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Loire Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary grapes of the Sancerre AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir

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2
Q

What defines “terres blanches”?

A

A marl that is rich in oyster fossils, one of the three soil types in the Centre Loire

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3
Q

Savennières is best known for…

A

Dry Chenin Blanc, but moelleux and doux versions are also produced

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4
Q

What style of wine is Coteaux de Saumur AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wines

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5
Q

What are the three crus of the Muscadet Sèvre et Maine AOC?

A

Clisson (24 mos lees, most concentrated), Gorges (24 mos lees, smoke) and Le Pallet (17 mos lees, floral)

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6
Q

What three white grapes are grown in the Lower Loire?

A

Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne), Folle Blanche (Gros Plant), Pinot Gris

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7
Q

What style of wine is made in the Anjou Coteaux de la Loire AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wine

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8
Q

What Loire wine is frequently aged sur lie?

A

Muscadet

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9
Q

What is the principal white grape of the Centre Loire?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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10
Q

What defines “caillottes”?

A

Little limestone pebbles; one of the three soil types of the Centre Loire

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11
Q

What is a Loire synonym for Cabernet Franc?

A

Breton

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12
Q

Other than the Loire River, what are the two other primary rivers of the Lower Loire?

A

Le Sèvre Nantaise and La Petite Maine

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13
Q

What is Touraine Primeur?

A

A wine made from Gamay using semi-carbonic maceration

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14
Q

What style of wine is made in the Rosé de Loire AOC?

A

Dry rosé made anywhere in the Middle Loire

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15
Q

What three AOCs in the Centre Loire make white wine only?

A

Pouilly Fumé, Pouilly-Sur-Loire, Quincy

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16
Q

What are the primary red grapes of the Upper Loire?

A

Pinot Noir and Gamay

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17
Q

Which sweet wine-producing sub-region lies within the Anjou zone of production?

A

Layon

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18
Q

The Folle Blanche grape is also known as:

A

Gros Plant

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19
Q

What is the principle grape used for rosé production in the Middle Loire?

A

Grolleau

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20
Q

Which Middle Loire AOC is a monopole?

A

Savennières Coulée de Serrant

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21
Q

What are the three distinct soil types of the Centre Loire?

A

Terres blanches, caillottes, silex

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22
Q

What Centre Loire AOC produces wines from Chasselas?

A

Pouilly-Sur-Loire

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23
Q

Where is Vouvray located?

A

Touraine (Middle Loire)

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24
Q

What is Touraine Noble Joué?

A

A vin gris made primarily from Pinot Meunier

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25
Q

The Gros Plant grape is also known as:

A

Folle Blanche

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26
Q

The Pineau de la Loire grape is more commonly known as:

A

Chenin Blanc

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27
Q

What two Centre Loire AOCs are located on the Cher River?

A

Quincy and Reuilly

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28
Q

What defines “terres blanches”?

A

A marl that is rich in oyster fossils, one of the three soil types in the Centre Loire

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29
Q

The Muscadet grape is also known as:

A

Melon de Bourgogne

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30
Q

What area of the Loire has volcanic soils?

A

The Lower Loire: gneiss dominates the top soils, igneous rocks the sub-soils

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31
Q

What is the principal white grape of the Centre Loire?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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32
Q

What three white grapes are grown in the Lower Loire?

A

Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne), Folle Blanche (Gros Plant), Pinot Gris

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33
Q

What style of wine is made in the Rosé de Loire AOC?

A

Dry rosé made anywhere in the Middle Loire

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34
Q

What style of wine is made in the Cabernet d’Anjou AOC?

A

Off-dry to sweet rosé made from both Cabernets

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35
Q

What style of wine is made in the Rosé d’Anjou AOC?

A

Off-dry rosé made primarily from Grolleau

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36
Q

What grape variety is used in the Cour-Cheverny AOC?

A

Romorantin

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37
Q

What style of wine is made in the Coteaux du Layon AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wine

38
Q

What soil type gives wine a unique gunflint/smoky finish?

A

Silex (flint)

39
Q

What style of wine is made in the Bonnezeaux AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wines

40
Q

What style of wine is produced in Layon?

A

Sweet wines affected by noble rot

41
Q

What are the primary grapes of the Sancerre AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir

42
Q

What defines “Mousseux”?

A

The term means frothy or bubbly. These are méthode traditionelle wines with at least 3 atms of pressure

43
Q

The Gros Plant grape is also known as:

A

Folle Blanche

44
Q

For what style of wine is Saumur best known?

45
Q

Which sweet wine-producing sub-region lies within the Anjou zone of production?

46
Q

What Loire sub-region has a wholly continental climate?

A

The Centre and Upper Loire

47
Q

What style of wine is made in the Vouvray AOC?

A

Dry, off-dry and sweet whites from Chenin Blanc

48
Q

What two grapes dominate the Middle Loire?

A

Chenin Blanc and Cabernet Franc

49
Q

What Loire winegrowing region is known for Kimmeridgean limestone?

A

The Centre Loire

50
Q

What grape is used to make sweet wine in the Middle Loire?

A

Chenin Blanc

51
Q

How long must Loire crémant spend aging on its lees?

A

12 months (versus 9 months in most other French regions)

52
Q

What is the difference between Cabernet d’Anjou AOC and Cabernet de Saumur AOC?

A

Cabernet d’Anjou is sweeter. It must contain a minimum of 1% sugar, while Cabernet de Saumur can contain no more than 1% sugar.

53
Q

What are the primary grapes of the Chinon AOC?

A

Cabernet Franc and Chenin Blanc

54
Q

What is the primary red grape of Touraine?

A

Cabernet Franc

55
Q

What category of Loire sparking wine does not have an aging requirement?

A

Pétillant

56
Q

What is the primary white grape of the Centre Loire?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

57
Q

What is “tuffeau”?

A

A porous chalk/limestone soil found in parts of the Middle Loire

58
Q

What is “passerillage”?

A

The technique of allowing grapes to wither and dry on the vine

59
Q

What is the Lower Loire climate?

60
Q

What is the Middle Loire climate?

A

Maritime w/continental influences

61
Q

T/F: Loire is the 2nd biggest producer of Rose

62
Q

Dutch influence

A

Influenced locals to plant more white cultivars so that they can produce their brandewijn aka brandy wine.

63
Q

18th C, Loire wine industry faced what 3 main challenges?

A

1) 1789 French Revolution
2) 1800s Expansion of the railway system- created competition
3) 1880 Phylloxera- one of the last regions struck so last to revive

64
Q

What % is AOCs?

65
Q

List the white grapes along with their synonyms

A 
Chardonnay (Auvernat blanc)
Chenin Blanc (Pineau de la Loire, Gros Pineau)
Folle Blanche (Gros Plant)
Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne)
Savignon Blanc
Arbois (Orbois, Menu Pineau)
66
Q

List the red grapes

A 
Cabernet Franc (Breton)
Cabernet Sauvignon
Gamay
Negrette
Pinot Noir (Auvernat Noir)
Grolleau (Groslot)
Pineau d'Aunis
67
Q

Which grapes craft rose?

A

both cabernets, Grolleau, Gamay, Pineau d’ Aunis

68
Q

Romorantin is grown exclusively for what AOC?

A

Cour-Cheverny of Touraine (Middle Loire)

69
Q

List Rose sweetness levels

A

Rose de Loire 0.3% (always DRY, allows for P. Noir)
Samur Rose 0.6% (depends on TA)
Rose d’Anjou 0.7% (always off-dry to sweet, allows Malbec)
Cabernet d’Anjou 1.0%

70
Q

List Chenin based AOCs

A 
Anjou blanc
Savennieres
Saumur Blanc
Montlouis-Sur_Loire
Vouvray
Coteaux du Loir
71
Q

List Sauvignon-based AOCs

A

Poully Fume, Pouilly -sur-Loire and Quincy (all center Loire)

72
Q

List Cab Franc based AOCs

A

Bourgueil
St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil
Chinon
Samur Rouge

73
Q

List Pinot Noir based AOCs

A

Center Loire AOCs, Reuilly, Sancerre, Menetou-Salon

74
Q

Define:
Petillant
Mousseux
Cremant

A

Petillant: 1-2.5 atms, no ageing required
Mousseux: min 3 atms, most 9 mos
Cremant: min 4 atms, 9 mos lees

75
Q

Rose production…direct press vs saignee

A

Direct press: 1-4 hrs skin contact in the press, stems on, ferment as a white wine
Saignee: grapes crushed, 12 hrs skin contact, free run racked off, deeper color and fuller body

76
Q

Which is the largest red AOC

A

Chinon AOC

77
Q

100% Chenin AOCs for sweet wine

A

Anjou-Coteaux de la loire
Bonnezeaux
Coteaux du Layon (1er Chaume, Layon village)
Coteaux de L’Aubance
Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru (highest RS)
Anjou Coteaux de la Loire (only sweet AOC outside of Layon)

78
Q

Name the monopole

A

Savennieres Coulee de Serrant

79
Q

Sweet Wine AOCs

A

all of the Coteaux, Savennieres
Montlouis sur Loire
Vouvray

80
Q

List Muscadet AOCs

A

All dry white wine made from Melon de Bourgogne.

1) Muscadet AOC:
2) Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOC: smallest, both sides of Loire River
3) Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu AOC: along Lake Grand lieu
4) Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC: 75% of all AOC Muscadet bottled.

81
Q

Soils of Center Loire

A

Terres Blanches - limestone rich marls
Caillottes - limestone pebbles
Silex - flint

82
Q

Soils of Middle Loire

A

Tuffeau - Turonian chalk/limestone

Schist

83
Q

Soil of the Lower Loire

A

Gneiss - metamorphic rock, porus

84
Q

Wines from the Vouvray AOC are made from…

A

Chenin Blanc

85
Q

Grape of Cour-Cheverny

A

Romorantin (W)

86
Q

Principle red of the middle Loire

87
Q

Reuilly AOC location

A

Flanks the Cher River on Kimmeridgean soils

88
Q

Quincy AOC style of wine

A

Only whites from S. Blanc and S. Gris

89
Q

Sancerre AOC wine styles

A

white, red and rose

90
Q

Savennieres is located in…

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