Intro to anatomy - vid Flashcards
describe being in anatomical position
head and eyes looking fwd, mouth closed, jaw relaxed, palms facing forward, thumbs away from body, feet parallel but slightly apart and flat on floor
cranial is another word for
superior
caudal is another word for
inferior
ventral is another word for
anterior
dorsal is another word for
posterior
the coronal (or frontal) plane divides the body into
anterior and posterior
sagittal plane cuts the body into
left and right
transverse plane cuts the body into
superior and inferior
whats the difference bn axial and appendicular skeleton
axial has the ribs, sternum, skull, spine while
appendicular has the upper and lower extremities
from proximal to distal, list the bone divisions in the upper extremity and lower
-hint: 3 for each
upper: arm –> forearm –> hand
lower: thigh –> leg –> foot
tiny holes aka____ are where what travels through
foramen, where vessels or nerves travel through bone
the site where two skeletal elements come together
Hint: 2 names
joints aka articulations
what’s the anatomical difference between synovial joints and solid joints?
synovial joints have cartilage on each end that is also surrounded by a joint cavity
solid has the 2 bones fused by CT
which type of joint allows for more movement/mobility? synovial or solid
synovial
what does the inner synovial membrane produce
synovial fluid that provides lubrication for the 2 bones to move against each other w little friction
t/f: movement occurs only at the insertion point
F: greater degree of movement usually happens at the insertion bt movement happens at origin too
in what direction does movement occur
direction of the muscle fibers
what is the purpose of muscles/tendons crossing a joint
to produce direct or indirect motion
the transverse (or horizontal) plane occurs around what axis
longitudinal axis (superior-inferior)
along what axis does frontal plane motion occur
anterior-posterior axis
sagittal plane motion is along what axis
medio-lateral axis
give examples of movement along each plane
horizontal plane -internal/external rotation -pronation/supination frontal plane -abduction -adduction -eversion/inversion sagittal plane -flexion -extension
circumduction combines what motions
flexion/extension and abduction/adduction
what movements are special to the shoulder/ scapulothoracic joint *
*also happen at the mandible
elevation/depression and protraction/retraction
what movement of the elbow joint and forearm happens in the horizontal plane
pronation and supination
which joint(s) in the lower extremity produce abduction and adduction
hip joint
NOT the knee or ankle
what are the special names for the motions produced in the ankle joint
sagittal - dorsiflexion(toes point up) / plantar flexion (toes down)
frontal - eversion and inversion
