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pharm block 4 > lower GI > Flashcards

lower GI Flashcards

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1
Q

drugs to induce remission in IBD

A

aminosalicylates and steroids

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2
Q

drugs for maintenance in IBD

A

aminosalicylates and thiopurines

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3
Q

drugs for refractory disease in IBD

A

cyclosporine and infliximab

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4
Q

MOA of aminosalicylates

A

block arachidonic acid metabolism to decrease inflammation

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5
Q

need to avoid sulfasalazine if what 2 allergies

A

sulfa or aspirin

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6
Q

need to avoid melamine if what allergy

A

aspirin

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7
Q

unique ADR of aminosalicylates

A

bone marrow suppression

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8
Q

MOA of thiopurines

A

inhibit purine synthesis and induce apoptosis of T cells

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9
Q

2 agents in thiopurine class

A

azathioprine and 6-MP

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10
Q

ADR of thiopurines

A

neutropenia and bone marrow suppression

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11
Q

MOA of cyclosporine

A

inhibits calcineurin to interfere with T cell transduction

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12
Q

ADR of cyclosporine

A

nephrotoxic
neurotoxic
hypertension

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13
Q

ADR of infliximab

A

reactivation of TB or HBV, leukemia, lymphoma

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14
Q

ability of methotrexate to do what is why they are useful in crohn’s disease

A

reduces IL production

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15
Q

which type of laxative “stimulates the natural mechanism”

A

bulking agents- soluble fiber

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16
Q

MOA of stool softener

A

anionic surfactant that facilitates mixing of aqueous and fatty substances

17
Q

role of stool softener

A

used only for prophylaxis

18
Q

type of laxative used for acute evacuation

A

saline osmotic laxatives (magnesium, phosphate)

19
Q

drug of choice for opioid induced constipation

A

anthraquinones (senna)

20
Q

MOA of lubiprostone and linaclotide

A

increase intraluminal fluid and subsequent bowel movements by increasing secretion of Chloride and bicarbonate ions

21
Q

m/c and efective OTC agent for diarrhea

A

loperamide

22
Q

lomotil =

A

diphenoxylate + atropine

23
Q

how does bismuth subsalicylate treat diarrhea

A

antisecretory

24
Q

MOA of antispasmodics

A

induce smooth mm relaxation via anticholinergic effects

25
Q

MOA of TCAs for diarrhea

A

strong anticholinergic effects

26
Q

MOA of alosteron

A

5HT3 antagonist

27
Q

black box warning for alosteron

A

ischemic colitis

28
Q

ideal mix for ORS

A

low glucose, moderate Na

pharm block 4 (7 decks)

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