Logistics Execution Process Flashcards
Delivery Process
A continuation from the sales process
Generally used in outbound processing to move goods from the plant to the shipping vendor to the customer
Returns process of inbound deliveries is also included\
Delivery document can be created with reference to a sales document i.e. order, scheduling agreement, inbound return sales document
Delivery Document Configuration
Delivery Document type similar to a sales order document type
The output of an SAP delivery is a goods movement
Delivery Document type has fewer control settings than a sales document type
Document Category
Identifies what document type is being used
Used in internal table controls, for example, to determine system responses and messages
Number Systems
Here you assign the particular number range that your delivery will follow as well as the item increment in the delivery document type
Order Reference
Allows you to set up required order to be associated with the delivery type
If you want to create a delivery without reference to an order, you use a “pseudo-order” type
Dcoument Content
Most fields in this section are configured in another screen. Mostly determined in individual settings that are then carried over to the delivery docuemnt type.
Controllable fields
- Delivery split according to warehouse
- Delivery split accoridng to additional partners
- Rescheduling
- Automatic packing indicators
- The general packing material item
- Distribution mode
Document content: Stor.loc.rule
Storage location rule specifies how the system determines the picking/storage location when you create a delivery without entering a picking/storage location for the item
If storage location rule is MALA, then, Determined = shipping point + plant + sotrage condition
Document content: OutputDet.Proc.
Used by the system in allocating output to the delivery document type
Document content: TextDetermProc.
Used by the system to determine where texts are allocated from in the delivery
Document content: Doc.stats.group
Updates the logistics information structures (LIS).
Not possible to assign a value here. You are able to assign a value to the delivery document type in the control settings for LIS
Advisable to assign a stats group value to those deliveries and delivery items that do not contain a reference
Document content: Delivery split per warehouse number
Items belonging to different warehouse numbers will be split into different deliveries. You can also force a delivery split by partners by setting the delivery split part part checkbox.
Document content: Applicaton
Used by the system to allocate output–for example. whether the output is used for sales orders or for delivery documents
Document content: Partner determination
Not available to set in the delivery docuemtn type
It is set in the assignemtnet of documents types to the partner determination procedure
Document content: Rescheduling indicator
Used to control the rescheduling of backlog deliveries
Document content: Automatic packing indicator
Controls if the packing proposal should be adhered to and the items in the delivery automatically packed or not.
Document content: Distrbtn Mode
If you use a decentralized warehouse mangement system, you will wish to update the system automatically
Document content: Gen. pack.matl item
If you permit the delivery document type to automatically create packing items based on configuration for packing then check the generate packing material item checkbox.
Transaction flow: sequence group
Used to determine the screens and the sequence in which the SAP system should display them for a certain delivery type
Transaction flow: Display range
Controls the data display for the delivery items. Ex you can limit the display to only the main items and to suppress all items dependent on main items
Standard delivery document types
- LF, standard delivery
- LO, delivery without reference
- LR, returns delivery
- RL, returns delivery from a purchase order
- NL, Replenishment delivery
Delivery item categories and determination
Controls how the item is to behave in the document type
Generally, has the same naming convention as the sales document item category from which it is determined, but has its own control features
Defining delivery item category determination
If order item or schedule line is copied into a delivery, Item category used in sales order is copied to delivery
Items not copied from orders in the delivery, item category is determined by the delivery item category determination table which calculates as such, delivery type + item category group of the material + usage of item + item category of the higher level item
If item category is copied from sales order, a schedule line category must still be maintained for system to propose the correct goods movement type, and subsequent financial postings for the goods movement
The delivery item category determination is
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Mat.no.’0’ allowed
Used to permit the item to be created without having a reference to a material reference
Used for text items, where one creates a line item with a special item category and types text in the description of the material description
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: ItemCat. stats. group
Used to generate stats in the logistics information system
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Stock determination rule
Used in conjunction with the stock determination group to determine the stock strategy
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Check quantity 0
Specifies whether you can create an item that has a zero quantitity and, if you do, how it is to react with a warning or error message or no message at all
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Check minimum quantity
Check carried out against the minimum delivery quantity on the material master record and the customer material information record.
The response from the system can be a warning or an error message
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Check overdelivery
Used to display a warning message or an error message should the delivery quantity exceed the limit inthe customer material information or the sales order quantity
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: AvailCkOff
Allows you to turn off the availability check for a delivery item
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Rounding
Used to determine if the system should round up, round down, or leave the results as they are in cases such as the correlation of multi-level bills of material in the delivery if the non-availability of a particular BOM in another partial BOM were to cause decimal positions. This would only impact you if you were using large numbers with individsble partial quantitites in a BOM
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: The relevant for picking indicator
Used to switch on picking relevance for a particular item
Not needed for non-stock, value and service items
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Storage location required
Indicates a storage location must be entered for this item before the delivery can be completely processed
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Determine Storage Location
Indicate automatic determination of the storage location for the delivery item
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Don’t check storage location field
Used to stop the system from checking that the material exists in the storage location that was determined
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: No Batch check field
Ensures the system does not check to determine if the batch entered in the delivery line item exists in the system or not
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Automatic Batch Determination field
Tells the system to carry out automatic batch determination in the delivery for this line item
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Text Determination Procedure field
Not maintable
Defining a delivery item category Cont’d: Standard Text
Not used in ERP ECC6
Delivery Due List
Used to create delivery documents en masse automatically as opposed to individually
Many companies have a specific shipping point for their delivery due list to create emergency deliveries. A variant is created for this specific shipping point and executed on a much shorter time scale than ordienary delivery document creation.
Some contries don’t allow one sales order to be split among many deliveries nor many orders in one delivery
Shipping point determination
Independent organizational units that are linked to a plant and represent the point of dparture or receipt of materials
Plant can have many shipping points
Delivery is created from one sole shipping point
Shipping point determination cont’d
Location from which a delivery orignates
Can be a phsyical or systemic location
No delivery can be made without a shipping point
Determined by the system = the shipping conditions + loading group + delivering plant
Configuring the shipping point determination
Shipping condiditons, entered in the customer master record in the shipping screen and in the sales document type. These settings then copied into the sales document during order creation and are used to determine the shipping point.
May be manually changed in the sales order, or may be defaulted to a particular sales document type. If defaulted to a particular sales document type, system will ignore the setting on the customer master recrod
Configuring the shipping point determination cont’d
Shipping conditions defeined by sales document type override shipping conditions automatically proposed by the system from customer master record
Ex. returns processing a returns delivery must be made with a shipping point that represents the incoming goods.
Defining loading groups
Loading groups are used in the determination of the shipping point and is copied from the material master record
Delivery is not possible without a loading group, so should be made mandatory in material master record
Delivery Creation Process
- Can be created three ways
- Individually via the menu path
- From a sales document
- via the delivery due list
Picking and interfacing with warehouse management
PIcking is the process in which the stock is selected from the storage facility to fulfill a delivery. One needs to pick the correct quantity of the right items for the delivery.
Not all items are relevant for delivery
Picking is always carried out from a particular storage location.
Picking Item Categories
You indicate which item categories are relevant for picking when defining the deliery item category or in picking
Interface with warehouse management
If a warehouse in SAP has been defiend and assigned a storage location and you use this storage location in a delivery, you must use warehouse management to do the picking
Should picking be done using warehouse management, once the delivery is created, you need to create a transfer order.
Warehouse management placing goods process
- Process for placing goods
- Goods are received into the interim storage area for goods receipts
- Transfer order is created in WM to move goods into the warehouse (tells staff where to put goods)
- Once goods place in correct location, transfer order is confirmed, which tells SAP that the goods have been moved out of the interim storage area
Warehouse management extracting goods process
- Create transfer order
- SAP will choose stock from the warehouse to be delivered (choice based on a number of inventory methods such as LIFO (last in, first out) and FIFO (first in, first out) )
- Transfer order instructs warehouse staff where to get stock and to deliver it to the interim storage area for goods issues.
- Once all stock has been picked, transfer order is confirmed, which informs system that stock has been taken out of the warehouse and made available for loading
If you created the transfer order from a sales delivery, SAP will confirm that the delivery has been picked when you confirm that you have fulfilled the stock quanitity in the transfer order
Determining Storage/Picking Locations
Picking location, an area in which all picking is carried out in the same manner. Copied into the delivery header data.
Storage condition refers to the storage of the material in the plant or warehouse. Found on the plant data/warehouse 1 of the material master record.
Storage condition field + plant + shipping point = storage location determination
Picking location carried out from storage location
Backward and Forward Scheduling
Backwards scheduling. process of scheduling the business process from the requsted delivery date backward in order to meet a specified delivery date
If system finds that materials will not be available until later date after order, system carries out forward scheduling.
Forward scheduling, projecting the earliest possible delivery date based on the scheduling of the business processes from the material availability date forward.\
Scheduling Times
Transit time, time it takes for movement of materials to customer’s site, point a to point b
Transportation lead time, time taken to schedule the containers, shipping companies, etc to move materials
Shipping point and loading group used to determine loading time
Route is used to determine the transportation lead time and transit time for transportation scheduling
Delivery Blocks
Block the delivery from being created, and can lock available stock from being assigned to a sales document
Blocking reasons
Shipping or delivery blocks are commonly used and may be manually entered or automatically proposed in the sales order and delivery documents
Delivery Block info
Once set, delivery blocks must be removed manually from the sales order
A delivery block at header level of a sales document blocks the confirmation and sets it to 0. The requirement is there, but ATP quantities are not consumed.
Delivery block at a schedule line of a sales document does not block confirmation. Ther requirement is there, and ATP quantities are consumed.
Delivery blocking: Header level
Delivery blocking at header level of a sales document, is only effective if the respective delivery document is assigned the same billing block
Delivery Blocking: Schedule line level
Delivery blocks manually entered in the sales document at the schedule line level
Always effective whether delivery block assigned to the delivery document type or not
Not copied in to the sales document item level, so only effective at the schedule line level
Delivery blocks at the customer/header level
You can block a customer for a particular sales area or all the sales area for which a customer belongs to.
This block is copied into the sales area
Packing
Packing is carried out at the item level.
One can determine that it is mandatory for a specific item to be packed
A packed item can be packed further into a handling unit which can also be packed further.
Some items are relevant for packing, some cannot be packed and others can. This is defined by item categories.
Packing Requirements
Work the same as other requirements, a criteria stipulated must be met in order for packing to be carried out.
Returnable Packaging
Packaging that must be returned, if not, business can bill the customer
Special Stock: returnable packaging
Stock you deliver incorporates packaging materials.
There is no special sales document required,
Packaging material master record uses the material type VERP for packaging and the item category group LEIH (SAP standard)
Returnable packaging works like a standard material, therefore you must define an item category, TAL SAP standard
LAN, SAP standard for returnable packgaging pick up
LNN, SAP standard for returnable packaging issue
Special stock partner
Partner assigned to the customer master record in the sales order
Routes
Regular routes used to ship goods to customer
Route determination automatically proposed for each sales document item in sales order.
Assign specific route with transportation legs using different shipment types and carriers.
Route determination can be redetermined in the delivery
Defined with associated route stages and transportation connection points
Modes of transportation, Shipping types, Shipping type procedure group and Transportation connection points
Shipping type, vehicles used to trasnport the materials
Modes of transport are the types of transportation used to transport the mateerials, i.e. road
Shipping type procedure group, used to calculate the cost relating to the transportation
Transportation connection points, define where transportation types connect i.e. airports, railwway stations, border crossings
Route Determination
Occures in the system based on…
- Country and departure zone
- Country and receiving zone of the Ship-to-party
- Shipping conditions as in the sales order
- Transportation group of the material master record
- The weight group
Route Determination Cont’d
A country is divided into transport zones. A customer exists in a transport zone and so does a shipping point.
SAP determines the route for moving from a shipping point in one zone to the customer in the other zone.
Country key, determines what departure zones are allowed to select from
Transportation group is a pre-req for the determination of the route (should be a mandatory field for the material master record)
Shipping Conditions
Held on the customer master record
Used to define the route determination as well as used in determining the shipping point
Shipping weight groups
Used to refeine the route determination in the delivery
Some routes are more expensive based on the weight and method of transportation
Posting Goods Issue in the Delivery
Causes the goods to be transferred into the hands of the carrier.
Once post, system updates numerous records.
Causes the system to update the stock quantities.
System updates the posting to the general ledger accounts
System updates the requirements in the stock requirements list.
System updates the deliveries relevant for billing, adding, if billing-relevant to the billing due list.
Can be reversed
