Lower Extremity and Hip

Question 1

What is the largest, longest, and widest nerve in the body?

Answer 1

sciatic

Question 2

Where does the sciatic nerve course?

Answer 2

begins at lower back and courses through buttock to lower leg

Question 3

What muscle does the sciatic nerve course through?

Answer 3

piriformis

Question 4

What does the sciatic nerve branch into?

Answer 4

1. tibial nerve
2. common peroneal nerve

Question 5

Where does the tibial nerve course?

Answer 5

posterior and medial leg

Question 6

Where does the common peroneal nerve course?

Answer 6

anterior and lateral leg

Question 7

What is pain caused by the compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 7

sciatica

Question 8

What are common causes of sciatica?

Answer 8

spinal disc herniation/degeneration, piriformis syndrome, hip degeneration

Question 9

What causes pain, tingling, and numbness in the buttocks?

Answer 9

piriformis syndrome

Question 10

What probe is used to image the piriformis muscle?

Answer 10

curved

Question 11

What is the pt position for piriformis?

Answer 11

prone

Question 12

T/F: the sciatic nerve is superficial to the piriformis muscle?

Answer 12

F

Question 13

What is the probe position for sciatic nerve in pop fossa?

Answer 13

trans at 9 in sup pop fossa / distal thigh

Question 14

What is pt position for sciatic nerve?

Answer 14

prone with knee bent

Question 15

What nerve is sup in pop fossa?

Answer 15

sciatic

Question 16

What nerve is medial in pop fossa?

Answer 16

tibial

Question 17

What nerve is lateral in pop fossa?

Answer 17

peroneal

Question 18

What nerve is the smallest in the pop fossa?

Answer 18

peroneal

Question 19

What attaches the plantaris, gastrocs, soleus muscles to the heel?

Answer 19

achilles tendon

Question 20

What has a long recovery period if injured and how long?

Answer 20

achilles tendon, 12-16 months

Question 21

What are cholesterol deposits in the achilles tendon called?

Answer 21

xanthomas

Question 22

What is pt position for achilles tendon?

Answer 22

ankle in relaxed, neutral position with towel under it, pt prone

Question 23

What is the probe position for achilles tendon?

Answer 23

long at 12, bottom of probe touching heel, trans at 9

Question 24

What is a normal thickness of an achilles tendon?

Answer 24

5.5-6.5mm

Question 25

What images are taken for achilles tendon?

Answer 25

LONG: 1. tendon w insertion 2. A/P measurement of tendon 3. follow tendon sup clip TRANS: 4. tendon at calcaneus 5. follow tendon sup clip

Question 26

What are the 3 bones of the hip?

Answer 26

pubis, ilium, ischium

Question 27

What type of joint is the hip?

Answer 27

ball and socket

Question 28

What bones make up the hip joint?

Answer 28

acetabulum and femoral head

Question 29

What does the proximal femur consist of?

Answer 29

femoral head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter

Question 30

What are the 3 capsular ligaments in the hip?

Answer 30

iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral

Question 31

Which capsular ligament in the strongest?

Answer 31

iliofemoral

Question 32

What bony process serves as an attachment for the abdominal muscles?

Answer 32

iliac crest

Question 33

What bony process serves as an attachment for the sartorius and tensor fascia lata?

Answer 33

ASIS

Question 34

What bony process serves as an attachment for the rectus femoris?

Answer 34

AIIS

Question 35

What bony process serves as an attachment for the gmed and gmin?

Answer 35

greater trochanter

Question 36

What bony process serves as an attachment for the iliopsoas?

Answer 36

lesser trochanter

Question 37

What bony process serves as an attachment for the hamstrings?

Answer 37

ischial tuberosity

Question 38

What bony process serves as an attachment for the adductors?

Answer 38

pubic bone

Question 39

What is the pt position for anterior hip exam?

Answer 39

supine with knees extended

Question 40

What are the causes of hip joint effusion?

Answer 40

trauma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, infection

Question 41

What is the probe position for the hip joint?

Answer 41

probe sag/oblique over inguinal area

Question 42

What is the most common cause of hip pain in children?

Answer 42

transient synovitis

Question 43

What is seen on U/S as anechoic cleft in labrum?

Answer 43

acetabular labral tear

Question 44

What presents as acute hip pain and intra articular snapping?

Answer 44

traumatic acetabular labral tear

Question 45

What presents as chronic hip pain?

Answer 45

degnerative acetabular labral tear

Question 46

What tendon does snapping hip syndrome effect?

Answer 46

iliopsoas

Question 47

What is the probe position for the iliopsoas tendon?

Answer 47

long over anterior hip joint

Question 48

What tendon courses antero-medial over hip joint, attaches distally to lesser trochanter of femur and exits pelvis deep to inguinal ligament?

Answer 48

iliopsoas tendon

Question 49

What is it called when the IT tract of gluteus maximas tendon snaps over greater trochanter?

Answer 49

external snapping hip

Question 50

What test is used to diagnose a tight IT band?

Answer 50

obers test

Question 51

What is it called when there is snapping over the femoral head, lesser trochanter, anf iliopsoas bursa?

Answer 51

internal snapping hip

Question 52

What is the probe position for the rectus femoris tendon?

Answer 52

trans over anterior hip joint to visualize AIIS, long to visualize head of rectus femoris

Question 53

What originates on the ASIS?

Answer 53

tensor fascia lata

Question 54

What is the probe position for tensor fascia lata?

Answer 54

trans

Question 55

What muscle is on the medial side?

Answer 55

sartorius

Question 56

What is the sensor branch of the lumbar plexus?

Answer 56

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Question 57

What area of the LFCN is typically the area of impingement?

Answer 57

prox area