Available to promise and transfer of requirements

Question 1

Material Determination

Answer 1

Method in SAP SD to determine the material to be used in the sales order.

Uses the condition technique to substitute on material in the sales order for another when certain conditions are met

Triggered by the material entered in the line item of the sales order.

Question 2

Material Determination 2

Answer 2

Sometimes referred to as product selection and can be automatic or manual.

Question 3

Material Determination 3

Answer 3

Begins by defining the condition type which is the same as defining the material determination

Question 4

Defining Access sequence

Answer 4

Sequence of steps that the system follows in sequential order to obtain a condition record.

Access sequence must exist before you can assign it to a condition type.

Access number is the order in which the system will read the access sequence.

Question 5

Condition tables

Answer 5

A tabulated combination of fields.

Question 6

Determination Procedure

Answer 6

When a sales order is created and the determination procedure is accessed, the procedure then calls the condition types in sequence. The condition types then each individually calls the access sequence and subsequently calls the condition tables, which the system then checks to see if a valid condition record exists.

Question 7

Determination Procedure 2

Answer 7

By assigning the material determination procedure to the sales document type, you are activating material determination.

A substitution reason, a rule that controls the material determination’s execution.

Question 8

Material Listing and Exclusion

Answer 8

Used to list the products or services specific customers may or may not purchase.

Uses the condition technique to determine its values and procedure.

It applies to two partner functions in Sales and distribution: the Sold-to Party and the payer.

Question 9

Condition Technique configuration

Answer 9

• 1. Put the fields you will need into the field catalog
• 2. Creation the condition tables you will need
• 3. Create the access sequence you will need.
• 4. Assign the condition tables to the access sequence
• 5. Create the condition types.
• 6. Assign the access sequence to the condition types 7. Create the determination procedure (if necessary) and assign the condition types to it.
• 8. Assign the determination procedure
• 9. Lastly, create your condition records.

Question 10

Materials Requirements Planning and Transfer of requirements

Answer 10

Customer’s requested delivery date and quantity to be delivered is transferred (transfer of requirements) to materials requirements planning (MRP).

MRP determines if there is enough quantity of stock available for the scheduled delivery date.

Closely integrated with the materials management and production planning modules.

Schedule lines in the sales order transfer the requirements through to MRP.

Question 11

Individual or Collective Requirements

Answer 11

The transfer of requirements can either be a transfer of requirements with an individual requirement or a transfer of requirements with collective requirements.

This is set up in the “availability check” field in the material master record

Question 12

Individual requirements

Answer 12

individual transference of demand to MRP for each schedule line.

Advantage is that you can use the “availability overview”(a screen) can show you individual aspects (order quantity, sales document number, item number and requirement class of the schedule line.

The view for the availability overview is configured using checking groups

Question 13

Collective requirements

Answer 13

Collective grouping of requirements created either daily or weekly and transferred to MRP.

The documents created in collective requirement processing cannot be individually identified from the availability overview.

Advantage, allows businesses with very large volume to have a clearer view from the availability overview.

The system will automatically create individual requirements for materials with collective requirements indicated on the material master for transactions that create special stock.

Question 14

Transfer of Requirements

Answer 14

The same control elements used for availability check are used for the transfer of requirements.

Dependent on the following data

• Requirements type
• Requirements class (key factor), based on the requirements type for the sales document
• Checking group
• Schedule line category

Question 15

Criteria for transfer of requirements to be carried out

Answer 15

• Plant must be assigned to the sales document line item level
• Schedule line category must be switched on for transfer of requirements
• Transfer of requirements must be switched on at the requirements class level
• Checking group must be defined and allocated to the material master record in the Sales: General/Plant view in the availability check field.

Question 16

Availability check

Answer 16

shows the confirmed quantities at schedule line level

Question 17

Passing on of requirements

Answer 17

Shows the ordered quantity (passing on of the demand)

Question 18

Consumption Modes

Answer 18

Defines whether, and in which direction on the time axis from the requirements date the consumption of customer requirements with planned independent requirements should occur. The requirements date corresponds to the date the sales order items were created.

Question 19

Consumption Modes Options/Forwards or Backwards scheduling

Answer 19

• No planning consumption
• Backwards consumption only, starting from the requirements date, backwards consumption is carried out within the relevant consumption period
• Forwards consumption only, starting from the requirements date, forward consumption is carried out within the relevant consumption period.
• Backwards/forwards consumption, Starting from the requirements date, backwards consumption is performed first of all. Then, if no planned independent requirements can be allocated before the requirements date, forward consumption is performed. Both procedures are carried out for the relevant consumption period.
• Forwards/backwards consumption, Starting from the requirements date, forward consumption is performed first of all. Then, if no independent requirements can be allocated after the requirements date, backwards consumption is performed. Both procedures are carried out for the relevant consumption period.

Question 20

Planning materials

Answer 20

You can have a common planning material and assign similar materials to it.

Independent requirements are created for the planning material to cover the requirements that are expected for the materials assigned to the planning material. So the customer requiremetns for the similar materials are consumed by the independent materials of the planning material.

You assign the planning material to the materials in MRP 3 screen.

You also need to enter the “strategy group” for planning uisng the planning materials on the MRP 3 screen

You can’t use a transfer of requirements on sales or delivery documents when using a planning material. The actual requirement from the sales or delivery documents consumes the independent requirement of the planning material. The independent requirement is reduced. Then the MRP runs, requirements are created for the order or delivery, and the balance of the independent requirement is reduced.

Question 21

Stock Overview

Answer 21

A view of stock and situation of stock levels in a plant

*insert pic*

Question 22

Requirements Classes

Answer 22

Preset template, but can be created

The controlling factor for the availability check and transfer of requirements for all sales documents types.

The system uses the entries at requirements class level as a default and brings the data into the sales order.

Scehdule line category is use to fine-tune the settings at requirements class level

Question 23

Defining Requirements Types

Answer 23

Allocated to a single requirements class.

Displayed in the sales order.

Based on the item category and the MRP type of the material.

Possible to be changed at the time of creating the sales order.

Template, but can be created

Question 24

Determination of Requirement Types using Transaction

Answer 24

You assign the requirements type to the relevant item category in the sales order and MRP type found in the material master record.

The MRP type is used in the material master to determine how a material is planned

Question 25

Pre-defined search strategy for requirements type determination

Answer 25

1. Attempt is made to find a requirements type using the strategy group in the material master
2. If stategy group has not been maintained, system will determine it using the MRP group
3. If MRP group has not been defined, system uses the material type instead of MRP group when accessisng the corresponding control tables
4. If no requirements type is found, system assumes a special rule and attempts to find a requirements type by the item category and MRP type
5. If not possible, final attempt is made to find a requirements type with item category only
6. If final attempt fails, the system declares the transaction as not relevant for the availability chek or transfer of requirements

Question 26

Defining procedure for each schedule line category

Answer 26

As discussed previously the transfer of requirements and the availability

Question 27

Maintaining Requirements for Transfer of Requirements

Answer 27

Requirements may also be used to determine that the transfer of requirements to MRP is not carried out unless a number of conditions are met

Question 28

Maintaining Requirements for purchase and assembly orders

Answer 28

Sometimes you need a purchase order, an order to purchase the materials for the product being sold, in order to meet the demand on MRP for the customer

Question 29

Direct procurement

Answer 29

Third-party order processing and assembly processing

Credit block the sales order prevents creation of the procurement element.

Question 30

Availability check

Answer 30

determines if the requested delivery quantity can be available for shipping in order to meet the customer’s requested delivery date.

Carried out at plant level

Results in material availability date (contains the pick pack time, the loading tim. and the transportation scheduling time)

These dates result in a planned goods issue date (the planned date the goods are transfeerred from the business’ ownership and control, possibly to a shipping agent.

Shipping dates then added to the goods issue date, resulting in a delivery date, which is then communicated to the customer when the sales order is placed.

Question 31

Back order processing

Answer 31

Processing a backorder, which in itself is a sales order that has not been confirmed in full or not confirmed at a certain delivery date

Question 32

Rescheduling

Answer 32

Proposal of how confirmed quantities already assigned to sales orders may be reassigned to other orders that have a higher priority

Question 33

ATP

Answer 33

Available to promise, basis of the availability check.

Takes into account all movements into and out of the warehouse.

Four types of stock

• Safety stock
• Stock in transfer
• Stock in quality inspection
• Blocked stock

Planned receipts, and planned issues of the stock associated

• Purchase orders
• Purchase requisitions
• Planned orders
• Production orders
• reservations dependent reservations
• dependent requirements
• sales requirements
• delivery requirements

Question 34

Special Stock

Answer 34

i.e. Made-to-order goods or consignment stock

Question 35

Replenishment Lead time

Answer 35

Time needed to produce the requested stock

Only used when doing an ATP check Determined one of two ways.

• Externally procured material, Determined based on the total of the processing time for purchasing, the planned delivery time and the goods receipt processing time
• Internally procured material, Based on the in-house production time, seen on the MRP 2 view as goods receipt processing time, or alternatively if set, from the total replenishment lead time, which is found in the material master record on the MRP 3 view.

Question 36

Three types of availability checks

Answer 36

• Availability check on the basis of the ATP quantities
• Availability check against product allocation, with which one is able to do an availability check against -product allocation, allowing a predefined distribution quantity of products to customers
• The third availability check takes place in the stand-alone APO (Advanced Planner and Optimizer) planning system from SAP

Question 37

Checking groups

Answer 37

Define what type of requirements we will pass on

SAP standard

• 01 Daily requirements
• 02 Individual requirements

Checking group + checking rule = how the availability check is to be performed

Resides in the material master record

Must be maintained for both the sales order and delivery

Question 38

Advantages and disadvantages of individual requirements over summarized requirements

Answer 38

Advantages

• Backorder processing is possible for individual processing
• We can access the order and line items and schedule lines in the stock requirements list. This gives more control over the available stock and the requirements placed on the stock

Disadvantages

• There may be slightly more impact on system performance as each demand is placed immediately into the stock requirements list

Question 39

Individual requirements info

Answer 39

System automatically uses individual requirements for special stock movements such as consignment stock, returnable packaging, etc. even if summarized requirements have been selected

Question 40

Availability check info

Answer 40

Checking group + checking rule determine how availability check is to be performed

Question 41

Checking rule

Answer 41

Used to control the scope of the availability check for each transaction in sales and distribution

Question 42

Schedule line category

Answer 42

Availability check may be fine-tuned at the schedule line level, in the same way transfer of requirements was carried out at the schedule line level

Question 43

Delivery item category

Answer 43

Used to control whether an availability check takes place in deliveries

Question 44

Requirements class

Answer 44

Used in the transfer of requirements controls the relevance for planning, requirements planning strategy, and requirements consumption strategy.

Responsible to determine if an availability check is to be performed for the material on the basis of the ATP quantity and whether the transfer of requirements is passed on.

Question 45

Requirements Type

Answer 45

Refers to the requirements class and its features. Requirements class is assigned to the requirements type in the transfer of requirements

Question 46

Required data for the availability check to be utilized

Answer 46

Availability check must be switched on at requirements class level

For the availability check in the sales documents, the indicator must be set at the schedule line category level

A requirements type must exist by which the requirements class can be found

A plant must be defined in the sales order for the line item.

A checking group must be defined in the material master record

Question 47

Inward/outward movements

Answer 47

• Include purchase orders, this is slightly better than purchase requisitions as it tells the system to include actual orders placed for more stock
• Include purchase requisitions, this is used by the system to determine if it should use the requisition for purchasing to obtain more stock in the availability check
• Include dependent requirements, this is used by the system to indicate if dependent requirements such as components of production order are taken into account
• Include reservations, this is used to determine if the system should take into account the reservations of stock for this material
• Include sales requirements, this is used to determine if the system should take into account the reservations of stock for this material
• Include deliveries, this is used by the system to include requirements passed on from a delivery document for this material
• Include shipping notifications, this is used by the system to include confirmed purchase orders, that is, surety that stock is coming into the plant or warehouse

Question 48

Availability check info

Answer 48

It is possible to also indicate to the system w\you would like the availability check not to check the stock at storage location level

Both sales and delivery requirements are taken into account in the availability check in sales documents. In delivery document ATP checks, only the delivery requirements are account

Carry out control for availability check must be maintained for both the sales order and delivery

Question 49

Determining procedure for each delivery item category

Answer 49

Switch off the availability check for specific delivery item categories i.e. returns deliveries

Question 50

The checking rule for updating backorders

Answer 50

Same checking rule as is configured in the carry out control of the availability check. This checking rule is used in the availability overview and during backorder processing

Question 51

Defining default settings for results of the availability check in the sales order

Answer 51

*insert pic*

Question 52

Blocking

Answer 52

Set up in the “Transfer for requirements”

Question 53

Availability Checking rule options

Answer 53

One-time delivery, system will try to confirm the material for the requested delivery date

Complete delivery, system will only confirm delivery date on a date where the entire scheduled ordered quantity for that line in the sales order is available

Delivery proposal, the system will confirm the quantity it has available for the requested delivery date. It will create another confirmation on the resulting outstanding material for the end of the lead time or for when new stock is due to be available

Sales Document processing, within the sales document you may select an availability check across plants.

Question 54

2 specific messages related to product allocations and ATP when carrying out an availability check on a line item

Answer 54

“Product Allocation found changes to the confirmation” The customer purchasing the stock has exceeded his allowed quanitity and the product allocation has limited the quantity he may consume for this material. for this particular line item

“No feature combination exists…“ No availability check will be carried out as the system has tried to do an availability check according to product allocation but has found that there are errors in the set up of the process