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farmaco > lp 2-caca > Flashcards

lp 2-caca Flashcards

1
Q

forme farmaceutice lichide

A

solutii
suspensii
emulsii

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2
Q

tipuri de solutii in fct de natura excipientului

A

apoase
alcoolice
uleioase
glicerinate
solventi nepolari
extractive

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3
Q

excipient solutii apoase

A

apa distilata
apa bidistilata- colire oftalmologice si sol inj
ape aromatice

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4
Q

clasificare solutii apoase pentru uz intern

A

NEZAHARATE
- adm in picaturi
ZAHARATE
- sirop
-potiune
-limonada medicamentoasa

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5
Q

cantitate sol apoase uz intern in picaturi

A

10, 20, 30 sau 50 g

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6
Q

prop sol apoasa uz intern in picaturi

A
  • adm oral
  • concentratie mica
    -densitate apropiata de apa
    -1 gram de solutie se imparte in 20 de picaturi
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7
Q

preparare solutie apoasa uz intern in picaturi

A

in farmacie magistral
industrial/ tipizat

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8
Q

concentratie zahar sirop

A

intre 40-64%

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9
Q

tipuri de siropuri

A
  • industriale/ tipizate
  • oficinale
    -magistrale
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10
Q

tipuri de siropuri oficinale

A
  • tip edulcorant
  • tip aromatizant
  • medicamentoase
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11
Q

exemple siropuri medicamentoase

A

sirop de codeina
sirop de beladona

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12
Q

o lingurita sirop contine…..

A

6,5 grame

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13
Q

o lingura sirop contine…..

A

20 grame

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14
Q

ce este potiunea

A

solutie apoasa, concentratie scazuta de zahar ( 20% sirop) cu subst medicam dizolvate sau suspendate in apa

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15
Q

preparare potiune

A

in farmacie, preparat magistral intr-o cantitate care sa ajunga 3 zile

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16
Q

componentele unei potiuni

A
  • una/ mai multe subst medicam
    -sirop 20%
    -apa distilata
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17
Q

1 lingurita de potiune contine…

A

5 g

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18
Q

1 lingura potiune are….

A

15 g

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19
Q

ce e limonada medicamentoasa

A

numita si potiune efervescenta
are toate comp potiunii plus un amestec efervescent

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20
Q

solutii apoase pentru uz extern

A

pt spalaturi
pt comprese
pt tratament local cav buc
oftalmice
pt cav nazala
pt ureche
lotiuni
clisme

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21
Q

pentru compresele reci se foloseste denumirea de

A

prișniț

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22
Q

solutii apoase pt tratament local cav bucala

A

gargarisme
dusuri buco-faringiene
colutorii

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23
Q

ce sunt gargarisme

A

solutii pt spalaturi bucale/ gargara
ape de gura

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24
Q

ce sunt dusurile buco- faringiene

A

solutii aplicate pe mucoasa bucala/ faringiana sub forma de jet/ lichid sub presiune

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25
Q

ce sunt colutorii

A

lichide vascoase aplicate pe mucoasa bucala, ginii, faringe prin badijonare
- form un strat protector
contin subst cu efect local

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26
Q

cum se mai numesc solutiile oftalmice

A

colire/ picaturi de ochi

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27
Q

conditii obligatorii solutii oftalmice

A

sterile
perfect impezi, fara impuritati
pH apropiat de cel al secretiei lacrimale
presiune osmotica egala sau apropiata cu cea a secretiei lacrimale

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28
Q

cantitati solutii oftalmice

A

10-20 grame

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29
Q

cum se mai numesc solutii pt cavitatea nazala

A

picaturi pt nas
rhinoguttae

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30
Q

cum se mai numesc solutiile pt ureche

A

picaturi pentru ureche
otoguttae

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31
Q

ce sunt lotiunile

A

solutii pt spalarea sau umectarea capului, parului, fata, maini
subst cu efect local

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32
Q

ce sunt clismele

A

solutii care se introduc intrarectal prin intermediul unui irigator si al unei canule potrivite

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33
Q

de cate feluri sunt clismele

A
  • cu efect purgativ
  • medicamentoase
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34
Q

clisme cu efect purgativ

A

-excipient apa fiarta si racita 36 grade
-cu sau fara subst care favorizeaza eliminarea continutului intestinal

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35
Q

cantitatea de lichid care se adm sub forma de clisma purgativa este……

A

250-500 grame

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36
Q

cantitati clisme medicamentoase

A

100-150 grame

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37
Q

cand se adm medicamente sub forma de clisma

A

-cand adm orala nu e posibila ( varsaturi)
-cand subst e iritanta pt muc gastrica
-cand subst poate fi inactivata in tub digestiv

38
Q

enumerare solutii apoase injectabile

A

-in fiole
perfuzii

39
Q

conditii solutii injectabile

A

-perfect limpezi
- sterile
-apirogene
- pH si pres osmotica apropiata/ egala cu mediu intern

40
Q

ce inseamna apirogen

A

sa nu contina particule lipoproteice numite pirogeni care provin din mb cel bacterii
- daca ajung in org=> febra

41
Q

din ce sticla se fac ambalaje solutii injectabile

A

bromsilicat de calciu
- nu cedeaza subst spre solutia cu care vine in contact

42
Q

pe fiole subst inj se inscrie obligatoriu:

A
  • denumire pp
  • doza in mg sau concentratia si volumul
  • numarul de șarjă
  • termen valabilitate
  • precizari cale adm
43
Q

ambalaje tip pungi din plastic solutii ap injectabile

A

-transparente
- materiale buna calitate care sa nu cedeze subst straine

44
Q

cantitate fiole solutii apoase injectabile

A

1 ml, 2 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml
RAR- 3 ml, 20 ml

45
Q

def carpule

A

tip fiola/ cartuș cu subst medicam- de obicei anestezic local- pt seringi speciale

46
Q

aspect carpule

A

tub cu capac perforabil la un capat si dop culisant la celalalt capat

47
Q

exemple solutii in seringi unica folosinta

A

vaccinuri
anticoagulante inj- Clexan, Fragmine

48
Q

exemple solutii ambalate in dispozitive tip pen

A

o parte din preparate insulina

49
Q

exemple solutii f de flacoane de sticla mici

A

au m multe doze
- heparina sodica
- anumite pp de insulina

50
Q

ce sunt perfuziile

A

sol apoase sterile adm IV in volum > 100 ml prin aparat de perfuzie

51
Q

ambalaj perfuzii

A

flacoane sticla/ plastic
pungi plastic dop cauciuc

52
Q

dc solutiile alcoolice nu se adm pe mucoase/ injectabil

A

alcoolul etilic are efect astringent

53
Q

clasificare solutii alcoolice in fct de cale administrare

A

adm interna
adm externa

54
Q

solutii alcoolice administrate intern enumerare

A

-sol alcoolice pz - de regula picaturi
-tincturi
-vinuri medicinale

55
Q

enumerare solutii alcoolice adm externa

A

sol alcoolice pz
tincturi
oteturi medicamentoase

56
Q

ce sunt vinurile medicinale

A

vinuri tonice cu subst amare
cresc secretiile digestive si consecutiv cresc pofta de mancare

57
Q

ce sunt elixirurile

A

solutii hidroalcoolice cu alcool intre 5-40%, aromatizate, zaharate cu/fara subst medicam

58
Q

ce sunt oteturile medicamentoase

A

forme farma care folosesc ca solvent otetul

59
Q

exemplu oteturi mediciale

A

otet aromatic( preparat oficinal) cu efect revulsiv

60
Q

tipuri solutii uleioase dupa cale administrare

A

-uz intern: picaturi
-uz extern: pe tegumente, picaturi nas/ conduct auditiv intern
- injectabile: numai IM
volatile
cu prop farmacoterapeutice proprii

61
Q

uleiuri volatile

A

ulei de menta- mentol
ulei de cuisoare- eugenol
ulei eucalipt- eucaliptol

62
Q

uleiuri cu prop farmacoterapeutice proprii

A

ulei ricin si ulei in- purgative
ulei parafina- laxativ
ulei peste- vitamina A, D, AG nesaturati

63
Q

solutii glicerinate

A

-excipient: glicerina
- adera la mucoase+ tegumente
- aplicare pe mucoasa bucala/ tegum
- au subst cu efect local

64
Q

ce sunt solutiile extractive

A

sol obtinute prin extragerea unor subst din produse vegetale in mediu lichid

65
Q

extractia pt solutiile extractive se poate face in:

A

-apa
-alcool etilic
- ulei

66
Q

denumire solutie extractiva apoasa

A

hidrolat

67
Q

denumire solutie extractiva alcoolica

A

tinctura

68
Q

metode de extractie solutii extractive apoase

A
  • macerare
  • infuzare
  • decoctie
69
Q

ce presupune macerare

A

punere parti din planta in apa rece si mentinerea la temp camerei un anumit timp
=> macerat

70
Q

ce presupune infuzarea

A

adaugare apa incalzita la fierbere peste produs vegetal
=> infuzie

71
Q

indicatii infuzie

A

produse vegetale friabile care contin subst volatile ce s ar evapora prin fierbere

72
Q

ce presupune decoctia

A

fierbere parti dure din planta(scoarta, radacina, rizomi) in apa, 30 min

73
Q

cum se pot prepara tincturile

A

macerare
percolare

74
Q

ce inseamna percolare

A

trecerea lichidului de extractie de sus in jos prin straturi succesive de produs vegetal asezate intr-un vas numit percolator

75
Q

ce sunt suspensiile

A

forme farmaceutice care contin subst insolubile in apa fin divizate, dispersate in apa

76
Q

cum se pot administra suspensiile

A

intern
extern-tegumente, picaturi nas, ureche
injectabil IM- pp retard

77
Q

unde se mai pot injecta suspensiile

A

subcutanat
intraarticular
periarticular

78
Q

ce sunt emulsiile

A

preparate care contin 2 lichide nemiscibile
de regula una din faze e apoasa si cealalta uleioasa

79
Q

de cate feluri pot fi emulsiile

A

ulei in apa
apa in ulei

80
Q

administrare emulsii

A

extern- pe tegumente, picaturi ureche/ nas
intern- ulei in apa
injectabil- rar, IM

81
Q

exceptie emulsii injectabile

A

emulsii cu particule micronizate speciale pt adm IV

82
Q

forme farmaceutice gazoase

A

aerosoli
subst medicamentoase- anestezice generale- adm inhalator

83
Q

ce sunt aerosolii

A

sisteme disperse form din particule de lichid sau particule solide dispersate in excipient gazos
- amestec tip lichid in gaz sau solid in gaz

84
Q

excipient gazos aerosoli

A

gaz inert
freon

85
Q

aerosolii se administreaza:

A

extern:
- inhalator
- pe tegumente/ mucoase

86
Q

descriere aerosoli adm inhalator

A

contine particule de dimensiuni mici, micronizate care sa poata ajunge la nivelul bronhii de calibru mic

87
Q

exemplu aerosoli adm inhalator

A

bronhodilatatoare- Ventolin
glucocorticoizi

88
Q

ambalaj aerosoli inhalatorii

A

flacoane speciale tip :
-flacon presurizat dozat
- turbuhaler
-diskus
se poate recurge si la aparate aerosolizare

89
Q

anestezice generale adm inhalator

A

gaze anestezice ( protoxid de azot) si lichide volatile ( eter, halotan)

90
Q

descriere aerosoli cu adm pe tegumente/ mucoase

A

-au subst cu efect local
-ambalate in flacoane presurizate
-adm prin pulverizare

91
Q

exemple aerosoli cu adm pe tegumente/ mucoase

A

oximed- egumente
hexoral- muc bucala
pulverizare pe muc nazala

farmaco (27 decks)

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