Lower + Upper Limb Anatomy

Question 1

What is the role of the ACL?

Answer 1

Prevents abnormal internal rotation of the tibia.

Question 2

What is the role of the PCL?

Answer 2

Prevents hyperextension and anterior translation of the femur.

Question 3

What is the role of the MCL?

Answer 3

Resists valgus force.

Question 4

What is the role of the LCL?

Answer 4

Resists varus force and abnormal external rotation of the tibia.

Question 5

Which nerve is damaged to cause Trendelenburg’s Gait?

Answer 5

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 6

Which muscles form the superficial muscle group?

Answer 6

Gluteus maximus, gluteas medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia latae

Question 7

Which muscles make up the deep muscle group?

Answer 7

Piriformis, obturator internus, gemelli and quadratus femoris

Question 8

What is the function of the deep muscle group?

Answer 8

Laterally rotate the thigh

Stabilise the hip

Question 9

What is the function of the superficial muscle group?

Answer 9

Extensors, abductors and medial rotators of the thigh

Question 10

Which nerve innervates the deep muscle group?

Answer 10

Sacral plexus

Question 11

Which nerves innervate the superficial muscle group?

Answer 11

Gluteal nerves

Question 12

At which levels does the sciatic nerve lie?

Answer 12

L4-S3

Question 13

At which levels does the pudendal nerve lie?

Answer 13

S2-S4

Question 14

At which level does the cutaneous nerve of the thigh lie?

Answer 14

S1–S3

Question 15

Where does the sciatic nerve exit?

Answer 15

Inferior to the piriformis

Question 16

What does the sciatic nerve supply in the gluteal region?

Answer 16

Nothing

Question 17

Name the nerve branches that the sciatic nerve splits into?

Answer 17

Tibial nerve

Common fibular nerve

Question 18

Name the contents of the femoral triangle.

Answer 18

femoral nerve

femoral artery

femoral vein

lymphatics

Question 19

Which part of the femoral triangle is not contained within the femoral sheath?

Answer 19

Femoral nerve

Question 20

What is the name of the fascia that surrounds important structures?

Answer 20

Investing fascia

Question 21

Name the addcutors of the thigh.

Answer 21

Adductor longus

Adductor brevis

Adductor magnus

Gracilis

Obturator externus

Question 22

Which nerve innverates the adductors of the thigh?

Answer 22

Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Question 23

Which nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 23

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Question 24

Which nerve supplies the lateal compartment of the leg

Answer 24

Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 25

Which type of joint is the hip joint?

Answer 25

Synovial joint

Question 26

Which arteries supply the hip bone?

Answer 26

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries Artery to head of femur

Question 27

From which artery do the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries derive from?

Answer 27

deep femoral artery

Question 28

Which type of joint is the knee joint?

Answer 28

Hinge

Question 29

What is the main movement of the knee?

Answer 29

Flexion-extension

Question 30

Which structures surround the quadranglular space?

Answer 30

Humerus Long Head of Triceps Brachii Teres Minor Teres Major

Question 31

What does the axaillary nerve supply?

Answer 31

Teres minor - lateral rotator of the arm Deltoid muscle - abductor of the arm The 'badge patch area'

Question 32

Which nerve could be damaged by an anterior dislocation of the shoulder?

Answer 32

Axillary nerve

Question 33

Which muscles does the radial nerve innervate?

Answer 33

Tricpes brachii Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Supinator All other muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm

Question 34

Which nerve could be injured in a mid-shaft fracture of the humerus?

Answer 34

Radial nerve

Question 35

What is wrist drop a sign of?

Answer 35

Injury to the radial nerve

Question 36

Which nerve runs within the cubital fossa?

Answer 36

Median nerve

Question 37

Which muscles of the hand does the median nerve supply?

Answer 37

first 2 Lumbircals Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 38

Which muscles of the forearm does the ulnar nerve supply?

Answer 38

Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 39

Which muscle flexes the PIP joints of digits 2-5?

Answer 39

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 40

Which muscle flexes the DIP joints of digits 2-5?

Answer 40

Flexor digitorum profundus

Question 41

Which muscle flexes the thumb?

Answer 41

Flexor pollicis longus

Question 42

Which nerve supplies the thenar eminence?

Answer 42

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

Question 43

Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 43

Median nerve

Question 44

Which fingers are numb in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 44

Lateral 3 1/2 fingers

Question 45

Which muscles are weakened in carpal tunnel syndrome?`

Answer 45

Thenar msucles

Question 46

What is a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 46

Pregnancy

Question 47

Name the five main branches of the brachial plexus.

Answer 47

Musculocutaneous nerve Median nerve Ulnar nerve Axillary nerve Radial nerve

Question 48

What is a sign of a proximal lesion to the median nerve?

Answer 48

Hand of Benediction

Question 49

Name the branches of the ulnar nerve in rhe forearm.

Answer 49

Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar half of the flexor digitorum profundus

Question 50

Which lumbricals in the hand does the ulnar nerve supply?

Answer 50

Medial two lumbricals