Available to promise and transfer of requirements Flashcards
Material Determination
Method in SAP SD to determine the material to be used in the sales order.
Uses the condition technique to substitute on material in the sales order for another when certain conditions are met
Triggered by the material entered in the line item of the sales order.
Material Determination 2
Sometimes referred to as product selection and can be automatic or manual.
Material Determination 3
Begins by defining the condition type which is the same as defining the material determination
Defining Access sequence
Sequence of steps that the system follows in sequential order to obtain a condition record.
Access sequence must exist before you can assign it to a condition type.
Access number is the order in which the system will read the access sequence.
Condition tables
A tabulated combination of fields.
Determination Procedure
When a sales order is created and the determination procedure is accessed, the procedure then calls the condition types in sequence. The condition types then each individually calls the access sequence and subsequently calls the condition tables, which the system then checks to see if a valid condition record exists.
Determination Procedure 2
By assigning the material determination procedure to the sales document type, you are activating material determination.
A substitution reason, a rule that controls the material determination’s execution.
Material Listing and Exclusion
Used to list the products or services specific customers may or may not purchase.
Uses the condition technique to determine its values and procedure.
It applies to two partner functions in Sales and distribution: the Sold-to Party and the payer.
Condition Technique configuration
- Put the fields you will need into the field catalog
- Creation the condition tables you will need
- Create the access sequence you will need.
- Assign the condition tables to the access sequence
- Create the condition types.
- Assign the access sequence to the condition types 7. Create the determination procedure (if necessary) and assign the condition types to it.
- Assign the determination procedure
- Lastly, create your condition records.
Materials Requirements Planning and Transfer of requirements
Customer’s requested delivery date and quantity to be delivered is transferred (transfer of requirements) to materials requirements planning (MRP).
MRP determines if there is enough quantity of stock available for the scheduled delivery date.
Closely integrated with the materials management and production planning modules.
Schedule lines in the sales order transfer the requirements through to MRP.
Individual or Collective Requirements
The transfer of requirements can either be a transfer of requirements with an individual requirement or a transfer of requirements with collective requirements.
This is set up in the “availability check” field in the material master record
Individual requirements
individual transference of demand to MRP for each schedule line.
Advantage is that you can use the “availability overview”(a screen) can show you individual aspects (order quantity, sales document number, item number and requirement class of the schedule line.
The view for the availability overview is configured using checking groups
Collective requirements
Collective grouping of requirements created either daily or weekly and transferred to MRP.
The documents created in collective requirement processing cannot be individually identified from the availability overview.
Advantage, allows businesses with very large volume to have a clearer view from the availability overview.
The system will automatically create individual requirements for materials with collective requirements indicated on the material master for transactions that create special stock.
Transfer of Requirements
The same control elements used for availability check are used for the transfer of requirements.
Dependent on the following data
- Requirements type
- Requirements class (key factor), based on the requirements type for the sales document
- Checking group
- Schedule line category
Criteria for transfer of requirements to be carried out
- Plant must be assigned to the sales document line item level
- Schedule line category must be switched on for transfer of requirements
- Transfer of requirements must be switched on at the requirements class level
- Checking group must be defined and allocated to the material master record in the Sales: General/Plant view in the availability check field.
Availability check
shows the confirmed quantities at schedule line level
Passing on of requirements
Shows the ordered quantity (passing on of the demand)
Consumption Modes
Defines whether, and in which direction on the time axis from the requirements date the consumption of customer requirements with planned independent requirements should occur. The requirements date corresponds to the date the sales order items were created.
Consumption Modes Options/Forwards or Backwards scheduling
- No planning consumption
- Backwards consumption only, starting from the requirements date, backwards consumption is carried out within the relevant consumption period
- Forwards consumption only, starting from the requirements date, forward consumption is carried out within the relevant consumption period.
- Backwards/forwards consumption, Starting from the requirements date, backwards consumption is performed first of all. Then, if no planned independent requirements can be allocated before the requirements date, forward consumption is performed. Both procedures are carried out for the relevant consumption period.
- Forwards/backwards consumption, Starting from the requirements date, forward consumption is performed first of all. Then, if no independent requirements can be allocated after the requirements date, backwards consumption is performed. Both procedures are carried out for the relevant consumption period.
Planning materials
You can have a common planning material and assign similar materials to it.
Independent requirements are created for the planning material to cover the requirements that are expected for the materials assigned to the planning material. So the customer requiremetns for the similar materials are consumed by the independent materials of the planning material.
You assign the planning material to the materials in MRP 3 screen.
You also need to enter the “strategy group” for planning uisng the planning materials on the MRP 3 screen
You can’t use a transfer of requirements on sales or delivery documents when using a planning material. The actual requirement from the sales or delivery documents consumes the independent requirement of the planning material. The independent requirement is reduced. Then the MRP runs, requirements are created for the order or delivery, and the balance of the independent requirement is reduced.
Stock Overview
A view of stock and situation of stock levels in a plant
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Requirements Classes
Preset template, but can be created
The controlling factor for the availability check and transfer of requirements for all sales documents types.
The system uses the entries at requirements class level as a default and brings the data into the sales order.
Scehdule line category is use to fine-tune the settings at requirements class level
Defining Requirements Types
Allocated to a single requirements class.
Displayed in the sales order.
Based on the item category and the MRP type of the material.
Possible to be changed at the time of creating the sales order.
Template, but can be created
Determination of Requirement Types using Transaction
You assign the requirements type to the relevant item category in the sales order and MRP type found in the material master record.
The MRP type is used in the material master to determine how a material is planned
Pre-defined search strategy for requirements type determination
- Attempt is made to find a requirements type using the strategy group in the material master
- If stategy group has not been maintained, system will determine it using the MRP group
- If MRP group has not been defined, system uses the material type instead of MRP group when accessisng the corresponding control tables
- If no requirements type is found, system assumes a special rule and attempts to find a requirements type by the item category and MRP type
- If not possible, final attempt is made to find a requirements type with item category only
- If final attempt fails, the system declares the transaction as not relevant for the availability chek or transfer of requirements
Defining procedure for each schedule line category
As discussed previously the transfer of requirements and the availability
Maintaining Requirements for Transfer of Requirements
Requirements may also be used to determine that the transfer of requirements to MRP is not carried out unless a number of conditions are met
Maintaining Requirements for purchase and assembly orders
Sometimes you need a purchase order, an order to purchase the materials for the product being sold, in order to meet the demand on MRP for the customer
Direct procurement
Third-party order processing and assembly processing
Credit block the sales order prevents creation of the procurement element.
Availability check
determines if the requested delivery quantity can be available for shipping in order to meet the customer’s requested delivery date.
Carried out at plant level
Results in material availability date (contains the pick pack time, the loading tim. and the transportation scheduling time)
These dates result in a planned goods issue date (the planned date the goods are transfeerred from the business’ ownership and control, possibly to a shipping agent.
Shipping dates then added to the goods issue date, resulting in a delivery date, which is then communicated to the customer when the sales order is placed.
Back order processing
Processing a backorder, which in itself is a sales order that has not been confirmed in full or not confirmed at a certain delivery date
Rescheduling
Proposal of how confirmed quantities already assigned to sales orders may be reassigned to other orders that have a higher priority
ATP
Available to promise, basis of the availability check.
Takes into account all movements into and out of the warehouse.
Four types of stock
- Safety stock
- Stock in transfer
- Stock in quality inspection
- Blocked stock
Planned receipts, and planned issues of the stock associated
- Purchase orders
- Purchase requisitions
- Planned orders
- Production orders
- reservations dependent reservations
- dependent requirements
- sales requirements
- delivery requirements
Special Stock
i.e. Made-to-order goods or consignment stock
Replenishment Lead time
Time needed to produce the requested stock
Only used when doing an ATP check Determined one of two ways.
- Externally procured material, Determined based on the total of the processing time for purchasing, the planned delivery time and the goods receipt processing time
- Internally procured material, Based on the in-house production time, seen on the MRP 2 view as goods receipt processing time, or alternatively if set, from the total replenishment lead time, which is found in the material master record on the MRP 3 view.
Three types of availability checks
- Availability check on the basis of the ATP quantities
- Availability check against product allocation, with which one is able to do an availability check against -product allocation, allowing a predefined distribution quantity of products to customers
- The third availability check takes place in the stand-alone APO (Advanced Planner and Optimizer) planning system from SAP
Checking groups
Define what type of requirements we will pass on
SAP standard
- 01 Daily requirements
- 02 Individual requirements
Checking group + checking rule = how the availability check is to be performed
Resides in the material master record
Must be maintained for both the sales order and delivery
Advantages and disadvantages of individual requirements over summarized requirements
Advantages
- Backorder processing is possible for individual processing
- We can access the order and line items and schedule lines in the stock requirements list. This gives more control over the available stock and the requirements placed on the stock
Disadvantages
- There may be slightly more impact on system performance as each demand is placed immediately into the stock requirements list
Individual requirements info
System automatically uses individual requirements for special stock movements such as consignment stock, returnable packaging, etc. even if summarized requirements have been selected
Availability check info
Checking group + checking rule determine how availability check is to be performed
Checking rule
Used to control the scope of the availability check for each transaction in sales and distribution
Schedule line category
Availability check may be fine-tuned at the schedule line level, in the same way transfer of requirements was carried out at the schedule line level
Delivery item category
Used to control whether an availability check takes place in deliveries
Requirements class
Used in the transfer of requirements controls the relevance for planning, requirements planning strategy, and requirements consumption strategy.
Responsible to determine if an availability check is to be performed for the material on the basis of the ATP quantity and whether the transfer of requirements is passed on.
Requirements Type
Refers to the requirements class and its features. Requirements class is assigned to the requirements type in the transfer of requirements
Required data for the availability check to be utilized
Availability check must be switched on at requirements class level
For the availability check in the sales documents, the indicator must be set at the schedule line category level
A requirements type must exist by which the requirements class can be found
A plant must be defined in the sales order for the line item.
A checking group must be defined in the material master record
Inward/outward movements
- Include purchase orders, this is slightly better than purchase requisitions as it tells the system to include actual orders placed for more stock
- Include purchase requisitions, this is used by the system to determine if it should use the requisition for purchasing to obtain more stock in the availability check
- Include dependent requirements, this is used by the system to indicate if dependent requirements such as components of production order are taken into account
- Include reservations, this is used to determine if the system should take into account the reservations of stock for this material
- Include sales requirements, this is used to determine if the system should take into account the reservations of stock for this material
- Include deliveries, this is used by the system to include requirements passed on from a delivery document for this material
- Include shipping notifications, this is used by the system to include confirmed purchase orders, that is, surety that stock is coming into the plant or warehouse
Availability check info
It is possible to also indicate to the system w\you would like the availability check not to check the stock at storage location level
Both sales and delivery requirements are taken into account in the availability check in sales documents. In delivery document ATP checks, only the delivery requirements are account
Carry out control for availability check must be maintained for both the sales order and delivery
Determining procedure for each delivery item category
Switch off the availability check for specific delivery item categories i.e. returns deliveries
The checking rule for updating backorders
Same checking rule as is configured in the carry out control of the availability check. This checking rule is used in the availability overview and during backorder processing
Defining default settings for results of the availability check in the sales order
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Blocking
Set up in the “Transfer for requirements”
Availability Checking rule options
One-time delivery, system will try to confirm the material for the requested delivery date
Complete delivery, system will only confirm delivery date on a date where the entire scheduled ordered quantity for that line in the sales order is available
Delivery proposal, the system will confirm the quantity it has available for the requested delivery date. It will create another confirmation on the resulting outstanding material for the end of the lead time or for when new stock is due to be available
Sales Document processing, within the sales document you may select an availability check across plants.
2 specific messages related to product allocations and ATP when carrying out an availability check on a line item
“Product Allocation found changes to the confirmation” The customer purchasing the stock has exceeded his allowed quanitity and the product allocation has limited the quantity he may consume for this material. for this particular line item
“No feature combination exists…“ No availability check will be carried out as the system has tried to do an availability check according to product allocation but has found that there are errors in the set up of the process
