Local Anesthetics

Question 1

Procaine (novicaine)

Answer 1

Ester type, is short acting, and commonly given without a vasoconstrictor and has rapid metabolism in the plasma. It is not as useful as a topical anesthetic.

Question 2

Tetracaine

Answer 2

Ester type, Is used primarily for the topical anesthesia of the eye, nose, and throat mucosal regions and for spinal anethstesia.

Question 3

Cocaine

Answer 3

Ester type, has good penetration into tissue and has its own vasoconstrictive action. It is primarily used for upper respiratory tract mucosal membranes

Question 4

Lidocaine

Answer 4

Amide type, Is one of the most widely used local anesthetics, metabolized in the liver, and overdose may produce death due to ventricular fibrulation, but it is also used as an antiarrhythmic agent.

Question 5

Mepivicaine

Answer 5

Amide type, Action similar to lidocaine, is not effective topically, has a somewhat longer acting than lidocaine

Question 6

Bupivicaine

Answer 6

Amide type, is long-acting and potent local anesthetic commonly used for regional and epidural blocks, and prolonged surgery.

Question 7

Ropivicaine

Answer 7

Amide type, Is a long acting local anesthetic, but has less cardiovascular and CNS toxicity than bupivicaine.