curs 4

Question 1

unde se face sinteza catecolamine

Answer 1

• term nv simpatice neuroefectoare- SNC
• glanda suprarenala

Question 2

structura catecolamine

Answer 2

tip feniletilamina
- nucelu catecolic legat printr-o catena de 2 atomi de C de o grp aminica

Question 3

sinteza catecolamine

Answer 3

1. tirozina
2. dihidroxifenilalanina (DOPA)
3. dopamina- depozitata in vezicule depozit citoplasma term axon
4. noradrenalina
5. adrenalina

Question 4

proces declansare impuls nervos

Answer 4

1. depolarizare mb presinaptica
2. deschidere canale Ca voltaj dependente
3. influx ioni Ca
4. CA eliberate in fanta sinaptica
5. CA fixate pe R mb post sinapt+ pre sinapt

Question 5

prin ce fel de procese isi pot termina neurotransmitatori adrenergici efectul

Answer 5

1. difuziune extrasinaptica
2. recaptare in citoplasma term adrenergice
3. metabolizare

Question 6

metabolizare neurotransmitator

Answer 6

• in citoplasm term adrenergice+ extraneuronal
• participa 2 enzime: MAO+ COMT
• rezultat final: acid dihidroxi-/ vanilil-mandelic - excretie urinara

Question 7

MAO

Answer 7

=monoaminooxidaza
* enz mitocondr
* oxideaza molec CA intracelular

Question 8

COMT

Answer 8

=catecolortometiltransferaza
-distribuita la nivel tisular
- actiune extraneuronala in fanta sinaptica
- ortometileaza oxidril fenolic

Question 9

ce fel de receptori sunt R adrenergici

Answer 9

R in serpentina cuplati cu proteine G

Question 10

categorii de R adrenergici

Answer 10

α si β

Question 11

tipuri de R β adrenergici

Answer 11

β1
β2
β3

Question 12

tipuri de R α adrenergici

Answer 12

α1A, α1B, α1D
α2A, α2B, α2C

Question 13

tipuri de receptori dopaminergici

Answer 13

D1 si D2
D1 like: D5
D2 like: D3, D4

Question 14

functionare receptori α1

Answer 14

cuplati cu proteine Gq
1. activ fosfolipaza C
2. formare inozitol trifosfat (IP3)+ diacilglicerol (DAG)
3. IP3=> eliberare Ca depozite intracel=> activ proteinkinaze
4. DAG=> activ proteinkinaza C

regleaza expresie genica prin activare MAP kinaze si alte kinaze

Question 15

functionare receptori α2

Answer 15

cuplati cu proteine Gi
1. inactiveaza adenilatciclaza
2. scade conc intracel AMPc
3. efect inhibitor

Question 16

functionare receptori β adrenergici

Answer 16

cuplati cu prot Gs
1. stim adenilatciclaza
2. creste conc intracel AMPc
3. efect stimulator prin activ proteinkinaze

Question 17

functionare receptori D1

Answer 17

1. stim adenilatciclaza
2. creste cant AMPc intracelulare
3. relax musc neteda vasc=> vasodilatatie

Question 18

functionare actionare receptori D2

Answer 18

1. inhibare adenilatciclaza
2. scade AMPc intracel
3. scade influx Ca
4. efect inhibitor

Question 19

stimulare prelungita receptori adrenergici cu agonisti determina…..

Answer 19

scadere in timp a efectelo
= densensibilizare echivalenta cu toleranta/ tahifilaxie

Question 20

mecanisme implicate in desensibilizare la agonisti adrenergici

Answer 20

• fosforilare receptori- apare rapid
• internalizare receptori prin scadere sinteza lor- apare lent

Question 21

pe ce sisteme actioneaza agonisti α1

Answer 21

• tegument+mucoase+ splahnic
• splina
• uter
• gl salivare
• gl sudoripare
• vezica+ prostata
• ochi
• cardiac
• metaboli

Question 22

efect agonisti α1 pe teritoriu cutanat+ mucos+ splahnic

Answer 22

vasoconstrictie

Question 23

efect agonisti α1 pe uter+ vezica+ prostata

Answer 23

cresc motilitate uterina
contractie sfincter vezical+ prostata => retentie urinara

Question 24

efect agonisti α1 splina

Answer 24

contracta capsula splina

Question 25

efect agonisti α1 ocular

Answer 25

• midriaza- contractie muschi radiar iris
• scade pres IO prin favorizare drenare umoare apoasa

Question 26

efect agonisti α1 gl salivare

Answer 26

E recept si pe cel secretorii si pe mioepiteliale
- contractie cel mioepiteliale din jur acini secr
- stim secretie salivara

Question 27

efect agonisti α1 pe gl sudoripare

Answer 27

stim secretie gl sudoripare apocrine palme
+ piloerectie

Question 28

efect agonisti α1 nivel cardiac

Answer 28

creste forta contractie miocardica

Question 29

efect agonisti α1 metabolic

Answer 29

favorizare glicogenoliza+ gluconeogeneza