Joints of Upper limb

Question 1

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 1

TYPE: Ball and socket
SPECIAL: Articular disk
LIGAMENTS: ant. & post. sternoclavicular, interclavicular, costoclavicular
MOVEMENTS: elevation/depression(60), Forward/backward rotation, Protraction/Retraction(30), circumduction
BLOOD SUPPLY: internal thoracic, suprascapular a
NERVE SUPPLY: supraclavicular n

Question 2

Acromioclavicular joint

Answer 2

TYPE: plane/ limited ball&socket
SPECIAL: incomplete articular disk
LIGAMENTS: acromioclavicular, coracoclavicular, coracoacromial
MOVEMENTS: protract/retract, elevate/depress, tip, upward/downward rotation
BLOOD SUPPLY: suprascapular, thoracoacromial a
NERVE SUPPLY: supraclavicular, axillary n

Question 3

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 3

TYPE: ball&socket
SPECIAL: 3:1 ratio, fibrocartilage glenoid labrum
LIGAMENTS: coracohumeral, glenohumeral, transverse humeral, coracoacromial
BURSAE: subscapular, subacromial
MOVEMENTS: anteversion(90)/retroversion(40), abduction(90)/adduction, outward(60)/inward rotation(70)
BLOOD SUPPLY: ant and post circumflex humeral a
NERVE SUPPLY: suprascapular, axillary, lateral pectoral n

Question 4

Elbow joint

Answer 4

TYPE: hinge (+ball&socket)
SPECIAL: hyaline cartilage
LIGAMENTS: lateral &medial collateral, annular
BURSAE: intratendinous olecranon, subtendinous olecranon, subcutaneous olecranon, bicipitoradial
MOVEMENTS: flexion/extension
BLOOD SUPPLY: anastomosis between radial, ulnar, brachial arteries
NERVE SUPPLY: musculocutaneous, radial, ulnar

Question 5

Proximal radioulnar joint

Answer 5

TYPE: pivot
LIGAMENTS: annular ligament of head of radius
MOVEMENT: supinaton/pronation
BLOOD SUPPLY: periarticular arterial anastomosis
NERVE SUPPLY: musculocutaneous, median, radial

Question 6

Distal radioulnar joint

Answer 6

TYPE: pivot
SPECIAL: articular disk
LIGAMENTS: anterior and posterior radioulnar
MOVEMENTS: supination/pronation
BLOOD SUPPLY: anterior and posterior interossious a
NERVE SUPPLY: an and post interosseous n

Question 7

Radiocarpal joint

Answer 7

Type: ellipsoid/condyloid
LIGAMENTS: palmar and dorsal radiocarpal, ulnar collateral, radial collateral
MOVEMENTS: palmarflexion(60-90)/dorsiflexion(40-90), adduction(35-40)/abduction(25-30)
BLOOD SUPPLY: dorsal and palmar carpal a
NERVE SUPPLY: median, radial and ulnar n

Question 8

Intercarpal joints

Answer 8

TYPE: plane
LIGAMENTS: dorsal/palmar intercarpal, interossious intercarpal, pisohamate, radiate carpal
MOVEMENTS: gliding, palmarflexion/dorsiflexion
BLOOD SUPPLY: dorsal and palmar carpal arches
NERVE SUPPLY: dorsal/deep ulnar

Question 9

Carpometacarpal and intermetacarpal joints

Answer 9

TYPE: plane (saddle in thumb)
LIGAMENTS: palmar/dorsal CMC, pisometacarpal, palamr/dorsal IM, interossious IM
MOVEMENTS: thumb: abduction(35-40)/adduction, opposition/reposition
BLOOD SUPPLY: dorsal/palmar carpal arches, deep palmar arch, MC a
NERVE SUPPLY: median, radial, ulnar n

Question 10

Metacarpophalangeal joints

Answer 10

TYPE: spheroidal/ball&socket
LIGAMENTS: collaterals, palmar, superficial and deep transverse metacarpal, extensor hood
MOVEMENTS: flexion(90)/extension(20), abduction(40)/adduction, circumduction, (1st mp of thumb only flexion/extension)
BLOOD SUPPLY: deep digital a
NERVE SUPPLY: digital nerves

Question 11

Interphalangeal joints

Answer 11

TYPE: hinge
LIGAMENTS: collaterals, palmar
MOVEMENTS: flexion(90-110)/extension(5)
BLOOD SUPPLY: deep digital a
NERVE SUPPLY: digital n