lymph capillary, cardiorespiratory system Flashcards
what happens when the heart is under pressure
plasma is pumped into the blood capillary
what happens once 100% of the plasma leaves the capillary and becomes tissue fluid
80% of the tissue fluid returns to the capillary but the excess 20% is absorbed by the lymph capillary and becomes lymph
describe the process of gaseous exchange
- air flows in and out of the alveoli as we breathe
- the artery brings deoxygenated blood into the capillaries
- carbon dioxide diffuses from the higher concentration in the blood to the lower concentration in the air in the alveolus
- oxygen diffuses from the higher concentration in the alveolus to the lower concentration in the blood
- oxygenated blood leaves the capillaries of the alveoli and is taken to the heart in the veins from the lungs
why are alveoli only one cell thick
to allow for gases to diffuse into the body quickly
does oxygen enter into the alveolus from the blood
yes
does carbon dioxide enter the alveolus from the blood capillary
yes
what happens to the structure of the lung cavity when you exhale
diaphragm relaxes
the intercostals relax
rib cage moves down and in
what happens to the structure of the lung cavity when you inhale
diaphragm contracts and flattens
intercostal muscles contract
ribcage moves up and out
lungs increase in volume
where does the superior vena cava bring blood from
the upper part of the body and the head
where does the inferior vena cava bring blood from
the lower half of the body
why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle
because it has to pump blood to the whole body. the right ventricle only has to pump blood to the lungs
describe circulation of blood to through the body
as oxygenated blood flows through the capillaries of the body, oxygen and nutrients diffuse from the blood into the body cells, and carbon dioxide and other wastes diffuse from cells into the blood as it becomes deoxygenated
what do the valves prevent
back flow of blood
what is the pulmonary veins role
bring oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs
what is the pulmonary trunk’s function
divide the two pulmonary arteries that carry deoxygenated blood to each lung
what is the blood vessels main role
carry blood to the cells of the body or lungs and then back to the heart again
what is the arteries function
carry blood away from the heart
what is the structure of the arteries
smooth muscle and elastic fibre
what is the differences between the arteries and veins
the arteries carry blood away from the heart while the veins carry blood toward the heart
arteries have elastic fires to allow the arteries to stretch to accomodate extra blood and contract and push blood into the arteries
veins do not have muscular, elastic walls meaning they are unable to contract
what is the function of capillaries
form a network to carry blood to nearly every cell in the body
what is the structure of capillaries
one cell thick wall allowing substances to pass easily between blood and surrounding cells
why can you only transfuse a person their own blood type
because they have antibodies to other blood types and if infused with these antibodies they will clot together
does a person with a negative blood type have a rhesus antigen
no
does group AB produce any antibodies
no
does group O produce any antigens
no
what are the functions of plasma
transports components blood, including cells, nutrients, waster, hormones, proteins and antibodies through the body
what are the function of the erythrocytes
transports oxygen through the lungs to the cells throughout the body
what are function of the leucocytes
fight off infections and protect the body
what are the thrombocytes
line up together and scaffold for the coagulation of blood to form a clot
describe coagulation
fibrin threads to form a mesh, that traps blood cells, platelets and plasma, the mesh with trapped materials is thrombus. this holds the clot in position. clot retraction occurs, pullings edges of blood vessels together. clot dries forming a scab
