Lower limb - neurovascular structures

Question 1

Femoral triangle (borders and contents)

Answer 1

Contents (medial to lateral) - femoral vein, artery, nerve

Borders - Inguinal ligament, satorius, adductor longus

• Femoral cancal lies most medially for lymphatics but is not part of the femoral triangle

Question 2

Subsartorial canal

Answer 2

Contains femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve (cutaneous branch of femoral nerve)

• From apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus
• As vasculature exit the canal they become the popliteal artery and veins

Question 3

Innervation of lower limb (main nerves)

Answer 3

• Sciatic nerve - from lumbar plexus (L4-S3), dividing into:
  Tibial nerve - divides to plantar nerves
  common fibular nerve - divides to superficial and deep fibular
• femoral nerve - from lumbar plexus (L2-L4)
• obturator nerve - from lumbar plexus (L2-L4)

Question 4

Arterial supply of lower limb

Answer 4

Femoral artery - continuation of external iliac
- gives off profound femoris

• Femoral artery gives off popliteal artery as it exits adductor hiatus
• Popliteal artery gives off anterior tibial and tibioperoneal trunk - which bifurcates into posterior tibial and fibular artery

Question 5

venous drainage of lower limb - superficial

Answer 5

Great saphenous - medial leg and thigh before terminating inferiorly to inguinal ligament into femoral vein

Short saphenous - courses posterior leg into popliteal vein

Dorsal venous arch

• Superficial veins drain into deep veins

Question 6

Venous drainage of lower limb - deep

Answer 6

External iliac, femoral, popliteal, anterior tibial, fibular and posterior tibial,

Question 7

Femoral nerve

Question 8

Obturator nerve

Question 9

Sciatic nerve

Answer 9

Branches: tibial and common fibular

Common fibular: Deep and superficial fibular