Lymphatic System Flashcards
The 3 functions of the Lymphatic system
- Fluid Balance
- Protection
- Fat Absorption
Describe fluid balance
Always slightly excess fluid and protien left behind in interstitial tissues… Accumulation would occur if not for drainage via lymphatic vessels
What are the white blood cells in the lymphatic system called?
lymphocytes
Reason for digested fat being handled by the lymphatic system
Fat molecules are too large for blood capillaries
Name of specialized lymphatic capillaries for fat absorption
Lacteals
Difference between blood vessel circulation and lymphatic circulation
lymphatic circulation is one way
Where does lymphatic circulation begin and end?
interstitial tissue and ends when lymph join blood
Permiablity of lymphatic capillaries comapared to blood capillaries
Lymphatic capillaries are more permeable
Define arise-blindly with lymphatic capillaries
They are close at one end, do not form bridge between two larger vessels
Describe apperence of lymphatic vessels
thin walled, beaded. Beads act as one way valves
What are lymph nodes
Small masses of lymphatic tissue that filter lymph.
What are the two terminal vessels and function
Right lymphatic duct, Thoracic duct and they empty lymph into the blood stream
How is lymph propelled through the body
via skelatal muslcular contraction (eg. diaphragm ec.)
List main lymphnode sites
Cervical nodes Axillary Tracheobronchial Mesenteric Inguinal
The right lymphatic duct receives lymph from which body quadrant
Right superior quadrant
The right lymphatic duct empties into which vein
right subclavian
Thoracic duct location
posterior of abdominal cavity, inferior of diaphragm
First section of thoracic duct is called
Cisterna chyli
What is chyle
milky substance composed of fat and lymph
Route of chyle
passes through intestinal lymphatic vessels and nodes , into cisterna chyli and then into thoracic duct and then into blood stream
Two divisions of lymphnodes
outer cortex, inner medulla
3 functions of spleen
- Destroying old red blood cells
- Producing red blood cells before birth3
- Serves as blood reservoir in case of hemorrhage
Where does the iron and by products of hemoglobin travel after the spleen?
To the liver via hepatic portal system
What might a doctor prescribe after a splenectomy?
Prophylactic antibiotics
The 3 tonsils
- Palatine
- Pharyngeal
- Lingual
What is MALT and GALT
Mucosal Associated lymphoid tissue
Gut Associated lymphoid tissue
3 sites of MALT
Respiratory, digestive and urogenital tracts
2 leukocytes that engage in phagocytosis
- Neutrophils
2. Macrophages
Natural Killer Cells are apart of which line of deffense
Second line (Non specific immunity)
Where are NK cells found?
Lymphnodes
NKC special function
Ability to recognize other body cells as threats (tumors, infected cells)
How do NKC destory pathogens
Excrete enzymes that break down plasma membrane
List the 6 Second line of defense (non specific responses)
- Phagocytosis
- Natural killer cells
- Inflammation
- Interferon
- Fever
- Complement
What are the 4 symptoms of Inflammation
- Soreness
- Redness
- Swelling
- Pain
What is associated with GALT
Peyer Patches
What does tissue do when damaged?
Releases histamine and leukocyte attractive substances
What does histamine cause
vasodilation
