Lymphatic and Immune Systems Flashcards
1
Q
lymph/o
A
lymph
fluid that removes cellular waste products, pathogens, dead blood cells from tissues
2
Q
lymphangi/o
A
lymphatic vessels and ducts
capillaries, vessels, ducts that return lymph from the tissues to the venous bloodstream
3
Q
lymphaden/o
A
lymph nodes
bean-shaped structures of the lymphatic system where pathogens and other harmful substances are filtered from the lymph by specialized cells of the immune system
4
Q
tonsill/o
adenoid/o
A
tonsils and adenoids
lymphoid structures of the lymphatic system that protect the entry to the respiratory system
5
Q
splen/o
A
spleen
a sac like mass of lymphoid tissue with protective roles in both the immune and lymphatic systems
6
Q
myel/o
A
bone marrow
produces lymphocytes, which are specialized leukocytes 9white blood cells) Myel/o also means spinal cord.
7
Q
lymphocyt/o
A
lymphocytes
specialized leukocytes that play important roles in immune reactions
8
Q
thym/o
A
thymus
a gland located in the upper chest with specialized roles in both the lymphatic and immune systems
9
Q
anti-
A
against
10
Q
carcin/o
A
cancerous
11
Q
immun/o
A
immune, protection, safe
12
Q
lymph/o
A
lymph, lymphatic tissue
13
Q
lymphaden/o
A
lymph node or gland
14
Q
lymphangi/o
A
lymph vessel
15
Q
neo-
ne/o
A
new, strange
16
Q
-oma
A
tumor, neoplasm
17
Q
onc/o
A
tumor
18
Q
phag/o
A
eat, swallow
19
Q
-plasm
A
formative material of cells
20
Q
sarc/o
A
flesh, connective tissue
21
Q
splen/o
A
spleen
22
Q
-tic
A
pertaining to
23
Q
tox/o
A
poison, poisonous
24
Q
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
A
most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection
25
allergen
substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual
26
anaphylaxis
severe response to an allergen in which the symptoms develop quickly and without help patient can die within a few minutes
27
antibiotics
a medication that is capable of inhibiting the growth of or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms
28
antibody
disease fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen
29
antifungal
an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi
30
antigen
any substance that the body regards as foreign
31
antigen-antibody reaction
the binding of antigens to antibodies
32
autoimmune disorder
any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies to work against its own tissues, mistaking healthy cells, tissues or organs for antigens
33
bacilli
rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria
34
bacteria
group of one-celled microscopic organisms some of which are pathogenic
35
benign
not life-threatening
36
candidiasis
infection caused by yeast a type of fungus
37
carcinoma
a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
38
carcinoma in situ
malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues
39
complement system
group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form. When needed, these cells complement the ability of antibodies to ward off pathogens by combining with them to dissolve and remove pathogenic bacteria and other foreign cells
40
cytokines
a group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins released primarily by the T cells that act as intracellular signals to begin the immune response
41
cytomegalovirus
group of large herpes-type viruses found in most body fluids and most often causing an infection without signs or symptoms. Can cause a serious illness when the individual has a weakened immune system or when passed from mother to unborn child
42
cytotoxic drung
medication that kills or damages cells
43
ductal carcinoma in situ
breast cancer at its earlies stage, before cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct.
44
hemolytic
the function of destroying worn-out erythrocytes (red blood cells) and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse
45
herpes zoster
acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of the inflamed nerve
46
Hodgkin's lymphoma
malignancy of the lymphatic system that is distinguished from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by the presence of large, cancerous lymphocytes
47
human immunodeficiency virus
bloodborne infection in which the virus damages or kills the T cells of the immune system
48
immunoglobulins
bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response
49
immunosuppressant
substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response
50
immunotherapy
a treatment of disease by either stimulating or repressing the immune response
51
infectious mononucleosis
infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that is characterized by fever, sore throat and enlarged lymph nodes
52
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that duct and invades the surrounding fatty breast tissue; also known as invasive ductal carcinoma
53
interferons
produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses or tumor cells. They activate the immune system, fight viruses and signal other cells to increase their defenses.
54
lymphadenopathy
any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes
55
lymphangioma
a benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system
56
lymphedema
swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues
57
lymphocytes
one of three types of cells that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells that act as specialized antibodies
58
lymphoma
a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues
59
lymphoscintigraphy
a diagnostic test to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels
60
macrophage
a type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells
61
malaria
disease caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito
62
malignant
becoming progressively worse and life-threatening
63
mammography
radiographic examination of the breasts to detect the presence of tumors or precancerous cells
64
metastasis
the process by which cancer is spread to a new site; may refer to the tumor itself
65
metastasize
to spread from one place to another
66
myoma
a benign tumor made up of muscle tissue
67
myosarcoma
malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue
68
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
the term used to describe
all lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma
69
opportunistic infection
caused by a pathogen that normally does not cause illness in healthy humans, but is able to cause an infection in a weakened host
70
osteosarcoma
a hard-tissue sarcoma usually involving the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or the knees
71
parasite
plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism
72
rabies
an acute viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite or saliva of an infected animal
73
rickettsia
small bacteria that live in lice, fleas, ticks and mites that transmit infection to humans
74
rubella
viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes and a fine, pink rash; also known as German measles or 3-day measles
75
sarcoma
malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue, plural, sarcomas or sarcomata
76
spirochetes
long, slender spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement
77
splenomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the spleen
78
staphylococci
group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes
79
streptococci
bacteria that form a chain
80
systemic reaction
a severe reaction to an allergen; also described as anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock
81
teletherapy
radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is precisely targeted with the use of three-dimensional computer imaging
82
toxoplasmosis
a parasite that is most commonly transmitted from pets to humans by contact with contaminated animal feces
83
varicella
a highly contagious disease caused by a herpes virus characterized by a fever and rash; also known as chickenpox
84
3 main functions of
the Lymphatic System
absorb fats
remove waste cooperate with immune system in destroying invading pathogens
return filtered lymph to the veins
85
antibody
A, Ab
86
antigen
AG, Ag
87
Cancer
CA, Ca
88
carcinoma in situ
CIS
89
ductal carcinoma in situ
DCIS
90
herpes zoster
HZ
91
hodgkin's lymphoma
HL
92
immunoglobulin
IG
93
lymphedema
LE
94
measles, mumps and rubella vaccination
MMR
95
metastasis
MET
96
metastasize
met
97
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
NHL
98
varicella
VSZ
