IELTS Practice Listening V1 T2 Flashcards
advertise
verb
to make something known generally or in public, especially in order to sell it:
=We advertised our car in the local newspaper.
=He advertises his services on the company notice board.
=I’m going to advertise for (= put a notice in the newspaper, local shop, etc., asking for) someone to clean my house.
=There’s no harm in applying for other jobs, but if I were you, I wouldn’t advertise the fact (= make it generally known) at work.
=They advertise clothes ‘for the fuller figure’.
=It is most expensive to advertise at peak viewing times.
=The concert was well enough advertised but ticket sales were poor.
=Teaching posts are advertised in Tuesday’s edition of the paper.
=The market for those dreadful compilation records you see advertised on TV is just another of life’s great mysteries.
syn: publicize make public make known give publicity to bill post
tenant
n
a person who pays rent for the use of land or a building
Examples
Tenants are complaining that vital repairs are not being done.
They formed a tenants association.
He was cruel to his tenants.
Tenants had to give part of their harvest to the landowners.
syn:
occupant resident inhabitant leaseholder lessee renter
excuse
n
a reason that you give to explain why you did something wrong:
=He’d better have a good excuse for being late.
=I’ve never known him to miss a meeting - I’m sure he’ll have an excuse.
=There’s no excuse for that sort of behaviour.
syn:
the cause of something
reason; I frankly don’t understand the reason for the delay.
cause; Investigators have not yet determined the cause of the fire.
root; We need to get to the root of her problems.
motive; There seems to have been no motive for the murder.
ground(s); On what grounds was she dismissed?
propose
v
to offer or suggest a possible plan or action for other people to consider:
=[ + that ] I propose that we wait until the budget has been announced before committing ourselves to any expenditure.
=[ + -ing verb ] He proposed dealing directly with the suppliers.
=She proposed a boycott of the meeting.
=He proposed a motion that the chairman resign.
syn:
put forward suggest advance offer present move submit
pile up
v To accumulate(สะสม): Work is piling up.
tidy-up
n
an act of making a place or a collection of things tidy:
=Let’s have/do a quick tidy-up before Mum gets home.
=A basic tidy-up of bedrooms, hallways, and living rooms can create the impression of more space.
=In the garden, autumn is the opportunity for a good tidy-up.
=I’ve been giving the office a wee tidy-up today.
=Organizing your computer’s memory is rather like the librarian having a tidy-up of the shelves.
clutter up
verb
fill a space in a disorderly(ไม่เป็นระเบียบ
) way
prohibit
v
to officially refuse to allow something:
=Motor vehicles are prohibited from driving in the town centre.
=The government introduced a law prohibiting tobacco advertisements on TV.
=Parking is strictly prohibited between these gates.
syn:
to forbid someone or something
forbid; He grew up in a strict household where dating was forbidden.
disallow; Upon review, the goal was disallowed.
ban; The government has banned the sale of lead-based paint.
prohibit; Vehicles are prohibited from parking on the grass.
roster
n
a list of people’s names, often with the jobs they have been given to do:
=If you look on the duty roster, you’ll see when you’re working.
carpet
n
(a shaped piece of) thick material used for covering floors:
=We’ve just had a new carpet fitted/laid in our bedroom.
=UK We’ve got fitted (= cut to fit exactly) carpets in the bedrooms.
a layer of something that covers the ground:
=a carpet of snow
=Our lawn is a carpet of daisies.
=carpet shampoo
=a luxurious deep-pile carpet
=I spilled red wine on their cream carpet.
=We’ve taken the carpet up and exposed the =floorboards.
=He was busy hoovering the bedroom carpet when I got home
vacuum
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/images/full/vacuum_noun_002_39800.jpg?version=5.0.180
consistent
adj
always behaving or happening in a similar, especially positive, way:
=There has been a consistent improvement in her attitude.
=Her work is sometimes good, but the problem is she’s not consistent.
syn:
staying the same
constant; Check to make sure your oven maintains a constant temperature.
the same; You look exactly the same as you did ten years ago!
same old same old; The Italian restaurant is under new management, but it’s just the same old same old.
unchanging; His novel is about the unchanging nature of humanity.
unchangeable; The company’s position on the matter is absolute and unchangeable.
rental
n
an arrangement to rent something, or the amount of money that you pay to rent something:
=Property rental is quite expensive here.
=DVD rentals have decreased this year.
=a car rental company
something such as a house, car, or bike that you rent:
Otherwise
conj
used after an order or suggestion to show what the result will be if you do not follow that order or suggestion:
=I’d better write it down, otherwise I’ll forget it.
=Call home, otherwise your parents will start to worry.
=Come in now, otherwise you’ll get wet.
=I’d better tell him about the letter, otherwise he might be angry.
=You’d better hurry, otherwise you’ll miss the train.
=Take that chocolate away, otherwise I’ll eat it all.
=They had to leave early, otherwise the children would have been up too late.
prohibit
v
to officially refuse to allow something:
=Motor vehicles are prohibited from driving in the town centre.
=The government introduced a law prohibiting tobacco advertisements on TV.
=Parking is strictly prohibited between these gates.
syn:
to forbid someone or something
forbid; He grew up in a strict household where dating was forbidden.
disallow; Upon review, the goal was disallowed.
ban; The government has banned the sale of lead-based paint.
prohibit; Vehicles are prohibited from parking on the grass.
fill out
v
add information to complete an official form or document.
syn:
complete
answer
fill up
fill in
fate
โชคชะตา
syn:
destiny providence God's will nemesis kismet astral influence
round up
ปัดเศษขึ้น
overseas
adj
in, from, or to other countries:
=We need to open up overseas markets.
=There are a lot of overseas students studying at our college.
=My brother is a student overseas.
=Many more people go/travel/live/work overseas these days.
=The company has been successful in penetrating overseas markets this year.
=If you were offered an overseas posting, would you take it?
=After he’d served his apprenticeship he found work overseas.
=The airline halved its overseas service because of a sharp reduction in traffic.
=Our firm does a lot of business with overseas customers.
syn:
abroad
minimize
v
to reduce something to the least possible level or amount:
=We must minimize the risk of infection.
=Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to minimize the impact of the oil spill.
Synonyms
downplay
understate
conversant
be conversant with sth
to be familiar with, and have knowledge or experience of the facts or rules of something:
=I’m not conversant with the rules of chess.
Synonym
familiar
prudent
adj
careful and avoiding risks:
=[ + to infinitive ] It’s always prudent to read a contract carefully before signing it.
Synonym
cautious
brochure
n
a type of small magazine that contains pictures and information on a product or a company
=Enclosed is a brochure that highlights the benefits that you can receive as a corporate donor.
=a product brochure
=produce a brochure (on sth) They produced a brochure on healthy eating that was to be distributed in supermarkets.
syn: pamphlet booklet prospectus catalog leaflet handbill handout
leaflet
n\
a piece of paper that gives you information or advertises something:
Demonstrators handed out leaflets to passers-by.
A leaflet about the new bus services came through the door today.
syn: pamphlet booklet brochure handbill circular flyer handout
presence
n
the fact that someone or something is in a place:
=She was overawed by the presence of so many people.
=The presence of pollen in the atmosphere causes hay fever in some people.
=He’s usually quite polite in my presence.
=The document was signed in the presence of two witnesses.
syn: existence being there attendance attending appearance residence occupancy company companionship turning up showing showing up Opposite: absence
suburb
n
an area on the edge of a large town or city where people who work in the town or city often live:
Box Hill is a suburb of Melbourne.
We drove from middle-class suburbs to a very poor inner-city area.
syn: outlying district residential area dormitory area/town commuter belt
wander
v
to walk around slowly in a relaxed way or without any clear purpose or direction:
=We spent the morning wandering around the old part of the city.
=She was found several hours later, wandering the streets, lost.
=He was here a minute ago but he’s wandered off somewhere.
syn:
to walk
walk; The baby has just learned to walk.
stride; She strode purposefully up to the desk and demanded to speak to the manager.
march; He marched right in to the office and demanded to see the governor.
stroll; We strolled along the beach.
wander; She wandered from room to room, not sure of what she was looking for.
amble; She ambled down the street, looking in shop windows.
fairly
adv
more than average, but less than very:
=She’s fairly tall.
=I’m fairly sure that this is the right address.
=We get on fairly well.
=I saw her fairly recently.
syn: positively really veritably simply actually absolutely
avail
v
use, purpose, advantage, or profit:
=We tried to persuade her not to resign, but to no avail (= did not succeed).
=My attempts to improve the situation were of little/no avail.
syn: help aid assist benefit be of use to be useful to profit
dial
to operate a phone or make a phone call to someone by choosing a particular series of numbers on the phone:
=Can I dial this number direct, or do I have to go =through the operator?
=Dial 0 for the switchboard.
=Can I dial this number direct or do I have to go through the switchboard?
=She picked up the receiver and dialled his number.
=He dialled 999 and stammered out his name and address.
=He dialled her number, his heart thumping.
=There’s no response when I dial the number.
syn: telephone phone phone up call call up place a call to
take up
v
become interested or engaged in a pursuit.
occupy time, space, or attention.
=she took up tennis at the age of 11
=”I don’t want to take up any more of your time
syn: consume fill absorb use use up occupy cover
advisable
adj
If something is advisable, it will avoid problems if you do it:
=[ + to infinitive ] It’s advisable to book seats at least a week in advance.
=A certain amount of caution is advisable at this point.
syn: wise desirable preferable well best sensible commonsensical
precaution
n
an action that is done to prevent something unpleasant or dangerous happening:
=Many people have been stockpiling food as a precaution against shortages.
=They failed to take the necessary precautions to avoid infection.
precautions [ plural ]
a polite way of referring to contraception (= methods that prevent a woman becoming pregnant):
If you’re going to have sex, make sure you take precautions.
More examples
=The inquiry into the disaster damns the company for its lack of safety precautions.
=Safety precautions are observed as a matter of course.
=Millions of travellers fail to take even the most elementary of precautions.
=Doctors are legally obliged to take certain precautions.
=The tighter security precautions include video cameras in the city centre.
syn: safeguard safety measure insurance defense provision backstop
inadvertently
adv
in a way that is not intentional:
=He inadvertently deleted the file.
=I inadvertently ended up on the wrong street.
More examples
=The text was edited in a way that inadvertently changed its meaning.
=I’m worried that we might be inadvertently watering down the quality of the data.
=We inadvertently threw away some of the receipts.
syn: accidentally by accident unintentionally unwittingly unawares
mace
n
a spice made from the dried shell of nutmeg:
=Heat the milk with the peppercorns, mace and =vegetables until almost boiling.
=Christianity in the Moluccas dates back nearly 500 years to the arrival of European traders seeking spices such as nutmeg, mace and cloves.
=I combine mace with bay, especially for seasoning pork or oily fish, such as herrings.
=Season with salt, freshly milled pepper, mace or nutmeg, and cayenne.
assailant
n
a person who attacks another person:
=Can you describe your assailant?
Synonyms
aggressor
attacker
informed
adj
having a lot of knowledge or information about something:
=an informed choice/opinion
=The school promised to keep parents informed about the situation.
=Elizabeth is remarkably well-informed.
syn:
to know facts
know; I know you’ve been hiding something from me.
be familiar with; I’m very familiar with various accountancy software packages.
informed; it’s important to keep the public informed about the steps they’re taking.
be apprised of; The suspect will be apprised of their rights.
realize; I realized that it was too late to stop them from finding out.
have heard of; Most Americans have never heard of the California Air Resources Board.
purchase
v
to buy something:
=Tickets must be purchased two weeks in advance.
=Except under clearly defined circumstances, it is illegal in Britain for a company to purchase its own shares.
=She purchased her first house with the money.
Synonyms acquire buy (PAY FOR) pick sth up (BUY) snap sth up informal
syn:
to buy something
buy; I need to buy some new shoes.
get; I need to go to the supermarket and get some bread.
purchase; She purchased a new computer.
pick something up; Can you just pop in the shop and pick up some eggs?
constitute
v
to be or be considered as something:
=This latest defeat constitutes a major setback for the Democrats.
=The long-term unemployed now constitute a sort of underclass.
=The publishers claim that the book constitutes ‘the first sequential exposition of events and thus of the history of the revolution’.
=The takeover of the embassy constitutes a blatant violation of international law.
=They felt that our discussions with other companies constituted a breach of our agreement.
=Her refusal to sell the house constituted a major blow to our plans.
advent
n
the fact of an event happening, an invention being made, or a person arriving:
=Life was transformed by the advent of the steam engine.
syn: arrival appearance emergence materialization surfacing occurrence
button
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/images/thumb/button_noun_002_05071.jpg?version=5.0.180
stay out
v
to not come home at night, or to go home late:
=Our cat usually stays out at night.
=My mum won’t let me stay out late.
=He stayed out last night and I’ve no idea where he was.
=I’ve got to get up early tomorrow so I won’t be staying out late.
=He gets suspicious if I stay out late.
=He called me to say he’d be staying out.
=I like to let him know if I’m staying out late.
sec
n
a very short period of time:
Would you mind waiting for me - I’ll only be a couple of secs.
syn:
moment
second
short time
confine
v
to limit an activity, person, or problem in some way:
Let’s confine our discussion to the matter in question, please!
Please confine your use of the phone to business calls.
By closing the infected farms we’re hoping to confine the disease to the north of the region (= stop it from spreading to other areas).
syn: enclose incarcerate imprison intern impound hold captive
sufficient
adj
enough for a particular purpose:
This recipe should be sufficient for five people.
It was thought that he’d committed the crime but there wasn’t sufficient evidence to convict him.
syn: enough adequate plenty of ample abundant
illumination
noun
light:
The only illumination was from a skylight.
illuminations [ plural ]
coloured decorative lights outside that make a town look bright and exciting at night:
the Blackpool illuminations
lit
adj
very good, enjoyable, or exciting:
That car is lit.
It was the most lit party ever.
vicinity
noun
the area around a place or where the speaker is :
There are several hotels in the immediate vicinity of the station.
We could see that there were several open Wi-Fi networks in the vicinity.
Anyone who happened to be in the vicinity could have been injured or killed.
syn: surrounding district surrounding area neighborhood locality locale local area area district region quarter sector territory domain place zone environs surroundings surrounds precincts purlieus this neck of the woods locus vicinage
intend
v
to have as a plan or purpose:
=[ + to infinitive ] We intend to go to Australia next year.
=Somehow I offended him, which wasn’t what I’d intended.
=[ + obj + to infinitive ] I don’t think she intended me to hear the remark.
=The course is intended for intermediate-level students.
=It was intended as a compliment, honestly!
=The president has announced she does not intend to stand for re-election.
=I made a promise to you and I intend to keep it.
=How do you intend to deal with this problem?
=I’ve heard that she intends to leave the company.
=I spent much more than I intended to.
syn: plan mean have the/every intention have in mind have in view
respect
n
admiration felt or shown for someone or something that you believe has good ideas or qualities:
=I have great/the greatest respect for his ideas, although I don’t agree with them.
She is a formidable figure who commands a great deal of respect (= who is greatly admired by others).
New teachers have to earn/gain the respect of their students.
He inspired respect and devotion from his pupils.
She won the grudging respect of her boss.
You should show more respect to your parents.
He has no respect for authority whatsoever.
Certainly in our society teachers don’t enjoy the respect that is accorded to doctors and lawyers.
syn: esteem regard high regard high opinion acclaim admiration
bulk
n
something or someone that is very large:
She eased her large bulk out of the chair.
syn: size volume dimensions measurements proportions mass
commitment
n
a promise or firm decision to do something:
Players must make a commitment to play for a full season.
Can you give a commitment that the money will be made available?
The government reaffirmed its commitment to the peace process.
The company has failed to honour its commitments.
Synonyms assurance (PROMISE) bond (PROMISE) guarantee oath (PROMISE) pledge promise (SAY CERTAINLY) resolution (DETERMINATION) undertaking (PROMISE) vow word (PROMISE)
dean
n
an official of high rank in a college or university who is responsible for the organization of a department or departments:
She is the new dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences.
the Dean of Medicine
syn: faculty head department head head of faculty head of department
convener
n
an important trade union official who works in a particular factory or office
=Convener of the Recreation Committee
encounter
v
to meet someone unexpectedly:
=On their way home they encountered a woman selling flowers.
She was, he says, the most violent woman he had encountered in 13 years as an officer.
As we left the memorial area we encountered a group of German students.
The football fans that we encountered seemed harmless enough.
On my way to the station I encountered a small child, begging.
He was probably the most obnoxious person I’ve ever encountered.
syn: experience come into contact with run into come across
spare
v
to not hurt or destroy something or someone:
=They asked him to spare the women and children.
syn: not harm leave uninjured leave unhurt be merciful to show mercy to
ruin
v
to spoil or destroy something completely:
Huge modern hotels have ruined this once unspoilt coastline.
Her injury ruined her chances of winning the race.
syn:
to spoil something
spoil; Don’t spoil the movie by telling me what happens!
ruin; I put too much salt in the sauce and ruined it.
deface; Many of the library books had been defaced.
disfigure; Her face was disfigured by the scar.
sour; Our friendship soured after the argument, and we just drifted apart.
poison; The long dispute has poisoned relations between the two countries.
busybody
nคนสอดรู้สอดเห็นเรื่องคนอื่น
nutcase
[n.] คนเพี้ยน (คำไม่เป็นทางการ) คนบ้า, คนติ๊งต๊อง
religious
adj
relating to religion:
religious education
cult
n
a religious group, often living together, whose beliefs are considered extreme or strange by many people:
Their son ran away from home and joined a religious cult.
