Lower extremity - thigh

Question 1

superficial fascia is located bn the

Answer 1

skin and deep fascia

Question 2

contents of superficial fascia

Answer 2

fat
cutaneous nerves
superficial veisn

Question 3

what is the largest superficial vein in the lower extremity

Answer 3

great saphenous vein

Question 4

the great saphenous vein travels along what aspect of the LE? drains into what vein

Answer 4

medial aspect

into a deep vein, the femoral vein in anterior thigh

Question 5

name for the deep fascia in the thigh

Answer 5

fascia lata

Question 6

thickening of the fascia lata is called the

Answer 6

iliotibil band (IT Band)
-it's lateral

Question 7

what separates the thigh into 3 compartments (anterior, medial, posterior)

Answer 7

facial invaginations called intermuscular septa

-they arise from the deep aspect of the fascia lata `

Question 8

which compartment of the thigh is the largest

Answer 8

anterior thigh

Question 9

what innervates the anterior thigh

Answer 9

femoral nerve (w one exception of psoas major which is innervated by upper lumbar spinal nerves)

Question 10

what muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh has attachments at the iliac fossa and lesser trochanter

Answer 10

iliacus

Question 11

what muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh has attachments at the lumbar vertebra to lesser trochanter

Answer 11

psoas major

Question 12

what are the muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris

Answer 12

rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius

Question 13

what muscles are the strongest of the hip flexors

Answer 13

iliacus and psoas major (called iliopsoas)

Question 14

what are the attachments of the rectus femoris

Answer 14

AIIS to tibial tuberosity

Question 15

what muscle in the anterior compt of leg attaches from greater trochanter and linea aspera to tibial tuberosity

Answer 15

vastus lateralis

Question 16

what are the attachments of the vastus medialis

Answer 16

intertrochanteric line and linea aspera to tibial tuberosity

Question 17

what muscle attaches from the anterior femoral shaft to tibial tuberosity

Answer 17

vastus intermedius

Question 18

when I say “to tibial tuberosity” for muscles of the quadriceps femoris, what is passed to get there

Answer 18

quadriceps tendon –> patella –> patellar tendon –> tibial tuberosity

Question 19

what is the action of the 4 quadriceps femoris muscles & one exception

Answer 19

knee extension (all) 
hip flexion (rectus femoris)

Question 20

what is the innervation for the psoas major

Answer 20

upper lumbar spinal nerves

Question 21

what is the longest muscle in the body

Answer 21

sartorius

Question 22

what is the sartorius attachment sites

Answer 22

ASIS to medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)

Question 23

actions of the sartorius (hint: sit criss cross apple sauce)

Answer 23

hip flexion
hip abduction
hip external rotation
knee flexion

Question 24

what muscles make the pes anserinus (goose foot)

Answer 24

sartorius
semitendinosus
gracilis

Question 25

how does the femoral nerve enter the Le

Answer 25

by passing deep to inguinal ligament

Question 26

t/f: the femoral nerve has motor innervation to the anterior compartment of the thigh, leg, and foot

Answer 26

FALSE | only thigh, doesn't go below the knee

Question 27

innervation of medial thigh compartment

Answer 27

obturator nerve (exception: pectineus and adductor magnus which have dual innervation)

Question 28

what is the action of all muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh

Answer 28

hip adduction

Question 29

what are the 5 muscles of the medial compt of thigh

Answer 29

``` pectineus adductor longus adductor brevis gracilis adductor magnus ```

Question 30

what are the 7 muscles of the anterior compartment

Answer 30

``` sartorius rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius iliacus psoas major ```

Question 31

what are the attachments of the pectineus muscle

Answer 31

pubic bone to pectineal line

Question 32

what is the dual innervation of pectineus muscle

Answer 32

obturator and femoral nerve

Question 33

what muscle attaches from the pubic bone to proximal linea aspera

Answer 33

adductor brevis

Question 34

what are the attachments for the adductor longus

Answer 34

pubic bone to middle of linea aspera

Question 35

what muscle attaches from the pubic bone to medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)

Answer 35

gracilis

Question 36

what are the attachments of the adductor magnus

Answer 36

pubic bone & ischium TO linea aspera & adductor tubercle

Question 37

what is the dual innervation of adductor magnus

Answer 37

obturator and tibial nerve

Question 38

how does the obturator nerve enter the LE?

Answer 38

by passing throguh the obturator canal

Question 39

t/f obturator nerve has motor branches to medial compt of thigh but not below the knee

Answer 39

true

Question 40

what muscles attachment creates an opening for vessels to pass?

Answer 40

adductor magnus

Question 41

innervation of posterior thigh compartment (smallest compt)

Answer 41

tibial nerve (exception: short head of biceps femoris has diff innervation)

Question 42

what are the 3 muscles of the posterior compt

Answer 42

semitendinosus semimembranous biceps femoris (long and short head)

Question 43

what are the attachments of the semitendinosus

Answer 43

ischial tuberosity to medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)

Question 44

whats the action of the semitendinosus muscle

Answer 44

hip extension | knee flexion

Question 45

what muscle attaches from the ischial tuberosity to fibular head

Answer 45

biceps femoris

Question 46

what is the innervation of the short head and long head of the biceps femoris

Answer 46

long head - tibial nerve | short head - common fibular nerve

Question 47

what is the attachments of semimembranosus

Answer 47

ischial tuberosity to proximal tibia (medial tibial condyle)

Question 48

what is the action of semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris (short and long head)

Answer 48

Semitend, semimembr, and biceps long head: hip extension & knee flexion biceps femoris short head: knee flexion ONLY

Question 49

why does the biceps femoris short head do knee flexion only (i.e. what's the attachments)

Answer 49

linea aspera of femur to fibular head

Question 50

what nerve passes through the gluteal region but doesn't innervate any of the gluteal muscles

Answer 50

sciatic nerve

Question 51

what does the sciatic nerve give rise to

Answer 51

tibial nerve & common fibular nerve

Question 52

does the tibial and common fibular nerve stay in the thigh or pass into the leg

Answer 52

passes into the leg

Question 53

what arteries supply blood to the thigh? which is the major source to the thigh and which is the minor

Answer 53

femoral (major) and obturator (minor) artery

Question 54

what gives rise to the femoral artery

Answer 54

external iliac artery

Question 55

when does the external iliac become the femoral artery

Answer 55

when passes inguinal ligament

Question 56

what gives rise to obturator artery

Answer 56

internal iliac artery