Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

The 3 functions of the Lymphatic system

A
  1. Fluid Balance
  2. Protection
  3. Fat Absorption
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2
Q

Describe fluid balance

A

Always slightly excess fluid and protien left behind in interstitial tissues… Accumulation would occur if not for drainage via lymphatic vessels

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3
Q

What are the white blood cells in the lymphatic system called?

A

lymphocytes

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4
Q

Reason for digested fat being handled by the lymphatic system

A

Fat molecules are too large for blood capillaries

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5
Q

Name of specialized lymphatic capillaries for fat absorption

A

Lacteals

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6
Q

Difference between blood vessel circulation and lymphatic circulation

A

lymphatic circulation is one way

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7
Q

Where does lymphatic circulation begin and end?

A

interstitial tissue and ends when lymph join blood

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8
Q

Permiablity of lymphatic capillaries comapared to blood capillaries

A

Lymphatic capillaries are more permeable

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9
Q

Define arise-blindly with lymphatic capillaries

A

They are close at one end, do not form bridge between two larger vessels

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10
Q

Describe apperence of lymphatic vessels

A

thin walled, beaded. Beads act as one way valves

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11
Q

What are lymph nodes

A

Small masses of lymphatic tissue that filter lymph.

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12
Q

What are the two terminal vessels and function

A

Right lymphatic duct, Thoracic duct and they empty lymph into the blood stream

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13
Q

How is lymph propelled through the body

A

via skelatal muslcular contraction (eg. diaphragm ec.)

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14
Q

List main lymphnode sites

A
Cervical nodes
Axillary
Tracheobronchial
Mesenteric 
Inguinal
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15
Q

The right lymphatic duct receives lymph from which body quadrant

A

Right superior quadrant

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16
Q

The right lymphatic duct empties into which vein

A

right subclavian

17
Q

Thoracic duct location

A

posterior of abdominal cavity, inferior of diaphragm

18
Q

First section of thoracic duct is called

A

Cisterna chyli

19
Q

What is chyle

A

milky substance composed of fat and lymph

20
Q

Route of chyle

A

passes through intestinal lymphatic vessels and nodes , into cisterna chyli and then into thoracic duct and then into blood stream

21
Q

Two divisions of lymphnodes

A

outer cortex, inner medulla

22
Q

3 functions of spleen

A
  1. Destroying old red blood cells
  2. Producing red blood cells before birth3
  3. Serves as blood reservoir in case of hemorrhage
23
Q

Where does the iron and by products of hemoglobin travel after the spleen?

A

To the liver via hepatic portal system

24
Q

What might a doctor prescribe after a splenectomy?

A

Prophylactic antibiotics

25
Q

The 3 tonsils

A
  1. Palatine
  2. Pharyngeal
  3. Lingual
26
Q

What is MALT and GALT

A

Mucosal Associated lymphoid tissue

Gut Associated lymphoid tissue

27
Q

3 sites of MALT

A

Respiratory, digestive and urogenital tracts

28
Q

2 leukocytes that engage in phagocytosis

A
  1. Neutrophils

2. Macrophages

29
Q

Natural Killer Cells are apart of which line of deffense

A

Second line (Non specific immunity)

30
Q

Where are NK cells found?

A

Lymphnodes

31
Q

NKC special function

A

Ability to recognize other body cells as threats (tumors, infected cells)

32
Q

How do NKC destory pathogens

A

Excrete enzymes that break down plasma membrane

33
Q

List the 6 Second line of defense (non specific responses)

A
  1. Phagocytosis
  2. Natural killer cells
  3. Inflammation
  4. Interferon
  5. Fever
  6. Complement
34
Q

What are the 4 symptoms of Inflammation

A
  1. Soreness
  2. Redness
  3. Swelling
  4. Pain
35
Q

What is associated with GALT

A

Peyer Patches

36
Q

What does tissue do when damaged?

A

Releases histamine and leukocyte attractive substances

37
Q

What does histamine cause

A

vasodilation