Lung volumes and flow Topic 6 – Midterm Flashcards
what are RESTRICTIVE lung DISEASES
make it difficult for the lungs to expand and fill with air
what are some examples of restrictive lung diseases
pulmonary fibrosis
neuromuscular disorders
what is pulmonary fibrosis
thickening of elastic tissue
what are neuromuscular disorders
polio, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), muscular dystrophy
Neuromuscular disorders include a wide-range of diseases affecting the peripheral nervous system
A _______________is a diagnostic device that measures the amount of air you’re able to breathe in and out.
spirometer
A spirometry test requires you to ____________
breathe into a tube attached to a machine called a spirometer.
what are the Subdivisions of Lung Volumes
Tidal volume (VT)
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
Inspiratory capacity (IC)
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
Residual volume (RV)
Functional residual capacity (FRC)
Vital capacity (VC)
Total lung capacity (TLC)
what is Tidal volume (VT)
The volume of air entering or leaving the lungs during a single breath
what is Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal tidal volume
what is Inspiratory capacity (IC)
The maximum volume that can be inspired, starting from the end of a normal, quiet expiration (IC = IRV + VT)
what is Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
the volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal resting expiration
what is Residual volume (RV)
the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration
what is Functional residual capacity (FRC)
The volume of air in the lungs at the end of a normal passive expiration (FRC = ERV + RV)
what is Vital capacity (VC)
The maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration. The person first inspires maximally, then expires maximally (VC = IRV + VT + ERV).
what is Total lung capacity (TLC):
The maximum volume of air that the lungs can hold (TLC = VC + RV)
DRAW OUT AND LEBEL THE SUBDIVISIONS OF THE LUNG
What is Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1):
the volume of air (in liters) exhaled in the first second during forced exhalation after maximal inspiration.
Normally, at least 80% of the forced vital capacity (FVC) is exhaled in the first second.
what is Forced vital capacity (FVC)
the maximum amount of air you can forcibly exhale from your lungs after fully inhaling
what is FEV1/FVC ratio
FEV1/FVC ratio is the ratio of the amount of air a person can exhale in the first second (FEV1) to the total amount of air exhaled (FVC) during a forced breath out, used to measure lung function.
In normal lungs The FEV1 can expire…..
more volume of air within 1 second than obstructive lungs
why do obstructive lungs have a lower FEV1
because they have more resistance within the lungs.
can obstructive lungs eventually expire the same volume of air as the normal lungs
yes, but it would just take longer.
what is the FEV1/FVC ratio generally for normal lungs
0.75
what is the FEV1/FVC ratio for obstructive lungs
Value below 0.7
what does a spirometer detail about people with Restrictive lungs
People with restrictive lung patterns have a smaller volume
FVC is lower
VC is lower
Does not move a lot of air in upon inspiration, so they have less volume to work with, so when expiration comes not as much volume is moved out
what is the FEV1/FVC ratio in those with restrictive lungs
same as normal lungs because even though FEV1 is less the FVC is also less which evens it out
It can also be slightly higher
DRAW AND LABEL OUT A FLOW VOLUME CURVE
