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Anatomy > Lower limb - Hip > Flashcards

Lower limb - Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the hip?

A

Ischium
Ilium
Pubis

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2
Q

What type of joint is the hip?

A

Synovial ball and socket

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3
Q

Why is the hip more stable than the shoulder joint?

A

Deeper socket and less mobile

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4
Q

What is teh acetabular labrum?

A

A ring of fibrocartilage cartilage that stabilises the head of femur
Covers the acerebulum

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5
Q

What are the three main ligaments of the hip joint?

A

Iliofemoral ligament
Ishiofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament

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6
Q

What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?

A

Prevents hyperextension of the hup joint

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7
Q

What is the function of the pubofemoral ligament?

A

Prevents hyper abduction of the hip joint

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8
Q

What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament?

A

Prevesents hyperextension as well

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9
Q

What makes up the articulating surface of the hip joint?

A

Pelvic acetabulum

Head of femur

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10
Q

What movements can occur at the hip?

A 
Extension
Flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Lateral rotation
Medial rotation
Circumduction
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11
Q

What are the main flexors of the hip?

A 
Illiacous
Psoas major
Pectinus
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
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12
Q

What is the chief flexor of the thigh?

A

Illiacus

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13
Q

Which two muscles make up the ilipsoas muscle?

A

Illiacus

Psoas major

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14
Q

Where does the iliacus muscule originate?

A

Iliac fossa of the pelvis

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15
Q

Where does the psoas major and the iliacus attach?

A

Lesser trochonter of thigh

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve

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17
Q

What is the innervation of the psoas major?

A

Anterior rami of L1-L3

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18
Q

What are the main extensors of the hip

A

Gleutus maximus (stairs, standing from sitting)
Hamstrings
Posterior part of the adductor magnus

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19
Q

What are the main muscles of hip adduction?

A 
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Obturator
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20
Q

What are the main abductors of the hip?

A 
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Deep gluteal muscles:
   Piriforims
   Obturator interus
   Gemelli muscles
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21
Q

What are the main muscles responsible for internal (medial) rotation of the hip?

A

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia latae

22
Q

Which muscles are responsible for external (lateral) rotation of the hip?

A 
Biceps femoris
Gluteus maximus
Deep gluteal muscles
Piriformis
Obturator
Gemilli
Quadratus femoris
23
Q

Which sciatic foramen is the route for structures leaving or entering the pelvis?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

24
Q

Which sciatic foramen is the route for structures entering or leaving the perineum?

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

25
Q

What ligaments create the sciatic foramen from sciatic notches?

A

Posterior sacroiliac ligament
Sacrospinous ligament
Sacrotuberous ligament

26
Q

What muscles make up the superficial gluteal layer?

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus medius

27
Q

What muscles make up the deep gluteal leayer?

A

Piriformis
Obturator internus
Superior and inferior gemelli
Quadratus femoris

28
Q

What nerve innervates the gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (l5-S2)

29
Q

What nerve innervates the gluteus medius?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

30
Q

What nerve innervates the gluteus minimus?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

31
Q

Which two gluteal muscles are attached to the iliotibial tract?

A

Gluteus maximus

Tensor facia latae

32
Q

What are the actions of gluteus maximus?

A

Extension of hip

Lateral rotation of hip

33
Q

Which nerve innervates the tensor fascia latae?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

34
Q

What is the action of gluteus medius?

A

Abduction of hip

Medial rotation of hip

35
Q

What is the action of gluteus minimus?

A

Abduction of hip

Medial rotation of hip

36
Q

What is the action of tensor fascia latae?

A

Abduction of hip

Medial rotation of hip

37
Q

What is the action of the deep gluteal muscles?

A

External rotation of the hip

38
Q

Anterior to what muscle does the sacral plexus emerge?

A

Piriformis

39
Q

What nerve roots make up the sacral plexus?

A

L4-S4

40
Q

What are the two main nerves of the sacral plexus?

A

Sciatic nerve

Pudenal nerve

41
Q

What are the other branches to the sarcal plexus?

A 
Piriformis nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Quadratus femoris nerve
Obturator internus nerve
Pudenal nerve (genitals)
Levator an and coccygenus nerve
42
Q

Where does the rectus femoris originate?

A

Ilium, superior to acetabulum

43
Q

Where does the rectus femoris attach?

A

The platella

44
Q

Where does the sartorius muscle originate?

A

Anterior superior illiac spine

45
Q

Where does the sartorius attach?

A

Superior medial surface of the tibia

46
Q

Where does the pectineus originate?

A

Pectineal line of anterior surface of pelvis

47
Q

Where does the pectineus attach?

A

Posterior surface of the femur, inferior to lesser trochonter

48
Q

What is the innervation of the pectineus muscle?

A

Femoral nerve

Obturator nerve

49
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus maximus?

A

Posterior surface of ilium, sacrum and coccyx

50
Q

What is teh attachment of the gluteus maximus?

A

Ilitotibial tract

Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Anatomy (34 decks)

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