Upper extremity part 2

Question 1

articulations in the wrist (3)

Answer 1

radiocarpal
midcarpal
distal radioulnar joint

Question 2

what type of joint is the radiocarpal?

Answer 2

condyloid

Question 3

what actions does the radiocarpal joint do

Answer 3

wrist flex/extension

wrist ab/adduction

Question 4

what type of joint is the midcarpal

Answer 4

plane synovial

Question 5

what action does the midcarpal joint do

Answer 5

gliding motion bn carpals
wrist flex/entend (like radiocarpal)
wrist ab/adduction (like radiocarpal)

Question 6

what type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 6

pivot synovial

Question 7

what action does distal radioulnar joint do

Answer 7

supination/pronation

Question 8

what fracture is common for post-menopausal women

Answer 8

colles fracture - dorsal displacement of distal fragment

Question 9

what are the 2 stabilizing ligaments of the wrist and what do they prevent?

Answer 9

extensor retinaculum (dorsal) flexor retinaculum (ventral, palm) 
prevent bowstringing of tendons

Question 10

what nerve travels through the carpal tunnel & therefore causes the muscles it innervates to lose function in carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 10

median nerve

Question 11

what are the attachments
innervation
action
of extensor compartment of muscles acting on wrist

Answer 11

-lateral epicondyle of humerus
base of metacarpals

radial nerve (same for posterior arm)

wrist extension

Question 12

if loss of innervation to radial nerve, what action is hard for patient?

Answer 12

wrist extension

Question 13

what are the attachments
innervation
action
of flexor compartment of muscles acting on wrist

Answer 13

medial epicondyle of humerus
base of metacarpals

median and ulnar nerve

wrist flexion

Question 14

wrist abduction occurs as a result of contraction of both the flexor and extensor on what side of the forearm

Answer 14

radial

Question 15

wrist adduction occurs as a result of contraction of both the flexor and extensor on what side of the forearm

Answer 15

ulnar

Question 16

from proximal to distal, name the joints of the digits? joint of the thumb?

Answer 16

carpometacarpal
metacarpophalangeal
proximal interphalangeal joint (digits 2-5)
distal interphalangeal joint (digits 2-5)

interphalangeal joint

Question 17

digits 2-5 move in flexion/extension at what joint(s)

Answer 17

metacarpophalangeal
proximal interphalangeal
distal interphalangeal

Question 18

abduction/adduction at digits 2-5 occur at what joint(s)

Answer 18

metacarpophalangeal

Question 19

the thumb moves in ab/adduction at what joint

Answer 19

carpometacarpal

Question 20

the thumb moves in flex/extension at what joints

Answer 20

CMC
MP
IP

Question 21

beside flex/ext and ab/adduct what other movement can the thumb do and what joint does it happen it

Answer 21

opposition at CMC

Question 22

what are non-manipulative prehension patterns that the hand can do

Answer 22

cylindrical grip
hook grip
spherical grip

Question 23

how do non-manipulative patters happen

Answer 23

from extrinsic muscles of digits contracting

Question 24

what are manipulative prehension patterns that the hand can do

Answer 24

palmar pinch
lateral pinch
tip to tip pinch

Question 25

how do manipulative patters happen

Answer 25

from intrinsic muscles in hand contracting

Question 26

what are the extrinsic digit flexors

Answer 26

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexor digitorum profundus

Question 27

flexor digitorum superficialis
attachment
movement
innervation

Answer 27

medial epicondyle 
middle phalanx (i.e. passes PIP joint) 

flex PIP joint

median and ulnar nerve

Question 28

flexor digitorum profundus
attachment
movement
innervation

Answer 28

proximal ulna
distal phalanx (crosses DIP)

flex DIP

median and ulnar

Question 29

the tendons of what muscles are contained within the carpal tunnel

Answer 29

of the extrinsic digit flexors

Question 30

list the extrinsic digit extensors

Answer 30

extensor digitorum
extensor indicis proprius
extensor digiti minimi

Question 31

list the extrinsic muscles of thum

Answer 31

flexor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus

Question 32

what muscles contribute to the anatomical snuff box? what artery passes through it?

Answer 32

entensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis longus

radial artery

Question 33

what are the intrinsic hand muscles (most lateral and most medial i.e. only 2 of them which are grouped) and what’s their innervation

Answer 33

thenar group (thumb side) 
median nerve 

hypothenar group
ulnar nerve

Question 34

if someone has carpal tunnel syndrome and irritation of extrinsic tendons causing compression in the tunnal. Where would you see loss of function in the hand? What group to be specific

Answer 34

thenar group bc the tunnel has the median nerve which innervates the thenar group

Question 35

lumbricals - what joing does it cross on the anterior side
attachment
movement
innervation

Answer 35

metacarpophalangeal

flexor tendons in palm
dorsum of proximal phalanges

flex at MP (bc starts at palm)
extend at PIP/DIP (bc ends at back of hand)

median and ulnar nerve

Question 36

doral and palmar interossei
attachment
movement
innervation

Answer 36

both: metacarpals
adjacent proximal phalanges

hint: PAD/DAB
dorsal: aBduct
palmar: ADDuct

both: Ulnar nerve

Question 37

what nerves supply the skin of the hand (i.e. whats the cutaneous innervation of hand)
AND what part of the hand does each supply

Answer 37

ulnar (pinkey and half of 4th on palm and dorsal)
median (rest of palm)
radial (rest of top of hand)