Lobes, Sulci & Gyri of the brain Flashcards
What does the Parietooccipital sulcus separate?
Parietal lobe from the Occipital lobe
What is the central sulcus located?
Between the Frontal lobe and the parietal lobe & motor cortex from the somatosensory cortex
Where is the cerebral cortex located?
Outer part of cerebral hemisphere
What is the cerebral cortex made up of?
Grey matter, which consists largely of the nerve cell bodies
What is the brainstem made up of?
Midbrain, Pons & Medulla oblongata
What are the 3 main divisions of the brain?
Forebrain, Midbrain & Hindbrain
What is contained within the forebrain?
Hypothalamus, Thalamus and Cerebral Hemispheres
What is contained within the hindbrain?
Pons, Medulla Oblongata and Cerebellum
Where does the medulla oblongata exit the skull from?
The foramen magma
What is the largest foramen in the base of the skull?
Foramen Magma
What runs between the two cerebral hemispheres?
Longitudinal Fissure
Name the 4 lobes found in each cerebral hemisphere
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?
The medial surface till the parietooccipital sulcus and supply a strip one inch wide on the lateral surface
State the arterial supply of the medial surface
Anterior & Posterior cerebral artery
What does the Middle cerebral artery supply?
The lateral surface except for a narrow strip supplied by ant cerebral artery up and posterior cerebral artery down
What is the arterial supply of the lateral surface?
Middle, Interior & Posterior cerebral arteries
What does the Posterior cerebral artery supply?
Occipital pole & Inferior surface on both the medial and lateral sides
What is the arterial supply of the tip of the temporal lobe?
Branch of the middle cerebral artery
List the main sulci of the super-lateral surface
Post Central Intraparietal Sup. Temporal Inferior Temporal Inferior Forntal Superior Frontal Precentral
How many main sulcus does the frontal lobe have?
2
Where is the central sulcus located?
Between the frontal and parietal lobes
What occupies the post-central gyrus?
Primary sensory cortex
What occupies the pre-central gyrus?
Primary Motor Cortex
What would happen if there was a thrombus on the right side of the brain?
Patient will have lack of movement on the left side
Where does most crossing over happen in the brain?
At the medulla oblongata before leaving the foramen magna
What separates the Lingual gyrus?
Calcarine sulcus
What is the corpus callosum?
Band of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres
What is the role of the corpus callousum?
Allows different parts of the cerebrum to communicate with each other
What separates the medial surface from the opposite side?
Great longitudinal fissure and the falx cerebri
What is white matter made up of?
Largely of axons forming tracts or pathways
List the three types of white matter?
Association fibers
Commissural fibers
Projection fibers
Whats the role of association fibres?
Interconnect the cortical areas of the same cerebral hemisphere (connecting areas on the same side)
Give an example of association fibres
Superior longitudinal fasciculus connecting the front and the back of cerebrum
Whats the role of commissural fibres?
Interconnect the corresponding cortical areas of the two cerebral hemispheres (cross midline)
Give examples of commissural fibres
The fornix connects the cortex of the hippocampus in each hemisphere.
The corpus callosum the largest commissure. Its first fibers connect the frontal and parietal lobes of both sides
Whats the role of projection fibres?
The fibers that descend or ascend between the cerebral cortex and the lower centers in the brain stem and spinal cord (connect brain-spinal cord)
Give examples of projection fibres
Corona radiata which connects the cortex above with the thalamus, pons, medulla, and spinal cord
