Lung Cancer Flashcards
This type of lung cancer is associated with paraneoplastic syndromes like SIADH & Eaton-Lambert Syndrome
Small cell lung cancers
This is the most common type of lung cancer found in non-smokers & is in the periphery of the lung
Adenocarcinoma
This type of lung cancer originates in the epithilium of the bronchiole wall
Squamous cell
Lung cancer that originates in the main bronchi, spreads easily, & is very aggressive
Small cell lung cancer
Lung cancer that has Keratin Pearls on CXR & necrosis and cavity formation
Squamous cell
Bronchorrhea is found in this lung cancer
Adenocarcinoma
Lung cancer with a 6-18 week prognosis if left untreated
SCLC
Organ dysfunction related to immune mediated effects of cancer
Paraneoplastic syndromes
what paraneoplastic syndrome is most commonly seen with squamous cell carcinoma
Hypercalcemia
Eaton-Lambert syndrome is what type of paraneoplastic syndrome?
neurological
Cushing-syndrome, hypercalcemia, & hyponatremia are what type of paraneoplastic disorders?
Endocrine
SIDAH commonly accompanies what type of lung cancer?
Small cell LC
Who should be screened for lung cancer with and annual chest CT?
-Age 55-80y/o
-Current smoker
-30 year pack HX who quit less than 15 years ago
Pulmonary nodule with smooth, popped corn appearance, that’s smaller than 2cm found in a young, non-smoker
likely benign
If a pulmonary nodule is spiculated in appearance and changes size over the course of a few years it is likely what?
Malignant
What are the two stages for small cell lung cancer?
-Limited stage which is confined to the hemithorax
-Extensive stage which has spread outside the hemithorax
increased vascular permeability resulting in leaking into pleural space or change in pleural fluid reabsorption; High protein and high LDH
Exudative pleural effusion
changes in oncotic and hydrostatic pressure; low protein count; caused by left sided HF; don’t require drainage
Transudative pleural effusion
What type of NSCLC presents with hemoptysis?
Squamous cell LC
What form of SCLC is treated with resection if there is no spreading or metastasis; & chemotherapy if it spread
Limited stage SCLC
What form of SCLC is treated with chemotherapy with a palliative (not curative) intent?
Extensive stage SCLS
Patients with these two forms of NSCLC who can handle surgery should have a resection; in N1 a lobectomy or pneumectomy is recommended to remove primary tumor and drain the lymph
NSCLC Stages I & II
What is an accumulation of fluid in pleural space when the fluid can’t be reabsorbed by the lymph or changes in oncotic and hydrostatic pressure
Pleural effusion
Fluid present in lungs on CXR, blunted costophrenic angles, and free-floating fluid in decubitus position
Pleural effusion
What type of parapneumonic pleural effusion has a pH <7.2 puss in pleural space, and requires drainage & ABX to prevent empyema
complicated parapneumonic effusion
Presentation: acute dyspnea, tachycardia, decreased breath sounds (can be from trauma, or spontaneous)
pneumothorax
This disorder is an emergency requiring immediate relief of air and pressure
Tension pneumothorax