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Anatomy of Dentistry Semester 2 > CSF and Functional areas of the Brain > Flashcards

CSF and Functional areas of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 lobes of the cerebral hemisphere

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

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2
Q

State the location of the frontal lobe

A

It lies in front of the central sulcus

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3
Q

What does the Frontal Lobe contain?

A
  • Motor area which controls the movement of the opposite half of of the body.
  • Broca’s area control speech and it is present in the left hemisphere of the right-handed person
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4
Q

What function is the pre-central gyrus responsible for?

A

Motor area i.e. control movement of opposite side

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5
Q

State the area (number) of the brain responsible for the motor motion

A

4

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6
Q

What function is the inferior frontal gyrus responsible for?

A

Motor speech

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7
Q

State the area (number) of the brain responsible for the motor speech

A

44 & 45

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8
Q

State the location of the Parietal lobe

A

It lies behind the central sulcus

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9
Q

What does the Parietal Lobe contain?

A

It contains the sensory area

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10
Q

State the area (number) of the brain responsible for the sensory function

A

3, 1 , 2

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11
Q

What function is the post-central gyrus responsible for?

A

Sensory function i.e. receive sensation from the opposite half of the body

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12
Q

State the location of the Temporal lobe

A

It lies below the lateral sulcus

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13
Q

State the area (number) of the brain responsible for the auditory function

A

41, 42

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14
Q

What function is the superior temporal gyrus responsible for?

A

Hearing/ Auditory Function

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15
Q

What does the Temporal Lobe contain?

A

Contains the auditory area

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16
Q

State the location of the Occipital lobe

A

It lies posterior to the temporal and parietal lobes

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17
Q

State the area (number) of the brain responsible for the visual function

A

17, 18, 19

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18
Q

What function is the occipital pole responsible for?

A

Vision

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19
Q

What does the Occipital Lobe contain?

A

Contains the visual area

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20
Q

State the area number of the premotor area

A

6

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21
Q

State the area number of the Brochas area

A

44

22
Q

What does the Limbic/ Cingulate Lobe control?

A

Emotions

23
Q

What does the apex of the brain control?

A

Upper part of lower limb i.e. hip joint

24
Q

What does the medial area of the brain control?

A

The Medial & Lower parts of the lower limb

25
Q

What does the left side of the brain control?

A

Sensory Function

26
Q

What does the right side of the brain control?

A

Motor Function

27
Q

What is the Basal Ganglia?

A

Collection of masses of grey matter situated within each cerebral hemisphere

28
Q

List the 3 Basal Ganglia

A

1) Corpus striatum
2) Amygdaloid nucleus
3) Claustrum

29
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the corpus striatum?

A

Caudate nucleus &lentiform nucleus

30
Q

What is the treatment of Hydrocephalus? Describe it.

A

Ventriculoatrial shunt – allow CSF to escape and flow from the cerebral ventricular system to the right atrium of the heart and reduce the risk of brain damage. This only extends the number of years the baby will live i.e. die before 20.

31
Q

What is Hydrocephalus?

A

Abnormal increase in the volume of the cerebrospinal fluid within the skull

32
Q

What causes Hydrocephalus?

A

(1) Abnormal increase in the formation of the fluid
(2) Blockage of the circulation of the fluid
(3) Diminished absorption of the fluid.

33
Q

List the two types of Hydrocephalus and describe them

A

Internal Hydrocephalus = Excessive CSF in the ventricles.

External Hydrocephalus = Accumulation of CSF in the subarachnoid space.

34
Q

What happens when the CSF reaches the sub-arachnoid space?

A

It is drained/ reabsorbed

35
Q

What makes up the 4th ventricle?

A

Space present in the hind brain

36
Q

Where can CSF be found in the brain?

A

Circulating theventricular systemof the brain - found in the cavities

37
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

Majority is produced from within the twolateral ventricles

38
Q

Describe the flow of CSF

A
  • CSF passes through Interventricular foramina (of Monro)
  • Third ventricle
  • Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius)
  • Fourth ventricle
  • Fluid passes through three foramina to enter Subarachnoid space
  • Through theForamen of Magendie on the midline
  • Two Foramina of Luschka laterally
  • Reabsorbed into the venous sinuses via arachnoid granulations
39
Q

What covers brain and spinal cord?

A

Subarachnoid space

40
Q

Where is the aqueduct found?

A

Between the 3rd & 4th Ventricle

41
Q

State the function of the CSF

A

Protects brain and spinal cord from trauma.
Supplies nutrients to nervous system tissue.
Removes waste products from cerebral metabolism.

42
Q

State the weight of the brain in and out of CSF

A

Brain weight about 1500 g but suspended in CSF 50 g

43
Q

What is found in the Diencephalon?

A

Consistsofhypothalamus,thalamus,,metathalamus,

andepithalamus

44
Q

State the two central canals/ narrow cavities of the brain

A

Midbrain (Aqueduct of Sylvius).

Central canal of spinal cord

45
Q

Where are the 2 lateral ventricles found?

A

One in each cerebral hemisphere.

46
Q

What is the third ventricle known as?

A

Cavity of diencephalon

47
Q

What is the fourth ventricle known as?

A

Cavity of the hindbrain (pons, medulla and cerebellum)

48
Q

Where is the interventricular foramen of Monro found?

A

Between the 3rd & 4th ventricle

49
Q

How much CSF is roughly produced each day? How much is usually present at one time and why?

A

500 mL

It is constantly reabsorbed, so that only 100-160 mL is present at any one time.

50
Q

How is CSF formed?

A

Ependymal cellsof thechoroid plexusproduce the CSF from arterial blood by a combined process of diffusion and active transfer.

51
Q

Where is CSF formed?

A

In thefour ventriclesof the brain by thechoroid plexus (plexus of cells)

52
Q

What does CSF have a similar composition to?

A

Plasma (no cells)

Anatomy of Dentistry Semester 2 (7 decks)

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