LOCAL HISTORY

Question 1

Article: Daniel Francis /Marketing the imaginary Dinner

Answer 1

Using indigenous symbols in marketing
>trivializes indigenous figures and history
>According to Francis, the advertising of Indigenous culture served to reinforce existing stereotypes in mainstream culture

Question 2

Article: Gary Miedema / For Canada’s Sake: The Centennial Celebrations of 1967, legitimation and the restructuring of Canada public life.

Answer 2

Miedema analyzes the Canadian Interfaith Conference (CIC) as a case study of Canada’s emphasis on a symbolic transition from old to new, as well as on increasing both “citizen participation” and national unity at the time of the Centennial Celebrations of 1967. Miedema argues that Canada’s governing authorities developed the CIC with notions of employing religious influence to increase national stability and as a unifying agent among Canada’s citizens

Question 3

Article: Ian Mckay / Peggys Cove

Answer 3

“Peggy’s Cove” would serve as a foreshadow to the change in tourism that would occur in Canada, after the Second World War.
Change in tourist wild landscape come discover the natural beauty of Canada kind of shit

Question 4

Courtney Mason / Glengarry Highland Games: 1949-2003; Problematizing the Role of Tourism, Scottish Cultural Institutions, and the Cultivation of Identities

Answer 4

The Glengarry Highland Games: 1949-2003 article looks at the role that tourism, Scottish cultural traditions and the cultivation of identities plays in the growth of “Scottish-ness” from 1949 to 2003Another item Mason touches on is the rise of Scottish Highland Cultural Institutions

Question 5

Jonathan Vance / Death so Noble

Answer 5

Vance notes how frequently people think that because we view an event a certain way today, that is how it was viewed the time it occurred
World War two memory

Question 6

Linda J. Quinley / Borrowed Halos: Canadian Teachers as Voluntary Aid Detachment Nurse during the Great War

Answer 6

Linda J. Quinley has revealed the role Canadian women played during the First World War both in Canada and outside Canada. Quinley notes that while the role of British women during the war has been well documented, their Canadian counterparts have been forgotten.

Question 7

Andrea Terry /Gender and Canadian Nationhood and ‘Keeping House’: The Cultural Bureaucratisation of Dundurn Castle in Hamilton, Ontario, 1900-1960s

Answer 7

In Andrea Terry’s chapter, “Gender and Canadian Nationhood and ‘Keeping House’: The Cultural Bureaucratisation of Dundurn Castle in Hamilton, Ontario, 1900-1960s”, Terry investigates the role of ‘women volunteerists’ and their involvement in the museumification of Dundurn Castle (48)
She gets no recognition and new job becomes available and they don’t give it to her.

Question 8

Misao Dean/ The Centennial Voyageur Canoe Pageant as Historical Re-enactment

Answer 8

Justin Trudeau was photographed during the 2015 election campaign paddling along the Bow River. The canoe has long held a sacred place in Canadian history as the representation of our reverence for history, a tool of exploration and discovery. In the article by Dean, “The Centennial Voyageur Canoe Pageant as Historical Re-enactment”, she describes the canoe event that left Mountain House, Alberta on May 24 and finished in Montreal on the Expo site on September 4, 1967. The Canoe Pageant was a media success garnering wide coverage and great participation in small communities along the route. The organizers of the event “represented the race as re-enacting specific nationalist historiography that portrayed the voyageurs as “the founders of Canada” and legitimized Canada itself as a culturally and geographically unified nation”.

Question 9

Karen Dubinsky /Honky-Tonk City: Niagara and the Post-War Travel Boom

Answer 9

argues that the advantageous geography of Niagara Falls in combination with the post-war spike in tourism created the perfect storm resulting in the extreme commercialization of the Falls and development of its notoriety as a hub for working class travelers.

Question 10

Cecilia Morgan / Of Slender Frame and Delicate Appearance”: the Placing of Laura Secord in the Narratives of Canadian Loyalist History

Answer 10

organ’s article focuses on the construction of Laura Secord as a figure of Loyalist heroism and patriotism (Morgan, 196). Secord’s narrative and her contributions to the war effort have traditionally been tied to imperialism and nationalism within Canada by writers and historians (197). This article makes a general argument about the gendered symbolization of nationalism and narratives of Loyalism (197

Question 11

Geoffrey Hayes / From Berlin to the Trek of the Conestoga, A Revisionist Approach to Waterloo County’s German Identity

Answer 11

explores the changing perceptions that occurred in the Waterloo region in regards to Berlin Canada and the german identity during the nineteenth century.

Question 12

Winfield Fretz / The Plain and Not-so-Plain Mennonites in Waterloo Country, Ontario

Answer 12

discusses the spectrum of Mennonites specifically in Waterloo County. Fretz takes a sociologist approach to the spectrum of Mennonite groups present, which range from conservative, moderate and progressive categories.

Question 13

Debra Nash Chambers / Creating a Global Guelph: Contextualizing the Last Fifty Years of Population Growth

Answer 13

discusses three main factors that contributed to the development of Guelph Ontario: Immigration, the economy, and Guelph University.

Question 14

Iacovetta, F. Ordering in Bulk: Canada’s Postwar Immigration Policy and the Recruitment of Contract Workers from Italy. Journal of American Ethnic History

Answer 14

This article discusses the policy of immigration in Canada (Iacovetta, 1991). It also explores contract recruitment among Italian workers.

Question 15

Robert McDonald // He thought he was the boss of everything

Answer 15

follows the story of a prestigious Vancouver family and their ideas of gender in their position of class, ethnicity, and race. Henry Ogle (H.O.) wrote a letter to his six sons while they were away at school, displeased with their motivation for education. He was disappointed with the way they were acting and believed as a man of success and honour they needed to be able to act a certain way

Question 16

Niwayama, Yuukichi // Caught In-Between: The Life History of a Japanese Canadian Woman Deportee

Answer 16

offers the perspective of a single Japanese Canadian woman’s deportation from Canada to Japan during the war and ultimate repatriation back to Canada as a case study for the overall treatment of Japanese minorities throughout Canadian history
Niwayama argues that when Pearl harbour was attacked the national feelings of resentment that ignited in the early 1900s were relit and all people of Japanese origin were considered “enemy Aliens”

Question 17

Emily Potter’s / From Whence They Came: The Ewing Family Fonds

Answer 17

The letters offer invaluable information for the personal experiences the Scottish family had in their emigration to Canada and beyond. Her analysis of the data was likewise impressive, putting together the pieces of a historical puzzle to create an idea of what this particular family may have been feeling and dealing with during this period. However, her last addition to the conclusion that these experiences would have likely applied to many families should not be considered the whole story of Canadian immigration during the nineteenth century. This is a story of successful immigration, but should be considered in the context of the time period, ethnic origin, and area in which the family immigrated.

Question 18

Bennett McCardles / The records of Chinese immigration at the national archives of Canada

Answer 18

explores Chinese immigration in Canada by examining records from the 1885 Chinese Immigration act to the dissolvement of said laws in 1967
The available archives are significant as they not only showcase Canada’s determance to deny the existence of Chinese-Canadians but also give insight towards how ancestry played a role in immigration patterns as a whole

Question 19

Desjardin, Bertrand, Alain Bideau, Guy Brunet, Hubert Charbonneau, and Jacques Légaré’s article / From France to New France: Quebec Past and Present

Answer 19

authors investigate how family names in Quebec developed over a period of four centuries and what became of these names in their place of origin France (p. 216). In Westren Europe (France Included) family names began in the Middle Ages and have continued till this day (p. 215). They then rapidly changed due to migration,reproduction and use of surnames (p. 215). The processes in which names were passed on were strictly patrlinear, passed on by the Father (p. 216). French settlement in Canada was extremely well documented as French can be traced coming from Paris, normandy, Westren France (p. 216). French Quebecers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centurie

Question 20

Evelyn Peters / The Ontario’s Metis: Some Aspects of Metis Identity

Answer 20

This article discusses a study of a group 700 hundred Metis people from Ontario attempting to answer the bigger question of who are the Metis? This is a difficult question because of the different origins of those that call themselves metis. The study distributed questionnaires to gain data on Metis characteristics, attitudes, and opinions on Bill C-31, and the constitutional negotiations on self-governance

Question 21

Rogers and Rogers’// “Method for Reconstructing Patterns of Change: Surname Adoption by the Weagamow Ojibwa, 1870-1950

Answer 21

provides an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of combining data from archival research and ethnographic fieldwork. The authors utilize both of the these research methods in order to address the gaps and misinformation that accompanies the use of a single method. This method of supplementation is argued to provide more accurate conclusions and greater insights when analyzing a single case (Rogers and Rogers, p. 319-320). One method of research alone is not robust enough to provide enough data to accurately reconstruct a history. Rogers and Rogers chose to apply this method to the Ojibway community of Weagamow Lake by using decades worth of fieldwork, government documents, church records, and trading post data (p. 322).

Question 22

Concept Imaginary Indian

Answer 22

He argues that the “imaginary Indian” has been used in tourist marketing to “sell” the West in both nations.

Question 23

Anne of green Gables

Answer 23

Example of Folklore

Question 24

Why was folklore promoted?

Answer 24

the phenomenon of folklore and its exploitation to create marketable regional identities designed to assist the tourist industry. Tourism offered greater economic sustainability to small coastal communities in the Maritimes and Newfoundland. Their isolation offered tourists and academics insights into the lives of the Fisherfolk as well as the stories, songs and dialects of their communities.

Question 25

Just War

Answer 25

in order to have peace you have to fight those that threaten it

Question 26

Lt-Col McCrae

Answer 26

The human cost of battles in the Great War was immortalized in the poem “In Flanders Fields” written by Guelph-born Dr. John McCrae. Following the publication of the poem in London in Punch magazine in December of 1915, the image of blood-red red poppies amid crosses row on row caught hearts and minds among the Allied countries and in the years to follow the war the poppy became an international symbol of remembrance.

Question 27

What caused the interest in wilderness tourism in Canada

Answer 27

Wilderness adventures in British North America remained in vogue in the nineteenth century due to the Romantic Movement in England that mythologized nature in literature and travel guide books. The area’s viability as a travel destination was interrupted by the War of 1812 (1812-1815). The Niagara peninsula became a key battlefield area due to its proximity to enemy forces from the United States. Battles were fought on land and at sea in the Maritimes, Lower Canada, and Upper Canada.

Question 28

What is the significance of the war of 1812?

Answer 28

Rachel Hope Cleves notes that the war has become entwined with Canadian mythology related to nationhood and the current efforts to redefine Canada as a country with a strong military heritage. She submits that avid public interests in the War of 1812 encouraged Prime Minister Harper to “allocate $11.5 million to commemorate the two hundredth anniversary of the war”

Question 29

Whats the significance of Laura Secord?

Answer 29

Secord’s valour was sometimes minimized by later generations who did not realize the risk she took or the rugged Niagara terrain she traversed for twenty miles to take the overheard plans of the American occupiers of her farm near Queenston to British officials at Beaver Dams while her family remained in the farmhouse with the American interlopers.

Question 30

How did the War effect Kitchener?

Answer 30

Speaking German, subscribing to German language publications, and attending Lutheran churches where German was spoken from the pulpit raised suspicion of disloyalty to Canada and the British Empire. Waterloo Lutheran Seminary, the forerunner of Wilfrid Laurier University, was scrutinized by locals and federal officials. Censors monitored newspapers published in German and later forced them to shut down. Language schools operated by Germans to keep the younger generations fluent in the German language became illegal. Suspected signs of disloyalty to the war effort were fodder for the press and the federal government urged the non-German citizenry to be vigilant for signs of subversive behavior in the city and surrounding farm country. The pacifism of the local Mennonite communities was also questioned as the war continued.
any enemy aliens deemed potential subversives were arrested and sent to the 24 detention camps established across the nation by federal authorities.

Question 31

What year did they change Berlin to Kitchener?

Answer 31

1916

Question 32

When was it made illegal to sell contraceptive?

Answer 32

1892

Question 33

What caused a change in view on birth control?

Answer 33

The Great Depression
The containment of venereal diseases, continuing high maternal and infant mortality rates and the widespread deprivation faced by Canadian families during the Great Depression all contributed to new, vocal support for birth control and family planning.

First, law enforcement chose to ignore the activities of Dr. Carrie Bagshaw who distributed birth control information and devices from the first Canadian family planning clinic, established in Hamilton, Ontario in 1932.
Second, in 1936 a nurse named Dorothea Palmer was acquitted of charges related to the distributing of contraceptive devices to the working-class Catholic women of Eastview near Ottawa, Ontario.
Kaufman is remembered as a controversial philanthropist who challenged the status quo and won Kitchener the distinction of being in the vanguard of family planning in Canada.

Question 34

How did Kitchener change focus from on German heritage after world war 1

Answer 34

By focusing on their mennonite history

Question 35

Where did immigration begin in Wellington County? and where did they come from?

Answer 35

East
Immigration began on the east side of the county. Early arrivals in Erin, Eramosa, and Garafraxa were predominately Loyalists, or sons and daughters of Loyalists, or served during the War of 1812.
Niagara area

Question 36

What is the relationship between Pilkington’s and Elora?

Answer 36

Allan notes that the first white settler came to Elora in 1817 to build a dam and sawmill on behalf of land owner General Pilkington. Roswell Newcomer was a Welsh carpenter and millwright who came to Upper Canada from the United States

Question 37

What is a Tweedsmuir history?

Answer 37

History of Elora

Local historian Roberta Allan

Question 38

What helped bring economy to Elora and centre wellington?

Answer 38

Charles Allan
In 1842 Alan entered partnership with Alexander Watt and James and Arthur Ross who were fellow Scots living in Fergus. They purchased water rights on the Grand River and adjacent lands to build a dam, sawmill, and the bridge to span the river contracted to Foote and Cattanach that is reputed to be the first cantilever bridge in America

Question 39

What is the settlement history of Fergus?

Answer 39

the earliest history of the settlement was the story of Black Loyalists led by Richard Pierpoint who received settlement grants for military service in the War of 1812. Known as the Pierpoint Settlement, the lands in West Garafraxa granted to these Black settlers in 1821 were located where Jones’ Base Line now crosses the Grand River in modern day Fergus

Question 40

What is the story of Richard Pierpoint?

Answer 40

Richard Pierpoint is the slave name given to a young man born about 1744 in Bondou, Senagal. He was captured by slave traders and transported to the American colonies where he was purchased by a British Officer stationed in New York. During the American Revolution, or War for Independence, Pierpoint joined dozens of Africans who fought with Loyalists in Butler’s Rangers. He came north as a Loyalist refugee after the war and accepted a 200 acre land grant near St. Catharines. Pierpoint organized a Black unit to defend Upper Canada during the War of 1812 and at age 60 he served in the unit under the command of white officers. His land claim for service rendered during the War of 1812 brought him to West Garafraxa to found the Pierpoint Settlement. After completing his settlement obligations, Pierpoint was granted full title to his land in 1826
Petition for an all Black unit in the war of 1812

Question 41

Who and what year was Guelph established?

Answer 41

John Galt in 1827

Question 42

What does Ward say about the Japanese in Canada?

Answer 42

ccording to Ward, there were three waves of anti-Japanese sentiment in BC prior their evacuation from the coast and the internment (detention) of Japanese residents of all ages as enemy aliens during World War II. Ward dates the resurgence of anti-Japanese at 1937-38, 1940, and 1941-42 (Ward, p. 142). Japan allied with Germany during the war and Vancouverites joined other non-Japanese residents on the coast in the fear that Japanese residents were a threat to national security. An apology for the interment was given by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney on September 22, 1988, surviving internees were awarded $21, 000 in compensation and those who were deported to Japan had their Canadian citizenship reinstated

Question 43

What does Margaret Conrad, Jocelyn Létourneau, and David Northrup titled “Canadians and Their Pasts: An Exploration in Historical Consciousness” article reveal?

Answer 43

In 1997 the findings were presented in Youth and History where a key finding was that those surveyed preferred family history to political and other more traditional forms of history taught in school (p. 18)

Question 44

What are some issues with studying genealogy specifically French

Answer 44

If fewer males than females are born over the generations, the surname becomes less significant within a region’s population or across the nation. Also, a lack of consistency in spelling slows research and strategies are needed to address the complications faced by the researcher.

Question 45

What was the Métis Population Betterment Act in 1938?

Answer 45

Four tracts of land had their protected status rescinded by the Alberta government and they included Touchwood, Marlboro, Cold Lake and Wolf Lake [Métis Settlements, Canadian Encyclopedia online]. On the eighth protected grants a vibrant culture has endured: “jigging, a favourite form of dance, mixes the reels of Scotland and France with the chicken dance of the Cree. A distinct Métis language called Michif (combining Cree, French and English words) is still spoken.

Question 46

what is war brides?

Answer 46

The war brides were women who married Canadian servicemen during or shortly after the war and many arrived with infants or children. Roughly 40.000 war brides came to Canada to start new lives. They were followed shortly by refugees from war-torn Europe where starvation, inadequate housing and unemployment were obstacles to post-war recovery. Officially known as displaced persons, they were more commonly known in Canada as “DPs”.