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HH/KINE3012 N - Human Physiology II > Lung volumes and flow Topic 6 – Midterm > Flashcards

Lung volumes and flow Topic 6 – Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

what are RESTRICTIVE lung DISEASES

A

make it difficult for the lungs to expand and fill with air

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2
Q

what are some examples of restrictive lung diseases

A

pulmonary fibrosis
neuromuscular disorders

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3
Q

what is pulmonary fibrosis

A

thickening of elastic tissue

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4
Q

what are neuromuscular disorders

A

polio, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), muscular dystrophy
Neuromuscular disorders include a wide-range of diseases affecting the peripheral nervous system

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5
Q

A _______________is a diagnostic device that measures the amount of air you’re able to breathe in and out.

A

spirometer

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6
Q

A spirometry test requires you to ____________

A

breathe into a tube attached to a machine called a spirometer.

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7
Q

what are the Subdivisions of Lung Volumes

A

Tidal volume (VT)
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
Inspiratory capacity (IC)
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
Residual volume (RV)
Functional residual capacity (FRC)
Vital capacity (VC)
Total lung capacity (TLC)

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8
Q

what is Tidal volume (VT)

A

The volume of air entering or leaving the lungs during a single breath

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9
Q

what is Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

A

It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal tidal volume

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10
Q

what is Inspiratory capacity (IC)

A

The maximum volume that can be inspired, starting from the end of a normal, quiet expiration (IC = IRV + VT)

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11
Q

what is Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

A

the volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal resting expiration

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12
Q

what is Residual volume (RV)

A

the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration

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13
Q

what is Functional residual capacity (FRC)

A

The volume of air in the lungs at the end of a normal passive expiration (FRC = ERV + RV)

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14
Q

what is Vital capacity (VC)

A

The maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration. The person first inspires maximally, then expires maximally (VC = IRV + VT + ERV).

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15
Q

what is Total lung capacity (TLC):

A

The maximum volume of air that the lungs can hold (TLC = VC + RV)

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16
Q

DRAW OUT AND LEBEL THE SUBDIVISIONS OF THE LUNG

A
17
Q

What is Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1):

A

the volume of air (in liters) exhaled in the first second during forced exhalation after maximal inspiration.

Normally, at least 80% of the forced vital capacity (FVC) is exhaled in the first second.

18
Q

what is Forced vital capacity (FVC)

A

the maximum amount of air you can forcibly exhale from your lungs after fully inhaling

19
Q

what is FEV1/FVC ratio

A

FEV1/FVC ratio is the ratio of the amount of air a person can exhale in the first second (FEV1) to the total amount of air exhaled (FVC) during a forced breath out, used to measure lung function.

20
Q

In normal lungs The FEV1 can expire…..

A

more volume of air within 1 second than obstructive lungs

21
Q

why do obstructive lungs have a lower FEV1

A

because they have more resistance within the lungs.

22
Q

can obstructive lungs eventually expire the same volume of air as the normal lungs

A

yes, but it would just take longer.

23
Q

what is the FEV1/FVC ratio generally for normal lungs

A

0.75

24
Q

what is the FEV1/FVC ratio for obstructive lungs

A

Value below 0.7

25
Q

what does a spirometer detail about people with Restrictive lungs

A

People with restrictive lung patterns have a smaller volume
FVC is lower
VC is lower

Does not move a lot of air in upon inspiration, so they have less volume to work with, so when expiration comes not as much volume is moved out

26
Q

what is the FEV1/FVC ratio in those with restrictive lungs

A

same as normal lungs because even though FEV1 is less the FVC is also less which evens it out

It can also be slightly higher

27
Q

DRAW AND LABEL OUT A FLOW VOLUME CURVE

A

HH/KINE3012 N - Human Physiology II (37 decks)

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