Lungs/Arteries [B]

Question 1

What is the difference between Endothelial and Epithelial?

Answer 1

Epi - covering the outside
Endo - covering the inside

Question 2

Squamous tissue is _____ (Epithelial/Endothelial)

Answer 2

Epithelial

Question 3

Where is Squamous tissue found and what is it?

Answer 3

They are thin, flat cells found in the alveoli and arteries.

Ednothelial squamous are found in the arteries

Question 4

How is an alveoli adapted to its function?

Answer 4

Squamous tissue is thin for short diffusion pathway
Large surface area to increase air capacity
Moist surface allows gases to dissolve before entering the alveoli
Network of capillaries for good blood supply

Question 5

What is COPD? Name 2 examples.

Answer 5

COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Two examples are emphysema and bronchitis.

Question 6

Describe what is emphysema, causes and symptoms.

Answer 6

Emphysema:
- Damage of alveoli, decreases surface area, destruction of elastin, abnormally large air spaces
- Caused by smoking, air pollution or chemical fumes
- Symptoms include difficulty exhaling, routine activities becoming difficult

Question 7

Describe what is chronic bronchitis, causes and symptoms.

Answer 7

Chronic Bronchitis:
- Inflammation of airways, excessive mucus, airway blockage
- Caused by bacteria, virus or inhalation of irritants (smoke, smog)
- Symptoms include shortness of breath and wheezing

Question 8

Columnar cells are _____ (Epithelial/Endothelial)

Answer 8

Epithelial

Question 9

Where are columnar cells found and what are they?

Answer 9

They are single layered cell linings found in the trachea, most cells are covered with cilia (little hairs)

Question 10

What is the job of columnar cells?

Answer 10

To clean the trachea from irritants or pathogens by having mucus and hair cells trapping them

Question 11

Which cells are responsible for mucus?

Answer 11

Goblet cells secrete mucus in the trachea.

Question 12

What is atherosclerosis? What are the causes and effects?

Answer 12

Its the building up of plaques in the arteries made from cholesterol particles, which eventually leads to a mostly blocked artery of a blood clot forming for a fully blocked artery
Caused by smoking, unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, age and are more common in men
Effects are possible strokes and heart attacks

Question 13

What is the job of an Endothelial squamous lining? Where is it found?

Answer 13

It is found in arteries, their job is to help smooth blood flow, releasing chemicals to control the size of the lumen