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Med Term > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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2
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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3
Q

anter/o

A

before, front

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4
Q

caud/o

A

lower part of body, tail

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5
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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6
Q

cyt/o, -cyte

A

cell

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7
Q

end-, endo-

A

in, within, inside

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8
Q

exo-

A

out of, outside, away from

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9
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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10
Q

-ologist

A

specialist

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11
Q

-ology

A

the science or study of

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12
Q

path/o, -pathy

A

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

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13
Q

poster/o

A

behind, toward the back

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14
Q

-stasis, -static

A

control, maintenance of a constant level

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15
Q

abdominal cavity

A

the body cavity that contains the major organs of digetstion

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16
Q

adenectomy

A

the surgical removal of a gland

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17
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue.

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18
Q

adenoma

A

a benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue

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19
Q

adenomalacia

A

abnormal softening of a gland

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20
Q

adenosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of a gland

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21
Q

anaplasia

A

a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

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22
Q

anatomy

A

the study of the structures of the body

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23
Q

anomaly

A

a deviation from what is regarded as normal

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24
Q

anterior

A

situated in front

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25
Q

aplasia

A

the defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue

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26
Q

bloodborne transmission

A

The spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids contaminated with blood.

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27
Q

caudal

A

Toward the lower part of the body

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28
Q

cephalic

A

Toward the head

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29
Q

Chromosome

A

a genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell

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30
Q

communicable disease

A

any disease transmitted from one person to another either directly or by indirect contact with contaminated objects

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31
Q

congenital disorder

A

an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth

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32
Q

cytoplasm

A

the material located within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus

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33
Q

distal

A

situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure

34
Q

dorsal

A

Back of the body or organ

35
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs

36
Q

endemic

A

referring to the ongoing presence of a disease, such as the common cold,
within a population, group , or area

37
Q

endocrine glands

A

glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

38
Q

epidemic

A

a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area

39
Q

epigastric region

A

the region located above the stomach

40
Q

etiology

A

the study of the causes of diseases

41
Q

exocrine glands

A

glands that secrete chemical substances into ducts leading either to other organs or out of the body

42
Q

functional disorder

A

Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified

43
Q

genetic disorder

A

a pathological codition caused by an absent or defective gene

44
Q

geriatrician

A

a physician who specializes in the care of older people

45
Q

hemophilia

A

a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing

46
Q

histology

A

the microscopic study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues

47
Q

homeostasis

A

The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

48
Q

hyperplasia

A

the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues.

49
Q

hypertrophy

A

a general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of the cells in the tissues.

50
Q

hypograstric region

A

the region of the abdomen that is located below the stomach

51
Q

hypoplasia

A

the incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells

52
Q

iatrogenic illness

A

unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment

53
Q

idiopathic disorder

A

an illness without known cause

54
Q

infectious disease

A

illness caused by a living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria and viruses

55
Q

inguinal

A

relating to the groin; refers to the entire lower portion of the abdomen including the groin

56
Q

medial

A

the direction toward or nearer the midline

57
Q

mesentery

A

the fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

58
Q

midsagittal plane

A

The vertical plane that divides the body, from top to bottom, into equal left and right halves.

59
Q

nosocomial infection

A

a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

60
Q

Pandemic

A

a disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide

61
Q

pelvic cavity

A

the space formed by the hip bones
that contains the organs of the
reproductive and excretory systems

62
Q

peritoneum

A

the multilayered membrane
that protects and hold the organs in place
within the afbominal cavity

63
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the perioneum

64
Q

phenylketonuria

A

a genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme
phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing

65
Q

physiology

A

the study of the functions of the body structures

66
Q

posterior

A

situated in back or on the back part of an ogan

67
Q

Proximal

A

situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

68
Q

proximal

A

situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

69
Q

retroperitoneal

A

located behind the peritoneum

70
Q

stem cells

A

unspecialized cells that renew themselves
for long periods of time through cell division

71
Q

thoracic cavity

A

the cavity that surrounds and protects
the heart and the lungs,
also known as the chest cavity

72
Q

transverse plane

A

the horizontal plane that divides the body
into upper and lower portions

73
Q

umbilicus

A

the pit in the center of the abdominal wall
that marks where the umbilical cord was attached before birth

74
Q

vector-borne transmission

A

the spread of a disease due to the bite of a
vector capable of transmitting that disease

75
Q

ventral

A

refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ

76
Q

sagittal plane

A

vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions

77
Q

midsagittal plane

A

also known as the midline, is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves

78
Q

frontal plane

A

vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
Also known as the coronal plane, it is located at right angles to the sagittal plane

79
Q

vertical plane

A

an up-and-down plane that is at a right angle to the horizon

80
Q

horzontal plane

A

is a flat, crosswise plane, such as the horizon

81
Q

transverse plane

A

is a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions. A transverse plane can be at the waist or at any other level across the body

82
Q

pandemic

A

a disease outbreak

Med Term (22 decks)

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