Q

What is the development of the RBC’s influenced by ?

A

Erythropoietin and some cytokines

43
Q

What is the basic process of RBC maturation ?

A
  • synthesis of hemoglobin

- formation of an enucleated, biconcave small corpuscle

44
Q

What are the major changes during the process of maturation?

A
  • cell volume decreases
  • Nucleoli diminish in size
  • nuclear diameter decreases
  • Chromatin becomes increasingly dense
  • Thickened and reduced in size
45
Q

What happens when there is maturation of erythrocytes ?

A

the cytoplasmic basophilia (ribosomes) decreases, while acidophilia (hemoglobin) simultaneously increases

46
Q

What happens to the cytoplasm when going from proerythroblast to erythrocytes ?

A
  • continuous increase in cytoplasmic hemoglobin concentration
47
Q

What happens to the nuclear volume when going from proerythroblast to erythrocytes ?

A
  • gradual decrease in nuclear volume
48
Q

What happens to the chromatin condensation when going from proerythroblast to erythrocytes ?

A

increase

49
Q

Reticulocyte

A

still an immature erythrocyte

- that will loose its mitochondria and ribosomes

50
Q

What happens when the nucleated RBC are seen on adult’s peripheral blood smear ?

A

suggests that there is a very high demand for the bone marrow to produce RBCs

51
Q

What could be the pathologic causes if there is an increase amount of reticulocytes and less erythrocytes ?

A
  • Anemia, Thalassemia, Miliary, Tuberculosis, cancers and chronic hypoxemia
52
Q

Myeloblast

A

large cell, euchromatic nucleus; large nuclear-to-cytoplasm volume

53
Q

Promyelocyte

A

large cell, large nucleus; cytoplasm: large blue/black azurophilic granules produced only in this stage

54
Q

Myelocyte

A

development of a specific cytoplasmic granules, nucleus flatted on one side

55
Q

Metamyelocyte

A

smaller cell, more heterochromatin

- more specific neutrophilic granules

56
Q

When is the band form seen?

A

in the neutrophilic series

57
Q

Neutrophilic Myelocyte

A
  • accumulation of specific granules occurs

- first site of development of a specific type of Granulocyte series ( neutrophilic, eosinophils, or basophilic)

58
Q

Where monocytes produced ?

A

bone marrow from a bipotential stem cell

59
Q

What does the monocytes differentiate into ?

A

macrophages

60
Q

What are lymphocytes derived from ?

A
  • multipotential lymphoid stem cells
61
Q

Lymphocyte maturation

A
  • nuclear chromatin becomes more compact

- cells decrease in size

62
Q

Anaplastic Anemia

A

pancytopenia, reduction in the number of erythrocytes, all white blood cells, and platelets in blood circulation

63
Q

Hypocellular Bone Marrow

A

consists largely of adipose tissue

64
Q

What is the treatment for anaplastic anemia ?

A
  • bone marrow transplantation

Histology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions