lumbar plexus and thigh Flashcards
what are the two kinds of plexi, define them?
somatic plexus- sensory of skin and controls skeletal muscle.
visceral plexus- information of visceral organs
what kind of plexus is the lumbar plexus?
somatic
What are the 9 regions of the abdomen and what lines seperate the regions?
- Mid clavicular lines (vertical, mid clavical)
- Subcoastal (horizontal, right below coastal margin)
- Transtubercular (horizontal, illiac tubercles, 2 inches behind asis)
1. Left hypochondrium
2. Epigastric
3. Right hypochondrium
4. Left lumbar
5. Umbilical
6. Right lumbar
7. Left inguinal
8. Hypogastric
Right inguinal
where does iliohypogastric innervate?
lateral side of glut region and in hypogastric region of the abdomen.
where does illioinguinal innervate?
Sensory mostly, lateral glut
Passes through inguinal canal with is muscle wall and supplies anterior half of external genitals
what does cutaneous refer to?
skin
lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, where it comes from where it goes.
Pure sensory L2 and l3 Lateral side of thigh 1 inch medial to asis Always passes deep to inguinal lig - Not much space there though so it can be exposed to mechanical stress - Anything that stretches inguinal lig can compress the nerve behind ○ Being obese ○ Pregnancy ○ Heavy outfit Feels like pins and needles
what is meralgia paraethetica?
Always passes deep to inguinal lig
- Not much space there though so it can be exposed to mechanical stress
- Anything that stretches inguinal lig can compress the nerve behind
○ Being obese
○ Pregnancy
○ Heavy outfit…. TIGHT UNDERWEAR
Feels like pins and needles
genitofemoral
genital (motor) and femoral (sensory) (almost equal)
what muscle does the genital nerve innervate?
Cremaster muscle
what is the purpose of cremaster, why?
contracts to bring testis closer to abdominals. □ This is because testicles can function two or 3 degrees colder then abdominal cavity, that’s why they are not located there.
When testicles are too cold this muscles brings them closer to the abdominal cavity to warm them up
where does the saphenous nerve supply?
medial border of leg and medial border of foot
what are the three femoral nerve sensory branches?
saphenous, medial and anterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
where does obturator nerve supply?
medial thigh (groin)
where does superficial fibular nerve supply?
supplies mostly dorsum of the foot
where does deep fibular supply?
web between big toe and second toe
where does lateral sural supply?
lateral leg
superior clunial ?
back high hammy
medial clunial ?
lateral upper thigh
inferior clunial
right below superior
posterior femoral cutaneous?
big portion of hammy and a bit of back of knee
sural?
posterior aspect of leg and lateral border of the foot
calcaneal?
- Heel
Calcaneus bone
Lateral plantar
Cuntaneus
Lateral third plantar aspect of foot
Med plantar
medial 2/3 plantar aspect of foot
Vericosus, how do you avoid getting it?
Deep vein get to full of blood, so they pass to superficial veins which can lead to rupturing of superficial veins.
- How do you avoid this
○ Keep moving your legs
○ Walk around don’t stand still, so that your muscles can pump
explain where the greater sephenus vein passes.
- Medial side of dorsal venous arch
- Passes one inch anterior to medial malleolus
- Ascends medial side of leg, reaches to knee
- 4 inches behind patella
- Ascends until fascia latte (deep fascia of lower limb)
○ Opening in fascia latte is designed for this vein
Empties into femoral vein
why might you massage along the greater sephanus vein if swollen?
lymph follows this vein
where does the lesser sephenus vein run?
- Lateral side of dorsal venous arch
- One inch posterior to lateral maelleolus
Acends to back of leg into POPLITEAL VEIN
- One inch posterior to lateral maelleolus
what are the three muscular sections of the thigh and why are they named the wy they are?
because of the nerve innervation. 1. Anterior- or extensor
2. Medial- adductor
Posterior- flexors
what is Adductor tenotomy?
cutting adductor longus. Cerebral palsy has very spastic adductor muscles
- Called scissors gate.. One leg goes directly in line with the other foot
Surgery to cut adductor magnus
where does the femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve innervate?
skin of femoral triangle
what does polio target?
anterior horn of spinal cord.
what kind of paralysis does polio create?
spastic paralysis
what gets damaged to lead to spastic paralysis and flaccid paralysis?
pns damage leads to spastic and cns damage leads to flaccid paralysis
what is tendotransfer?
In severe cases of polio they cut insertion of biceps femoris and connect to patella tendon to make it an extensor
describe in descending order the nerves that start with the nerve directly inferior to rib 12.
subcostal, iliohypogastric right underneath, then ilioinguinal below that, then lateral femoral cutaneous heads to asis from from vertabrae, genitofemoral splits into genital and femoral nerves
which nerve wraps behind and infront of the femur?
lateral circumflex and medial circumflex
which menisci has more soft tissue attachemnts and what does it mean?
medial has more attachments and is less mobile and can get injured more often.
what often gets injured when you injure your medial meniscus and why?
MCL because its attached to it
contraction of semitendinosus and semimembranosus can lead to so negative effects on the back, what is it and how?
contraction results in posterior tilt which decreases lumbar curvature which leads to lower back pain.
