Cell Ultrastructure [B] Flashcards
Cell organelles
Name all organelles/subcellular organelles in an animal cell.
Nucleus, Nucleolus, Nuclear Envelope, Ribosome, Mitochondrion, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth/Rough), Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane, Lysosome
In which 2 parts of an animal cell are ribosomes found in?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Cytoplasm
What are the functions of both Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Rough E.R. - Contains ribosomes and transports proteins
Smooth E.R. - Involved in making lipids
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
Receives proteins from the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, modifies and packages it into Vesicles.
What is the function of the Vesicle?
Transport substances across the entire cell
What is the function of Lysosome?
Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes used to break down materials in the cell
What is the function of the Nucleus and Nucleolus?
The Nucleus controls cell activity and contains genetic information
The Nucleolus is responsible for making RNA and Ribosomes
What is the structure and function of the Centrioles?
Centrioles are small protein tubes. They form spindles which separates chromosomes during cell division.
What is the Cell Wall made of and what is its function?
Cell Wall is made of a starch named cellulose. It gives the cell shape and structure.
What is the function Amyoplasts (Starch Grains)?
It stores Amylopectin, a form of starch.
What is the function of the Vacuole?
It controls osmosis in the cell, keeps the cell turgid and is also used as a storage vessel.
What is the function of Plasmodesmata?
Threads of cytoplasm connecting cells together and passing signal substances between them.
Pits are part of the cell wall, what is their function?
They communicate or exchange fluid through the cell wall.
What are the differences between an animal and plant cell?
Plant cells are the only one that have: cell wall, pits, chloroplast, permanent vacuole, amyoplasts
Animal cells are the only ones that have lysosomes
What is the difference between Light and Electron microscopes?
Light microscopes are used to view living cells, though they may have lower magnification and resolution
Electron microscopes provide a higher magnification and resolution but cannot be used to view living cells
