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ANATOMY 1 > Lower limb regions and special formations > Flashcards

Lower limb regions and special formations Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteal region

A 
BORDERS:
sup: iliac crest
lat: greater trochanter
inf: gluteal sulcus
SKIN INNERVATION:
superior, middle, inferior cluenal nerves
CONTENT:
inferior gluteal a/n/v
suprapiriform and infrapiriform hiatus
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2
Q

Suprapiriformis hiatus

A

CONTENT:

superior gluteal artery, vein and nerve

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3
Q

Infrapiriformis hiatus

A 
CONTENT:
inferior gluteal artery, vein and nerve
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
pudendal nerve
internal pudendal artery
sciatic nerve
Companion artery
Nerve to Quadriceps femoris and nerve to obturator internus
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4
Q

Subinginal region

A 
BORDERS:
sup: line along inguinal ligaments
lat: line from ASIS
inf: line along gluteal sulcus
med: vertical line from pubic tubercle
SKIN INNERVATION:
anterior femoral cutaneous nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
ilioinguinal nerve
LIGAMENTS:
inguinal, lacunar, pectineal
CONTENT: 
cribriform fascia
saphenous hiatus + venous star
Iliopectineal arch with compartments
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5
Q

Venous star

A 
Great saphenous vein
Lateral accessory saphenous vein
Superficial circumflex iliac vein
Superficial epigastric iliac vein
External pudendal veins
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6
Q

Iliopectineal arch compartments

A 
LACUNA MUSCULONERVOSUM:
iliopsoas muscle and femoral nerve
LACUNA VASORUM:
femoral artery, vein
LACUNA LYMPHATICA:
lymph vessels
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7
Q

Femoral canal

A 
extends distally to level of proximal saphenous hiatus
BORDERS:
lat: femoral vein
med&post: pectineus muscle
ant: fascia lata
inlet: femoral ring
outlet: saphenous hiatus
CONTENT:
connective tissue
fat
lymph
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8
Q

Femoral triangle

A 
BORDERS:
sup: inguinal ligament
med: adductor longus
lat: sartorius
floor: iliopsoas, pectineus
roof: fascia lata, cribriform fascia
CONTENT:
femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
deep inguinal lymph nodes
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9
Q

Anterior thigh region

A

BORDERS:
sup: anterior line parallel to gluteal sulcus
lat: line fro greater trochanter to lateral epicondyle
med: line from gluteal cleft to medial epicondyle
inf: above patella
SKIN INNERVATION:
anterior femoral cutaneous nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
obturator nerve
CONTENT:
adductor canal

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10
Q

Adductor canal

A 
BORDERS: 
roof +lat: sartorial, vasto-adductor membrane
floor+med: adductor magnus, adductor longus
outlet: adductor hiatus
inlet: femoral triangle
CONTENT:
femoral artery and vein
saphenous nerve
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11
Q

Posterior thigh region

A

BORDERS:
sup: gluteal line
lat: line from greater trochanter to lateral epicondyle
inf: above popliteal sulcus
med: line fro gluteal cleft to medial epicondyle
SKIN INNERVATION:
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
CONTENT:
sciatic nerve- common peroneal and tibial

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12
Q

Anterior Genicular region

A 
BORDERS:
sup: above patella
lat: line along lateral epicondyle
inf: below patella
med: line along medial epicondyle
SKIN INNERVATION:
anterior femoral cutaneous nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
obturator nerve
saphenous nerve
CONTENT:
descending genicular artery
greater saphenous vein
saphenous nerve
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13
Q

Popliteal region

A 
BORDERS: 
sup: above popliteal sulcus
lat: line along lateral epicondyle
inf: below popliteal sulcus
med: line along medial epicondyle
SKIN INNERVATION:
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
lateral and medial sural cutaneous nerve
CONTENT:
popliteal fossa
lesser saphenous vein
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14
Q

Popliteal fossa

A 
BORDERS:
base: popliteus muscle
sup/med: semitendinosus, semimembranosus
sup/lat: beiceps femoris muscle
inf/med: medial head of gastrocnemius
inf/lat: lateral head of gastrocnemius
CONTENT:
popliteal artery and vein
tibial nerve
common peroneal nerve
fat and lymph
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15
Q

Anterior crural region

A 
BORDERS:
sup: below patella
lat: line along lateral epicondyle and malleolus
inf: line connecting medial and lateral malleoli
med: line along medial epicondyle to malleolus
SKIN INNERVATION:
lateral sural nerve
saphenous nerve
obturator nerve
superficial peroneal nerve
CONTENT:
greater saphenous vein
superficial peroneal nerve
deep peroneal nerve
anterior tibial artery
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16
Q

Posterior Crural region

A 
BORDERS:
sup: below popliteal sulcus
lat: line along lateral epicondyle to malleolus
inf: line connecting malleoli
med: line along medial epicondyle to malleolus
SKIN INNERVATION:
medial and lateral sural cutaneous nerve
sural nerve
saphenous nerve
CONTENT:
lesser saphenous vein
achilles tendon
anterior/posterior tibial and peroneal artery
17
Q

Medial Malleolar region

A 
BORDERS: between medial malleolus and calcaneus
SKIN INNERVATION: saphenous nerve
CONTENT: 
greater saphenous vein
saphenous nerve
posterior tibial artery and vein
tibial nerve
18
Q

Lateral Malleolar region

A

BORDERS: between lateral malleolus and calcaneus
SKIN INNERVATION: sural nerve
CONTENT:
lesser saphenous vein
sural nerve - lateral dorsal cutaneous & lateral calcaneal
peroneal artery

19
Q

Plantar Region

A 
BORDERS:
post: calcaneus
ant: root of toes
SKIN INNERVATION:
medial and lateral plantar nerve
CONTENT:
plantar aponeurosis
medial plantar nerve, artery and vein (medial 7 toe side)
lateral plantar nerve,, artery and vein (lateral 3 toes sides)
deep plantar arch
20
Q

Layers of sole of foot

A

LAYER 1: flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, abductor digiti minimi
LAYER 2: flexor digitorum longus, 4 lumbricals, quadratus plantae, flexor hallucis longus, lateral and medial plantar artery, nerve and vein
LAYER 3: adductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digiti minimi brevis
LAYER 4: interosseous muscles, peroneus longus, long plantar ligament, plantar arterial arch

21
Q

Dorsalis Pedis Region

A

BORDERS:
post: line connecting malleoli
ant: root of ties
SKIN INNERVATION:
lateral dorsal cutaneous branch of rural nerve (lat. 0,5 toe)
Intermediate dorsal cutaneous branch of superficial peroneal nerve (medial 0,5 small toe, 3rd,4th, lat 0,5 2nd)
Dorsal digital branch of deep peroneal nerve (flipflop)
Medial dorsal cutaneous branch of superficial peroneal nerve (medial 0,5 of big toe)
CONTENT:
dorsal venous plexus of foot
extensor retinaculum
dorsalis pedis artery
arcuate artery

22
Q

Stabilizing muscles in the foot

A

Stirrup: peroneus longus, tibialis anterior
Medial sling: tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior
Lateral sling: peroneus tertius, peroneus brevis

23
Q

Layers of sole of the foot

A
  1. abductor digiti minimi, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis
  2. flexor hallucis longus, glexor digitorum longus, lumbricals, quadratus plantae
  3. flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis
  4. 3plantar and 4 dorsal interosseus muscles
24
Q

Measurements of pelvis

A 
INLET:
- median: 11,5-12cm
- oblique: 11,5-12,5 cm
- transverse: 13,5-14cm
CAVITY:
- median: 12cm
- oblique: 13cm
- transverse: 12cm
OUTLET:
- median: 9,5 + 2cm
- transverse: 10-11 cm

ANATOMY 1 (14 decks)

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