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MBB > Lower extremity > Flashcards

Lower extremity Flashcards

1
Q

3 bones make up hip

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Ischium
  3. Pibis
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2
Q

Joint of hip? What happen if dislocate?

A

Femoroacetabular joint

- damage sciatic nerve

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3
Q

Ligament that stabalizes hip joint?

A

Illiofemoral ligament

-Prevent hip tilt posteriorly when stand or walk

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4
Q

Hip dislocation causes hip to move what direction?

A

Posteriorly

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5
Q

Intracapsular fracture vs extracapsular fracture

A

Intracapsular - fracture of femoral head or neck
Extracapsular - fracture trochanteric, intertrochanteric, or subtrochanteric
Intracapsular = risk avascular necrosis of femoral head

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6
Q

Trendelenburg sign

A
  • Pelvis sag opposite side lesion (standing on affected limb)
  • damage superior gluteal nerve = weakened gluteus medius
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7
Q

Abductor muscles of hip

A

Gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus

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8
Q

Where insertion of hamstring?

A

Ischium

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9
Q

Hip extensors and knee flexion

A 
Hamstrings (3)
1. Biceps femoris (travels lateral)
- innervation: fibular sciatic nerve
2. Semimembranosus (travels medial knee)
- innervation: tibial sciatic nerve
3. Semitendinosus (travels medial knee)
- innervation: tibial sciatic nerve
Adductor magnus
*all orgin at ischial tuberosity
**semitendinosus on top semimembranosus
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10
Q

Hip flexion muscles

A

Psoas and iliacus (iliopsoas)
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Pectineus

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11
Q

Femoral triangle contents

A 
NAVEL ( lateral to medial)
femoral Nerve
femoral Artery
femoral Vein
Empty 
Lymphatics
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12
Q

Femoral triangle boundaries

A

Superior: inguineal ligament
Lateral: sartarius
Medial: adductor
Floor: iliopsoas and pectineus

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13
Q

Where femoral herniation goes into…

A

Femoral canal

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14
Q

Femoral artery turns into _______ after it passes through ________.

A

Popliteal artery after pass adductor hiatus

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15
Q

Muscles evert foot

A

Lateral comparment of lower leg
Fibularis longus - attaches to first metacarpal
Fibularis brevis - attach lateral aspect foot

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16
Q

Main joint that plantar flexion and dorsi flexion occur

A

Talotibial or tibiotalor joint

17
Q

Main joint foot evert and invert occur

A

Subtalo joint

18
Q

Fibularis longus innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

19
Q

Fibularis brevis innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

20
Q

Anterior lower leg extensor muscles and innervation

A

(Dorsal flexion)
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus - extend big toe
Extensor digitorum longus - extend other toes
Innervation: deep fibular nerve

21
Q

Popliteal fossa contents

A 
Popliteal artery and vein
Sciatic nerve (branch into tibial nerve and common fibular nerve)
22
Q

Boundaries popliteal fossa

A

Medial: semimembranosus and semitendinosus
Lateral: biceps femoris

23
Q

Posterior lower leg muscles: superficial

Form what?

A
  1. Gastrocnemius muscle (medial and lateral head)
  2. Soleus muscle (under gastrocnemius)
    Form/insert to make calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
24
Q

Where Achilles tear occur?

A

Musculocutaneous junction

25
Q

Posterior lower leg muscles: deep

A

Popliteus
Flexor hallicus longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior- flex ankle and invert foot

26
Q

Medial ankle contents (anterior to posterior)

A 
Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry
Tibialis posterior
flexor Digitorum longus
tibial Artery 
tibialis Vein
tibialis Nerve
flexor Hallucis longus
27
Q

Eversion ankle injury (hit from side) damages what? Arch toward ground

A

Damage deltoid ligament (medial stabilizer)

28
Q

Inversion ankle injury damages what? arch go up.

High ankle sprain?

A

Damage anterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament, posterior talofibular ligament
High ankle sprain- damage anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament

29
Q

Lateral collateral lig (LCL) and lateral meniscus are…

A

Not connected, don’t have to injury together, but usually do

30
Q

Medial collateral ligament (ACL) and medial meniscus are…

A

Connected, always injury together

MBB (21 decks)

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