gluteal region and hip bone

Question 1

what is trendelen berg gate?

Answer 1

unilateral paralysis of glut med causing a waddling to one side

Question 2

what muscle compensates for glut med injury or paralysis? and what does it try to do?

Answer 2

abdominals, it tries to being rib cage closer to center of gravity or the side of the foot that is not affected?

Question 3

what is the center of gravity when you are standing on one leg?

Answer 3

2 inches in front of S2

Question 4

what 4 muscles make up superficial gluteal muscles

Answer 4

glut max med min and TFL

Question 5

how would you stretch piriformis while sitting down and why lying prone

Answer 5

prone you medially rotate it while setting you cross legs or adduct (because the function of piriformis is different with hip at full flexion).

Question 6

what is the calcar?

Answer 6

quadtrate turbercle between the greater and lesser trochanter of femur.

Question 7

what are the two nerves that make up the sciatic nerve, and why is there “no such thing as a sciatic nerve”?

Answer 7

common fibular and tibial nerve. these nerves run together inside same connective tissue but there is no fibers that cross.

Question 8

what is piriformis syndrome and what is the most common reason it happens?

Answer 8

sciatic nerve is comprised of two nerves, when you dont have the sciatic nerve (which is just common fibular and tibial nerve together) and they are jsut split often the common fibular nerve passes through the piriformis which creates problems

Question 9

what would be a good way to know piriformis syndrome?

Answer 9

early 20’s no history of anything in back or anything. and they have signs of sciatica, it could be piriformis syndrome

Question 10

what kind of joint is hip joint?

Answer 10

synovial ball in socket joint.

Question 11

what is the function of the labrum acetabulum?

Answer 11

enhances depth of acetabulum

Increasing congruency. made of fibrocartilage

Question 12

what happens till about age 10 or 11 when the round ligament gets damaged.

Answer 12

artery supplying head and neck of femur gets damaged and the head and neck dies.

Question 13

does medial or lateral rotation bring more stability to the hip joint. how about adduction or abduction?

Answer 13

lateral rotation and abduction, because it stretches more ligaments, because stretching ligaments brings articulating surfaces together. (because both pubofemoral and illiofemoral are both anterior and only ischiofemoral is posterior) so two ligaments against one are stretched in these two positions.

Question 14

what is weakest position of hip joint?

Answer 14

flexion, medial rotation and addiction, sitting with legs crossed lol

Question 15

what significance do the three ligaments in the hip joint have in standing? and why?

Answer 15

COG is always posterior to hip joint. So COG forces pelvis into posterior tilt which stretches these ligaments (because of orientation) which stabilizes yourself upright, which is why you can stand for long periods of time (little muscle activation is needed)

Question 16

What is the prime mover for hip extensor?

Answer 16

Glut max

Question 17

what is IT band syndrome?

Answer 17

bursa of lateral knee sitting between IT band and tibia, when IT is tight it presses against it bursitis happens. You have to stretch it out.

Question 18

prime mover of lateral rotation of thigh

Answer 18

quadrus femoris

Question 19

where do gemelis inferior and superior lie on (posterior? ) side

Answer 19

above and below the obturator internus ligament.

Question 20

Describe the location of superior glut n, inferior glut n, pudendal n, posterior cutaneous n, and sciatic nerve in relation to piriformis?

Answer 20

superior glut going up, inferior glut below, sciatic below and super big, posterior cutaneous is parallel with sciatic and smaller, pudendal goes through obt foramen

Question 21

what is an anastamosis?

Answer 21

arteries that join together

Question 22

what are the contents of cruciate anastamosis?

Answer 22

medial fem circumflex, lat fem circumflex, first perforating, inferior glut

Question 23

which artery supplies teres lig before the age of 12?

Answer 23

acetabular branch of obturator artery

Question 24

what does avcascular necrosis lead to in the femur and acetabulum?

Answer 24

when the bone doesn’t receive blood.. Can be reversed but at the time of repair it is very vulnerable to mechanical stress. This leads to flatting of head of femur that ends up grinding on the acetabulum