Jura Flashcards
What was Charles Rouget’s contribution to winemaking?
Rouget noted that the same grape variety can be given different names in different places
What does the term “Sous Voile” signify on a bottle of Jura wine?
The wine has been made with controlled exposure to oxygen, under a surface layer (or “veil”) of yeast
What is the largest Jura AOC by volume and geographic size?
Arbois AOC
What is the name of the grape indigenous to the Jura and known for making “almost-red” wines?
Poulsard
What is a “clavelin”?
A 620 ml bottle used in the Jura for Vin Jaune
What is the most widely planted grape in the Jura?
Chardonnay
What Jura AOC grows only Savagnin Blanc?
Château-Chalon AOC
Does the Jura produce more white or red wine?
White
What is “Ullage”?
The headspace in a bottle or barrel
What does the “Ouillé” signify on a bottle of Jura wine?
The wine has been made reductively, with minimum oxygen exposure
What three Jura AOCs produce Vin de Paille?
Arbois AOC, L’Etoile AOC and Côtes du Jura AOC
What Jura native created the “Bordeaux Mixture” for treating mildew and pioneered the grafting of French vines onto American rootstock?
Alexis Millardet
Which Jura region produces more red wine than white?
The Arbois AOC
A Vin Jaune labeled “vin de garde” is intended for:
Cellaring
What is the sole grape used in the production of the Jura’s Vin Jaune?
Savagnin Blanc
What two Jura AOCs represent styles of wine rather than geographic locations?
Macvin du Jura AOC and Crémant du Jura AOC
What is the Jura’s Vin de Paille?
A wine made with air-dried grapes
What is the climate of the Jura?
Semi-continental
What are the five permitted grapes in the Jura?
Chardonnay, Savagnin Blanc, Poulsard, Pinot Noir, Trousseau
What was Louis Pasteur’s contribution to winemaking?
Pasteur discovered that a microbe he named “yeast” is responsible for fermentation
The main grape used in the production of Crémant du Jura is:
Chardonnay
What is Macvin du Jura?
Fortified grape must
Melon d’Arbois, Melon a Queue Rouge and Gamay Blanc are all synonyms for:
Chardonnay
What Jura AOC produces only Vin Jaune?
Château-Chalon AOC
What is the soils of Jura?
20% Limestone and 80% Clay (opposite of the Cote d’OR)
What is the name of the Grabin
Saone Grabin - the Bresse Plain btwn Cot d’OR and Jura Mtns
List the two white grapes
Chardonnay and Sauv Blanc
Charles Rouget
Noted that identical grape varieties often assumed alternate names
Alexis Arpin
Campaigned against fraud and championed the idea of an appellation of controlled origin for Arbois.
Alexis Millardet
Jura botanist created the “Bordeaux Mixture” used to combat mildew. Together with Jules Emile Planchon pioneered the grafting of French fines onto American rootstock.
What century was Jura at its peak?
mid-19th century (produced red wine for immediate consumption but today the reverse is true…now white wine is designed for long-term aging).
Pliny the Elder
chronicles viticulture in the region in his “Natural History” encyclopedia
What role did the 14th century Dukes of Burgundy play?
Early recognition for the wines came when they controlled the area.
18th century…
more vinicultural focus occurred when considerable effort was expended to improve and maintain the quality of the wines produced here.
The Jurassic Era
Takes its name from the Jura mountains where the limestone-clays (marl) from this time period were first identified.
List the three red grapes…
Poulsard (40%), Pinot Noir, Trousseau
Chardonnay synonyms:
Melon d’Arbois, Melon a Queue Rouge and Gamay Blanc.
Arbois AOC:
translates “fertile land” Largest by volume, 70% RED, all styles made, all 5 varietals grown here
Chateau-Chalon AOC:
Only produces Vin Jaune (Savagnin). Declassified Ch-Ch can be bottled as AOC Cotes du Jura Vin Jaune or Cotes du Jura Savagnin.
Chateau-Chalon AOC wines made from grapes other than Savagnin must be bottled as….
Cotes du Jura
L’Etoile AOC:
five hills that form the points of a star, has more limestone dotted with starshaped “pentacrin” fossils. ONLY WHITE wines, Chardonnay (most), savagnin and Poulsard. Vin de Paille falls into the “white” category even if red grapes are incorporated and labeled as Cotes du Jura.
Cotes du Jura AOC:
2nd largest AOC by volume, all wine styles made but white and cremant are the top products.
Macvin du Jura AOC:
all 5 grapes authorized for Macvin production, red or white (white mainly from Chardonnay).
How is Macvin made?
by adding marc (at 1/3 volume) to grape must, the fortified slurry is pressed then aged in cask for min of 10 mos 16-20% alcohol.
Cremant du Jura AOC:
all 5 grape varieties, White Cremant du Jura comprises 90% of all cremant produced and much is 100% Chardonnay
Define Ouille
without ullage or head space “topped up”, reductive (Chardonnay is aged in this manner), “ouille” will be on the label if a Savagnin is made this way.
Define Sous Voile
under flor/with ullage (most Savagnin wines made this way were originally destined to make Vin Jaune but were withdrawn early from the ageing process. Controlled oxidation armoas of walnut, hazelnut and spice. The term “Tradition” on the label will be used for wines made this way.
Jura Red Wines
may be single varietal or blends, light colored, high acid, low tannin wines made for early drinking. Some Poulsard wines made via semi-carb. “almost red”
Vin Jaune wines
Savagnin grape only. stored in old barrels with no temp control, no topping up, for 60 mos, veil of yeast develops, controlled oxidation creates sherried characteristics.
Vin Jaune wine bottling requirements…
may not be bottled until 6 years and 3 mos after the vintage.
What type of bottle must be used for Vin Jaune?
Clavelin
What size is a clavelin?
620 ml bottle
What is Vin de Paille
“straw wine”, unblemished Chardonnay, Savagnin, Poulsard and/or Trousseau clusters are picked at the star of harvest and dried for a min of 6 weeks. This desiccates fruit and concentrates flavor, naturally sweet 14-15% alcohol. Must be aged 18 mos in barrel, released at least 3 years after the intage. sold in half bottles (375 ml)
Which grape variety is NOT allowed in the making of Vin de Paille?
Pinot Noir
How did ageing regimen result in Jura’s clavelin?
a significant volume of wine may be lost during the ageing period, hence the myth that a liter of wine is always reduced to 620 ml, the size of a clavelin.
What sized bottle is used for vin de paille?
375 ml
