LT#1&2: Esters and Amides Flashcards
Esters contain which functional group?
Ester ( C=O with O-C on same carbon, spelling COCO)
What is the general formula for Esters?
ROOR’
How do you name an Ester?
- ID the part with the C=O. Name this as the parent acid.
- Replace the “oic acid” suffix with “oate”. Make sure to drop the e of the parent.
- Name any other alkyl groups attached to the main chain as the prefix.
- Name the C’s attached to the O of the ester as an alkyl group in front of the prefix. Leave a space between this alkyl group and the prefix.
Describe the melting point of Esters.
Ester can make 2 DD, which increases MP compared to Alkanes.
Describe the solubility of Esters
Ester can accept 2 HB from water increasing solubility compared to Alkanes.
However, when esters have 4 or more C’s, they are too large to dissolve.
Esters are used as….
Artificial flavourings/scents.
Amides contain which functional group?
Amide (C=O with NH2, NH or N on same carbon)
How are Amides classified as primary, secondary and tertiary?
By counting how many C’s are attached to the N.
How do you name an Amide?
- ID the part with the C=O. Name this as the parent acid.
- Replace the “oic acid” suffix with “amide”. Make sure to drop the e of the parent.
- Name any other alkyl groups attached to the parent chain as the prefix.
- Name any alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen using N as the position #. Place these in front of the prefix.
Describe the melting point of Amides.
All classifications have higher MP than Alkanes.
Primary - Makes 2 HB and 1 DD
Secondary - Makes 1 HB and 1 DD
Tertiary - Makes 2 DD
Describe the solubility of Amides.
All classifications have higher solubilities than Alkanes.
Primary - Makes 2 HB and accepts 1 HB
Secondary - Makes 1 HB and accepts 1 HB
Tertiary - Accepts 2 HB from water
