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human bio > lymph capillary, cardiorespiratory system > Flashcards

lymph capillary, cardiorespiratory system Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what happens when the heart is under pressure

A

plasma is pumped into the blood capillary

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2
Q

what happens once 100% of the plasma leaves the capillary and becomes tissue fluid

A

80% of the tissue fluid returns to the capillary but the excess 20% is absorbed by the lymph capillary and becomes lymph

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3
Q

describe the process of gaseous exchange

A
  1. air flows in and out of the alveoli as we breathe
  2. the artery brings deoxygenated blood into the capillaries
  3. carbon dioxide diffuses from the higher concentration in the blood to the lower concentration in the air in the alveolus
  4. oxygen diffuses from the higher concentration in the alveolus to the lower concentration in the blood
  5. oxygenated blood leaves the capillaries of the alveoli and is taken to the heart in the veins from the lungs
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4
Q

why are alveoli only one cell thick

A

to allow for gases to diffuse into the body quickly

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5
Q

does oxygen enter into the alveolus from the blood

A

yes

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6
Q

does carbon dioxide enter the alveolus from the blood capillary

A

yes

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7
Q

what happens to the structure of the lung cavity when you exhale

A

diaphragm relaxes
the intercostals relax
rib cage moves down and in

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8
Q

what happens to the structure of the lung cavity when you inhale

A

diaphragm contracts and flattens
intercostal muscles contract
ribcage moves up and out
lungs increase in volume

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9
Q

where does the superior vena cava bring blood from

A

the upper part of the body and the head

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10
Q

where does the inferior vena cava bring blood from

A

the lower half of the body

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11
Q

why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle

A

because it has to pump blood to the whole body. the right ventricle only has to pump blood to the lungs

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12
Q

describe circulation of blood to through the body

A

as oxygenated blood flows through the capillaries of the body, oxygen and nutrients diffuse from the blood into the body cells, and carbon dioxide and other wastes diffuse from cells into the blood as it becomes deoxygenated

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13
Q

what do the valves prevent

A

back flow of blood

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14
Q

what is the pulmonary veins role

A

bring oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs

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15
Q

what is the pulmonary trunk’s function

A

divide the two pulmonary arteries that carry deoxygenated blood to each lung

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16
Q

what is the blood vessels main role

A

carry blood to the cells of the body or lungs and then back to the heart again

17
Q

what is the arteries function

A

carry blood away from the heart

18
Q

what is the structure of the arteries

A

smooth muscle and elastic fibre

19
Q

what is the differences between the arteries and veins

A

the arteries carry blood away from the heart while the veins carry blood toward the heart
arteries have elastic fires to allow the arteries to stretch to accomodate extra blood and contract and push blood into the arteries
veins do not have muscular, elastic walls meaning they are unable to contract

20
Q

what is the function of capillaries

A

form a network to carry blood to nearly every cell in the body

21
Q

what is the structure of capillaries

A

one cell thick wall allowing substances to pass easily between blood and surrounding cells

22
Q

why can you only transfuse a person their own blood type

A

because they have antibodies to other blood types and if infused with these antibodies they will clot together

23
Q

does a person with a negative blood type have a rhesus antigen

A

no

24
Q

does group AB produce any antibodies

A

no

25
Q

does group O produce any antigens

A

no

26
Q

what are the functions of plasma

A

transports components blood, including cells, nutrients, waster, hormones, proteins and antibodies through the body

27
Q

what are the function of the erythrocytes

A

transports oxygen through the lungs to the cells throughout the body

28
Q

what are function of the leucocytes

A

fight off infections and protect the body

29
Q

what are the thrombocytes

A

line up together and scaffold for the coagulation of blood to form a clot

30
Q

describe coagulation

A

fibrin threads to form a mesh, that traps blood cells, platelets and plasma, the mesh with trapped materials is thrombus. this holds the clot in position. clot retraction occurs, pullings edges of blood vessels together. clot dries forming a scab

human bio (18 decks)

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