Lower Limb

Question 1

Longest and strongest bone of the body

Answer 1

Femur

Question 2

Femoral head is covered with cartilage apart from a central pit called _______, where the ligamentum teres is attached

Answer 2

Fovea

Question 3

Blood supply of femoral head

Answer 3

Vessels in the cancellous bone from the shaft
Vessels in the capsule of the hip joint, which reach head in synovial folds along the neck
Negligible supply via the fovea from vessels in the ligamentum teres

Question 4

Ridge posterior to the shaft of femur

Answer 4

Linea aspera

Question 5

Line between greater and lesser trochanter located anteriorly

Answer 5

Intertrochanteric line

Question 6

Posterior line between greater and lesser trochanter

Answer 6

Intertrochanteric crest

Question 7

Lower end of femur is expanded into two prominent condyles united anteriorly as the patellar surface by separated posteriorly by

Answer 7

Deep intercondylar notch

Question 8

Above the articular surface on the lateral side of femur is a small depression that marks the origin of what muscle

Answer 8

Popliteus muscle

Question 9

Line along the inferior margin of the neck of the femur forms a continuous arc with the superior and medial margin of the obturator foramen of the pelvis is called ______
This line is disrupted in congenital dislocation of hip

Answer 9

Shenton’s line

Question 10

Sesamoid bone called _______ is frequently seen in lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle.
On radiographs, this is projected on the posterior aspect of the lateral femoral condyle

Answer 10

Fabella

Question 11

What specific type of femoral neck fracture disrupts blood supply in the head of femur which leads to ischemic necrosis

Answer 11

Subcapital fracture

Question 12

Sesamoid bone in the quadriceps tendon that continuous at its apex as the ligamentum patellae

Answer 12

Patella

Question 13

Wiberg type of patella in which the medial and lateral articular facets are equal in size and dimension

Answer 13

Type 1

Question 14

Type of patella in which the lateral facet is slightly larger than the medial facet

Answer 14

Type 2

Question 15

Type of patella in which lateral facet is dominant and medial facet is atretic and redundant

Answer 15

Type 3

Question 16

Patellofemoral alignment is routinely achieved using what position

Answer 16

Skyline position

Question 17

Patellofemoral tracking is best achieved in this view, in weightbearing and in varying degrees of flexion and extension

Answer 17

Merchant view

Question 18

Prominent oblique ridge in the posterior surface of the tibial shaft

Answer 18

Soleal line

Question 19

Mainly a site of origin of muscles in the leg and has no weightbearing function

Answer 19

Fibula

Question 20

Insertion of biceps femoris

Answer 20

Head of fibula with styloid process

Question 21

Calcaneofibular ligament is attached to its tip

Answer 21

Lateral malleolus

Question 22

Fibula is proportionately thicker in adults or children?

Answer 22

Children

Question 23

Superior articular surface of talus

Answer 23

Trochleae surface

Question 24

Neck groove of talus

Answer 24

Sulcus tali

Question 25

Sulcus tali and sulcus calcanei forms the

Answer 25

Sinus tarsi

Question 26

Head of talus articulates with

Answer 26

Navicular

Question 27

Inferior surface of talus has a large facet posteriorly for articulation with

Answer 27

Calcaneus

Question 28

True or false: talus has no muscular attachment

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Largest tarsal bone

Answer 29

Calcaneus

Question 30

Calcaneus is irregularly cuboidal in shape with a shelf-like process anteromedially to support the talus, known as the

Answer 30

Sustentaculum tali

Question 31

Medial arch of foot is formed by the

Answer 31

Calcaneus, talus, cuneiforms and first 3 metatarsal bones

Question 32

Lateral arch of foot is formed by the

Answer 32

Calcaneus, cuboid and fourth to fifth metatarsals

Question 33

Angle between a line drawn from the posterior end to anterior end of its superior articular facet and a second line from the latter point to the posterosuperior border of calcaneus

Answer 33

Boehler’s critical angle

Question 34

Normal Boehler’s angle

Answer 34

30-35 degrees

Question 35

Measured on lateral radiograph of calcaneus between calcaneal tuberosity posteroinferiorly and skin surface

Answer 35

Heel pad thickness

Question 36

Normal thickness of heel-pad thickness

Answer 36

21 mm in females | 23 mm in males

Question 37

Tendon that is attached to the styloid process of base of fifth metatarsal

Answer 37

Peroneus brevis tendon

Question 38

Angle measured between a line along the inferior border of the os calcis and a line along the inferior border of the first metatarsal

Answer 38

Medial longitudinal arch angle

Question 39

Medial longitudinal arch normally measures

Answer 39

115 to 125 degrees

Question 40

Medial longitunal arch angle measurement which is a marker of pes cavus and posterior column neurological insult

Answer 40

Greater than 125 degrees

Question 41

Medial longitudinal arch angle measurement of _____ is a marker of pes planus and in the aquired form is usually a marker of disruption of aponeurosis or tibialis posterior tendon

Answer 41

Less than 125 degrees

Question 42

Calcanum and talus ossify in what month

Answer 42

6th fetal month

Question 43

Tarsal bone ossified at birth

Answer 43

Cuboid

Question 44

Cuneiforms and navicular ossify when

Answer 44

Between 1 and 3 years of age

Question 45

Approximately 90% of tarsal coalitions involve the

Answer 45

Talocalcaneal or calcaneonavicular joints

Question 46

Horseshoe shaped articular surface on acetabulum, deepened by the acetabular labrum

Answer 46

Fovea

Question 47

An anterior thickening of the capsule between the anteroinferior iloac spine and rhe neck of the femur to the intertrochanteric line

Answer 47

Iliofemoral ligament

Question 48

Posterior thickening of the hip capsule

Answer 48

Ischiofemoral ligament

Question 49

Thickening of the hip capsule inferiorly

Answer 49

Pubofemoral ligament

Question 50

Bridges the acetabular notch

Answer 50

Transverse acetabular ligament

Question 51

Lies between the central non-articular part of the acetabulum and the fovea of the head of femur

Answer 51

Ligamentum teres

Question 52

Acetabular angle is normally

Answer 52

15 to 35 degrees

Question 53

Iliac angle is normally

Answer 53

44-74 degrees

Question 54

Line along the inferior margin of the femoral neck and along the superior and lateral margins of rhe obturator foramen of the pelvis

Answer 54

Shenton’s line

Question 55

Continuation of the superior margin of superior pubic ramus superiorly forms the

Answer 55

Iliopectineal line

Question 56

Visualization of the anterior or posterior margins of the acetabulum may be enhanced by

Answer 56

Oblique or judet view