Lower limb joints

Question 1

Sacroiliac joint

Answer 1

composed of anterior synovial joint + posterior syndesmosis

LIGAMENTS: anterior sacroiliac, posterior sacroiliac, interossious sacroiliac, sacrotuberous, sacrospinous

Question 2

Pubic symphysis

Answer 2

Ficrocartilagineous interpubic disc

LIGAMENTS: superior pubis, inferior pubic

Question 3

Lumbrosacral Joint

Answer 3

3joints: anterior intervertebral, posterior 2 Zygophysial
LIGAMENTS: iliolumbar ligaments

Question 4

Hip Joint

Answer 4

TYPE: ball&socket
SPECIAL: fibrocartilage acetabular lip, hyaline cartilage
LIGAMENTS: zona orbicularis, iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral, ligament of head of femur
BURSAE: iliopectineal, ocbturator externus, obturator internus, gluteus maximus, medius, minimus
MOVEMENTS: anteversion(130)/retroversion(15-45), abduction(50-80)/adduction(10-30), lat rotation(15-60)/ med rotation (30-40)
BLOOD SUPPLY: medial and lateral circumflex femoral a, artery to head of femur
NERVE SUPPLY: femoral, obturator, superior gluteal n

Question 5

Knee joint

Answer 5

TYPE: trochoginglymus (hinge+rotation)
SPECIAL: external fibrous layer, inner synovial layer, medial and lateral meniscus
LIGAMENTS:
-extracapsular: patellar, tibial collateral, fibular collateral, oblique popliteal, arcuate popliteal
-intraarticular: anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
BURSAE: suprapatellar, popliteus, anserine, gastrocnemius, semimembranosus, subcutaneous prepatellar, subcutaneous infrapatellar, deep infrapatellar
MOVEMENTS: flexion(130)/extension(180), lat rotation(40-60)/medial rotation(10)
BLOOD SUPPLY: periarticular genicular anastomosis
NERVE SUPPLY: femoral, tibial, common fibular n

Question 6

Superior tibiofibular joints

Answer 6

TYPE: plane
LIGAMENTS: anterior/posterior fibular head
BLOOD SUPPLY: inferior lateral genicular, anterior tibial recurrent a
NERVE SUPPLY: common fibular nerve

Question 7

Tibiofibular Syndesmosis

Answer 7

TYPE: compund fibrous joint
LIGAMENTS: anterior, interossious and posterior tibiofibular
BLOOD SUPPLY: fibular a, medial malleolar branches
NERVE SUPPLY: deep fibular, tibial, saphenous n

Question 8

Talocrural Joint (ankle)

Answer 8

TYPE: hinge
LIGAMENTS:
lateral collateral: anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular.
medial collateral: tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, anterior and posterior tibiotalar
MOVEMENTS: dorsiflexion(25-45)/plantarflexion(30-60)
BLOOD SUPPLY: fibular, anterior&posterior tibial a
NERVE SUPPLY: tibial and deep fibular n

Question 9

Subtalar Joint

Answer 9

TYPE: pivot
LIGAMENTS: medial/lateral talocalcaneal, posterior talocalcaneal, interossious talocalcaneal
MOVEMENTS: Inversion(30)/eversion(30)
BLOOD SUPPLY: posterior tibial & fibular a
NERVE SUPPLY: medial/lateral plantar n, deep fibular, sural n

Question 10

Talocalcaneonavicular Joint

Answer 10

TYPE: plane + ball&socket = pivot
LIGAMENTS: bifurcate
MOVEMENTS: inversion(30)/eversion(30)
BLOOD SUPPLY: anterior tibial a
NERVE SUPPLY: medial/lateral plantar, deep fibular, sural nerve

Question 11

Calcaneocuboid, Intercuneiform, Cuneonavicular, Cubeocuboid Joints

Answer 11

TYPE: plane
LIGAMENTS:
dorsal tarsal: dorsal intercuneiform, cuneocuboid, cuboiceonavicular, cuneonavicular
Plantar tarsal: long plantar, plantar calcanenavicular, calcaneocuboid, cuneonavicular, intercuneiform, cuneocuboid
BLOOD SUPPLY: anterior tibial a
NERVE SUPPLY: lateral/medial plantar, deep fibular, sural

Question 12

Tarsometatarsal Joints

Answer 12

TYPE: plane
LIGAMENTS: dorsal/plantar and tarsometatarsal
BLOOD SUPPLY: anterior tibial a
NERVE SUPPLY: medial/lateral plantar, deep fibular, sural

Question 13

Intermetatarsal Joints

Answer 13

TYPE: plane
LIGAMENTS: dorsal/plantar and interossious tarsometatarsal
BLOOD SUPPLY: lateral metatarsal a
NERVE SUPPLY: digital nerves

Question 14

Metatarsophalangeal Joints

Answer 14

TYPE: ball&socket
LIGAMENTS: collatrals, plantar
MOVEMENTS: flexion(40)/extension(55), abduction/adduction
BLOOD SUPPLY: lateral metatarsal a
NERVE SUPPLY: digital nerves

Question 15

Interphalangeal Joints

Answer 15

TYPE: hinge
LIGAMENTS: collaterals, plantar
MOVEMENTS: flexion(40)/extension(55)
BLOOD SUPPLY: plantar arch
NERVE SUPPLY: digital nerves