Upper extremity part 2 Flashcards
articulations in the wrist (3)
radiocarpal
midcarpal
distal radioulnar joint
what type of joint is the radiocarpal?
condyloid
what actions does the radiocarpal joint do
wrist flex/extension
wrist ab/adduction
what type of joint is the midcarpal
plane synovial
what action does the midcarpal joint do
gliding motion bn carpals
wrist flex/entend (like radiocarpal)
wrist ab/adduction (like radiocarpal)
what type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?
pivot synovial
what action does distal radioulnar joint do
supination/pronation
what fracture is common for post-menopausal women
colles fracture - dorsal displacement of distal fragment
what are the 2 stabilizing ligaments of the wrist and what do they prevent?
extensor retinaculum (dorsal) flexor retinaculum (ventral, palm) prevent bowstringing of tendons
what nerve travels through the carpal tunnel & therefore causes the muscles it innervates to lose function in carpal tunnel syndrome
median nerve
what are the attachments
innervation
action
of extensor compartment of muscles acting on wrist
-lateral epicondyle of humerus
base of metacarpals
radial nerve (same for posterior arm)
wrist extension
if loss of innervation to radial nerve, what action is hard for patient?
wrist extension
what are the attachments
innervation
action
of flexor compartment of muscles acting on wrist
medial epicondyle of humerus
base of metacarpals
median and ulnar nerve
wrist flexion
wrist abduction occurs as a result of contraction of both the flexor and extensor on what side of the forearm
radial
wrist adduction occurs as a result of contraction of both the flexor and extensor on what side of the forearm
ulnar
from proximal to distal, name the joints of the digits? joint of the thumb?
carpometacarpal
metacarpophalangeal
proximal interphalangeal joint (digits 2-5)
distal interphalangeal joint (digits 2-5)
interphalangeal joint
digits 2-5 move in flexion/extension at what joint(s)
metacarpophalangeal
proximal interphalangeal
distal interphalangeal
abduction/adduction at digits 2-5 occur at what joint(s)
metacarpophalangeal
the thumb moves in ab/adduction at what joint
carpometacarpal
the thumb moves in flex/extension at what joints
CMC
MP
IP
beside flex/ext and ab/adduct what other movement can the thumb do and what joint does it happen it
opposition at CMC
what are non-manipulative prehension patterns that the hand can do
cylindrical grip
hook grip
spherical grip
how do non-manipulative patters happen
from extrinsic muscles of digits contracting
what are manipulative prehension patterns that the hand can do
palmar pinch
lateral pinch
tip to tip pinch
how do manipulative patters happen
from intrinsic muscles in hand contracting
what are the extrinsic digit flexors
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor digitorum superficialis
attachment
movement
innervation
medial epicondyle middle phalanx (i.e. passes PIP joint)
flex PIP joint
median and ulnar nerve
flexor digitorum profundus
attachment
movement
innervation
proximal ulna distal phalanx (crosses DIP)
flex DIP
median and ulnar
the tendons of what muscles are contained within the carpal tunnel
of the extrinsic digit flexors
list the extrinsic digit extensors
extensor digitorum
extensor indicis proprius
extensor digiti minimi
list the extrinsic muscles of thum
flexor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus
what muscles contribute to the anatomical snuff box? what artery passes through it?
entensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis longus
radial artery
what are the intrinsic hand muscles (most lateral and most medial i.e. only 2 of them which are grouped) and what’s their innervation
thenar group (thumb side) median nerve
hypothenar group
ulnar nerve
if someone has carpal tunnel syndrome and irritation of extrinsic tendons causing compression in the tunnal. Where would you see loss of function in the hand? What group to be specific
thenar group bc the tunnel has the median nerve which innervates the thenar group
lumbricals - what joing does it cross on the anterior side
attachment
movement
innervation
metacarpophalangeal
flexor tendons in palm
dorsum of proximal phalanges
flex at MP (bc starts at palm)
extend at PIP/DIP (bc ends at back of hand)
median and ulnar nerve
doral and palmar interossei
attachment
movement
innervation
both: metacarpals
adjacent proximal phalanges
hint: PAD/DAB
dorsal: aBduct
palmar: ADDuct
both: Ulnar nerve
what nerves supply the skin of the hand (i.e. whats the cutaneous innervation of hand)
AND what part of the hand does each supply
ulnar (pinkey and half of 4th on palm and dorsal)
median (rest of palm)
radial (rest of top of hand)
