Lower GI Flashcards
Colonoscopy
Before
Bowel prep(all poop out)
Avoid fiber 72 hrs prior
Clear or full liquid 24 hrs prior
Keep NPO 8 hr prior.
Local anesthesia throat spray
Needs ride/driverBowel prep
Colonoscopy
After
After
Abdominal cramping
Post-procedure vital signs
Observe for pain, rectal bleeding, perforation
Malaise
Abdominal distention
Tenesmus(feeling that you need to pass stool, bowels are empty)
Colorectal cancer
a) what is it?
b) s/s?
c) diagnostic?
d) post surgery
a) polyps of the large intestine
b) asymptomatic
But when its symptomatic rectal bleeding occurs=blood in the stool
c) colonoscopy
sigmoidoscopy
d) rectal bleeding
severe abdominal pain
fever
abdominal hemorrhage
perforation(hole)
a) stoma?
b) what color stoma to be?
c) any other color means?
a) A small opening in the abdomen which is used to remove body waste
b) rose, brink red
c) pale, dark red= inadequate blood supply=tissue die
stoma
a) edema?
b) bleeding?
d) mild/moderate is normal initial postop=trauma
but severe edema is an obstruction
e) A small amout is NORMAL when touched
A large amout is NOT normal
Ostomy
a) preope
b) postope
a) Psychological support
(everyone had a different life situation)
b) Assess stoma
Drainage, color, edema
2 inches around stoma skin
Peristalsis stimulates fecal matter(what food makes poop?)
Trend and document output
Clean skin thoroughly and apply a moisture barrier
Dirty or no moisture can cause skin breakdown
ileostomy
a) stool states?
b) irrigation?
c) waht disease need oleostomy?
a) liquied to semi-luquid stool
(pt need more fluid)
b) No irrigation
c) Crohn’s, injury colon
Colostomy
a) stool states?
b) irrigation?
a) further along the colon, the more formed the stoll
ascending–transverse–sigmoid
b) only need irrigation
only NOT need pouch
Diverticulosus
a) causes?
b) manifestations?
Diverticulosus
small pouches but not inflammation yet
Diverticultitis
pouches inflamatated
b) HIGH FIVER! +2L fluid
NO fat and red meat
increase excise
Crohn’s disease
a) where?
b) risk?
c) what is common?
d) S/S?
a) Mouth to anus
can involve any segment of GI tract from mouth
to anus
b) Strongest risk factor is family Hx
c) Fistulas
d) diarrhea and cramping
rectal bleeding
can cause bowel obstruction
an abnormal connection between two body parts, such as an organ or blood vessel and another structure
Ulcerative colitis
a) where?
b) s/s
a) rectum and moves towards cecum
Colon and rectum only
b) bloddy diarrhea
abdominal pain
large fluid and electrolyte losses
sever diarrhea 20 times,lose 10% body weight
A pt is admitted to the ED with acute abdominal pain. Which medical diagnoses should you consider as possible causes of her pain? SATA
a) gastroenteritis
b) Ectopic pregnancy
c) gastrointestinal bleeding
d) irritable bowel syndrome
e) inflammatory bowel disease
a,b,c,d,e
Assessment findings suggestive of peritonitis include? SATA
a) rebound tenderness
b) soft,distended abdominal
c) dull, intermittent abdominal pain
d) shallow respiratory with bradycardia
e) observing that the pt lying still
a,e
redness and swelling (inflammation) of the lining of your belly or abdomen.
In planning care for the pt with Crihn’s disease.the nurse recognize that a major difference between ulcerative colotos and crohn’s is
a) often results in toxix megacolon
b) causes fewer nutritional deficiencytahtn ulcerative colitiis
c) often recurs after surgery,while ulcerative is curbale with a colectomy
d) is manigestated by rectal bleeding and anemia more often thatn UC
c
The nruse perform a detailed assessment of the abdomen of a pt with a possible bowel abstraction. knowing that manifestations of an obstruction in the large intestine are SATA
a) persistent abdominal pain
b) marked abdominal distention
c) diarrhea that is loose or liquid
d) colicy, secure intermittent pain
e) provide vomiting that relies on adnominal pain
a,b
