Low-Cost Lamps Light Rural India Flashcards
humble
adj
poor or of a low social rank:
Even when she became rich and famous, she never forgot her humble background.
syn: adj. poor, inferior modest obscure ordinary simple unassuming unpretentious
glow
n
continuous light and/or heat that is produced by something:
the glow of the fire
Neon emits a characteristic red glow.
syn: noun burning, brightness afterglow bloom blossom brilliance glare gleam glimmer glitter intensity light radiance ray warmth
fortnight
n
a period of two weeks:
a fortnight’s holiday
once a fortnight
a fortnight ago
How much would it cost to hire a car for a fortnight?
She felt rejuvenated by her fortnight in the Bahamas.
First prize is a fortnight in Barbados and second prize is a weekend in Rome.
We spent a fortnight in Rome looking at all the sights.
He has secured a fortnight’s work experience at a firm of solicitors.
strain
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emit
v
to send out a beam, noise, smell, or gas:
The alarm emits infrared rays which are used to detect any intruder.
The machine emits a high-pitched sound when you press the button.
diode
n
a device that controls an electric current so that it can only flow in one direction
bulb
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/images/thumb/lightb_noun_002_21219_2.jpg?version=5.0.185
leap
v
to make a large jump or sudden movement, usually from one place to another:
He leaped out of his car and ran towards the house.
I leaped up to answer the phone.
The dog leaped over the gate into the field.
He remembered the old adage ‘look before you leap’.
He leaped across the river.
She leaped up to help him.
When the bell rang, she leaped to the door.
She leaped onto the chair.
subsidised
v
support (an organization or activity) financially.
recent
adj
happening or starting from a short time ago:
Is that a recent photo?
Have you been following recent political events?
In recent times/years/months, etc. there has been an increase in the amount of violence on television.
In recent years I’ve been cursed with worsening eyesight.
The party’s ambitions have been deflated by the two recent by-election defeats.
They’ve updated a lot of the entries in the most recent edition of the encyclopaedia.
He dismissed recent rumours about his private life as fictitious.
House prices have plummeted in recent months.
conventional
adj
traditional and ordinary:
conventional behaviour/attitudes/clothes
conventional medicine/farming
a conventional wedding
disapproving I find his art dull and conventional.
adj adj. common, normal current ordinary regular traditional typical
scepticism
n
an attitude that shows you doubt whether something is true or useful:
The company’s environmental claims have been greeted/regarded/treated with scepticism by conservationists.
There was a climate of scepticism surrounding the conference.
Perhaps he detected the suppressed scepticism in my voice.
There is growing scepticism about donations to charities and what they do with the money.
Others expressed scepticism about the usefulness of this procedure.
Ken overcame his scepticism and decided to give it a try.
revolutionize
v
to completely change something so that it is much better:
Newton’s discoveries revolutionized physics.
v
to make a big change or improvement to the way something works or looks, or to the way that people do a particular activity:
Credit scores revolutionized the borrowing process by allowing lenders to make faster, more objective decisions about a person’s ability to repay.
Electronic cash systems have revolutionized the way that people around the world pay for goods and services.
revolutionize an industry/business/workplace The company has invested $200 million, in a move aimed at revolutionizing the electric car industry.
scenario
n
a description of possible actions or events in the future:
There are several possible scenarios.
a horrific/nightmare scenario such as a Third World War
See also
worst-case scenario
More examples
The most likely scenario is that house prices rise again, forcing interest rates up.
The worst scenario is that we lose two or three thousand pounds.
There are several possible scenarios.
Imagine the scenario - David turns up and we’re all there, waiting for him.
A doomsday scenario is not out of the question.
primitive
adj
relating to human society at a very early stage of development, with people living in a simple way without machines or a writing system:
Primitive races colonized these islands 2,000 years ago.
primitive man
The spiny anteater is a mammal, although a very primitive one.
syn: adj. ancient, original archaic basic primeval primordial pristine undeveloped
ambitious
adj
having a strong wish to be successful, powerful, or rich:
an ambitious young lawyer
He’s very ambitious for his children (= he wants them to be successful).
syn adj. desiring success aggressive determined earnest energetic enthusiastic resourceful
express
v
to show a feeling, opinion, or fact:
Her eyes expressed deep sadness.
I would like to express my thanks for your kindness.
Words can’t express how happy I am.
These figures are expressed as a percentage of the total.
syn: verb articulate; signify, mean assert communicate convey declare disclose give hint indicate put reveal say show speak suggest tell voice
reservation
n
an arrangement in which something such as a seat on an aircraft or a table at a restaurant is kept for you:
I’d like to make a table reservation for two people for nine o’clock.
Please confirm your reservation in writing by Friday.
Thesaurus: synonyms, antonyms, and examples
an appointment
appointment; I made a dentist’s appointment for Monday morning.
reservation; I have a reservation for 8 pm.
booking; I have a booking in the name of Smith.
commitment; I have no commitments tomorrow, so let’s meet up in the morning.
in bulk
in large amounts:
The office buys paper in bulk to keep down costs.
incur
v
to experience something, usually something unpleasant, as a result of actions you have taken:
to incur debts/fines/bills
The play has incurred the wrath/anger of both audiences and critics.
Please detail any costs/expenses incurred by you in attending the interview.
syn: verb bring upon oneself; acquire arouse earn obtain provoke
import duty
n
a tax placed on goods coming into one country from another:
impose/raise/reduce import duties on sth The country has raised import duties on consumer goods.
subject to/exempt from import duty
syn: contribution cost duty expense fine levy price rate tariff
noun burden
charge
duty
burden
n
a heavy load that you carry:
The little donkey struggled under its heavy burden.
exempt
v
to excuse someone or something from a duty, payment, etc.:
Small businesses have been exempted from the tax increase.
avail
n
use, purpose, advantage, or profit:
We tried to persuade her not to resign, but to no avail (= did not succeed).
My attempts to improve the situation were of little/no avail.
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