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Year 3 respiratory > lung worm > Flashcards

lung worm Flashcards

1
Q

what is the equine lungworm?

A

dictyocaulus arnfieldi

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2
Q

what is the pathogenicity of dictyocaulus arnfieldi

A
  • horse
  • adult in small bronchi
  • raised over-inflated areas of pulmonary tissue
  • hyperplastic bronchial epitherlium
  • peribronchial cuffing
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3
Q

what is a big risk factor for equine lung worm?

A

donkey contact

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4
Q

how can you diagnose dictyocaulus arnfieldi?

A
  • equine lung worm
  • tracheobronchial washing - eosinophils
  • faecal exam
  • response to treatment
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5
Q

what is the canine lungworm?

A

angiostrongylus vasorum

filaroides (oslerus) osleri

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6
Q

what is the life cycle of angiostrongylus vasorum?

A

slug/snail intermediate
-adult in pulmonary a and RH heart
ppp 6-10w

(canine)

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7
Q

what signs are seen with angiostrongylus vasorum?

A
  • cario-resp signs = cough, exercise intolerance
  • coagulopathies = from thrombocytopenia
  • neuro signs = CNS haemorrhage or larvae in CNS tissue - ataxia, vision loss, seizures
  • pulmonary hypertension and haemorrhage
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8
Q

how can you diagnose canine lungworm?

A
  • thoracic rad - nodules at bifurcation
  • faeces
  • sputum exam
  • PM - mottled lungs, large BV
  • hypochromic anaemia, eosinophilia, coag tests
  • endoscopy - nodules, inflammation
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9
Q

how can you treat angiostrongylus vasorum?

A

moxidectin (advocate)
milbemycin
panacur (fenbendazole - 5-7 d course *) (filaroides too)

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10
Q

what is the life cycle of filaroides osleri?

A

atypical metastrongyloid
direct LC
adults in tracheal nodules
Bitch - pup when grooming

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11
Q

what is the feline lungworm?

A

aelurostrongylus abstrusus

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12
Q

where do the adults of aelurostrongylus abstrusus live?

A

lung parenchyma and small bronchioles

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13
Q

what would you see on PM with feline lungworm?

A

green eosinophilic lung nodules

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14
Q

what is the bovine lungworm?

A

dictyocaulus viviparus

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15
Q

what is the life cycle of dictyocaulus?

A

l1 in faeces - infested - migrate in blood and lymph to lungs - adult in trachea and bronchi
- embryonated eggs coughed and swallowed - hatch

ppp - 3.5 w in cow , 5w in sheep

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16
Q

what is the immunity like for dictyocaulus?

A

rapidly develops from heavy exposure but the pathogen can affect any age if naive

17
Q

what is the pathogenesis of husk?

A

wk1) penetration phase - larvae migrate to lungs , no signs

wk1-3) prepatent phase - larvae migrate through lungs - bronchiolitis, eosinophilic exudate, distal alveolar collapse =tachypnoea, coughing

wk4-8) patent phase - worms mature and make eggs - parasitic pneumonia - areas of consolidation and infiltration of polymorphs, macrophage and giant cells

wk8-12) post-patent phase - worms expelled, can get a secondary flare up

18
Q

how can you diagnose dictyocaulus?

A

pathology / histology - parasite granulomas in lung, eosinophilic plugs

faecal - baerman technique

larval identification - 300 microns, blunt tail, have int granules

PM - lung lesions, consolidated areas

Herd blood and milk ELISA

lung perfusion - wash out lung and collect washings

19
Q

what is the difference between GI larva and lungworm larva on identification?

A

lungworm - 300 microns, blunt tail, int granules

GI larva - 700-1000 microns, long tails, int cells

20
Q

what are the 3 lungworms that can infect sheep?

A

dictyocaulus filaria
muellerius
protostrongylus

21
Q

what is the most important ovine lungworm?

A

dictyocaulus filaria

22
Q

what is the life cycle of muellerius?

A

ppp 6-10 w
indirect via mollusc
adult in alveoli / parenchyma

23
Q

what is the life cycle of protostrongylus?

A

ppp 5-6 w
indirect via mollusc
adults in small bronchioles

24
Q

what is the pathogenesis of muellerius?

A

nodules in lung parenchyma

25
Q

what is the pathogenesis of protostrongylus?

A

adults block small bronchioles

Year 3 respiratory (11 decks)

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