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4U Chemistry Unit 2 > LT#2: Functional Groups and Properties > Flashcards

LT#2: Functional Groups and Properties Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between making and accepting a HB?

A

The molecule that has an H directly attached to an O, N, or F is making the HB.

The molecule that provides the lone pair an an O, N or F accepts the HB.

Accepting HBs only affects a compound’s solubility (not MP).

Compound that can make HBs have slightly higher solubilities than those that can only accept.

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2
Q

What affect does a C=C functional group have on Melting Point?

A

Makes molecule smaller so lowers LD, which decreases MP.

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3
Q

What affect does a C=C functional group have on Solubility?

A

No Effect

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4
Q

What affect does a C to C Triple Bond functional group have on Melting Point?

A

Introduces linear shape increasing surface area. This makes LDs stronger, which increases MP.

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5
Q

What affect does a C to C Triple Bond functional group have on Solubility?

A

No Effect

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6
Q

The C-OH functional group is called a…

A

Hydroxyl group

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7
Q

What affect does a C-OH functional group have on Melting Point?

A

Allows molecule to HB, which increases MP.

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8
Q

What affect does a C-OH functional group have on Solubility?

A

Allows molecule to make a HB with water, which increases solubility.

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9
Q

The C-O-C functional group is called a…

A

Alkoxy group

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10
Q

What affect does a C-O-C functional group have on Melting Point?

A

Allows molecule to DD, which increases MP.

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11
Q

What affect does a C-O-C functional group have on Solubility?

A

Allows molecule to accept a HB from water, which increases solubility.

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12
Q

When a N is bonded to 1 or more carbons the functional group is called an…

A

Amine group

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13
Q

What affect does an amine functional group have on Melting Point?

A

All classifications increase MP.

Primary - Makes 2 HB

Secondary - Makes 1 HB

Tertiary - Makes 1 DD

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14
Q

What affect does an amine functional group have on Solubility?

A

All classification increase solubility.

Primary - Makes 2 HB

Secondary - Makes 1 HB

Tertiary - Accepts 1 HB

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15
Q

The C=O functional group is called a…

A

Carbonyl

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16
Q

What affect does a C=O functional group have on Melting Point?

A

Allows molecule to DD, which increases MP.

17
Q

What affect does a C=O functional group have on Solubility?

A

Allows molecule to accept a HB from water, which increases solubility.

18
Q

The funcional group with a carbonyl and hydroxyl on the same carbon is called a…

A

Carboxyl group

19
Q

What affect does a carboxyl functional group have on Melting Point?

A

Allows molecule to make 1 HB and 1 DD, which increases MP.

20
Q

What affect does a carboxyl functional group have on solubility?

A

Allows molecule to make 1 HB and accept 1 HB, which increases solubility

21
Q

The funcional group with a carbonyl and alkoxy on the same carbon is called a…

A

Ester group

22
Q

What affect does an ester functional group have on Melting Point?

A

Allows molecule to create 2 DDs, which increases MP, compared to Alkanes.

23
Q

What affect does an ester functional group have on Solubility?

A

Allows the molecules to accept 2 HB from water, which increases solubility.

24
Q

The funcional group with a carbonyl and amine on the same carbon is called a…

A

Amide group

25
Q

What affect does an amide functional group have on Melting Point?

A

All classifications increase MP.

Primary - Makes 2 HB and 1 DD

Secondary - Makes 1 HB and and 1 DD

Tertiary - Makes 2 DD

26
Q

What affect does having an amide fuctional group have on solubility?

A

All classifications increase Solubility.

Primary - Makes 2 HB and accepts 1 HB

Secondary - Makes 1 HB and accepts 1 HB

Tertiary - Accepts 2 HB from water

27
Q

How does the size of a molecule affect its Melting Point?

A

The larger the molecule, the stronger the LDs, which increases MP.

28
Q

How does the size of a molecule affect its solubility?

A

The larger the molecule, the less polar it is overall, which decreases its solubility.

4U Chemistry Unit 2 (9 decks)

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