Lobar pneumonia Flashcards
Why is gas exchange impaired in pneumonia
Reduced ventilation
What practice increases the risk of aspiration pneumonia
Unsafe swallowing
Lung mostly affected by aspiration pneumonia
Right
Chest pain in pneumonia
Pleuritic
CV responses in pneumonia
- tachycardia
- tachypnoea
- hypoxia
- hypotension
Microbe leading to abscess in pneumonia
S aureus
Why is there dull percussion in pneumonia
Tissue collapse/consolidation
Why is there focal coarse crackles in pneumonia
Air passing through sputum
Why is there bronchial breath sounds in pneumonia
Consolidation
Symptoms of strep pneumoniae +ve in CAP
- rusty sputum
- right lower lobe consolidation
- cold sores
- chest pain
Symptoms of haemophillus influenza -ve in CAP
- bronchitis
Epi of moraxellia caterrhalis In CAP
- immunocompromised
- chronic disease
What two conditions increase the risk of HAP caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa
- CF
- bronchiectasis
Which age group does pseudomonas aeruginosa affect more
Young
Epi of s aureus in HAP
- CF
- IVDU
- eld >inf
Features of organisms that cause atypical pneumonia
- cannot be cultured
- cannot detected by gram
- do not respond to penicillin
(Neurological) symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia (atypical)
- transverse myelitis
- back pain
- rash of erythema multiforme
MCQ presentation of atypical pneumonia caused by coxiella burnetii
- farmer
- flu-like symptoms
MCQ presentations of atypical pneumonia caused by legionella pneumophila
- hypoK
- cheap holiday
MCQ presentation of atypical pneumonia caused by chlamydia psittaci
Parrot owner
How does legionella pneumophila spread
- water supply
- air conditioning
Atypical pneumonia pathogen found in school-aged children
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Percussion in pneumonia
Dull
Vocal resonance in pneumonia
Tectile
Points of CURB-65
- Confusion
- Urea >7mmol/L
- RR>30
- BP <90/60
- > 65 age
Causative agent of fungal pneumonia
PCP
Why is PCP common amongst immunocompromised
Low CD4+
Symptoms of fungal pneumonia
- DRY cough
- SOB on EXERTION
- night sweats
Treatment of fungal pneumonia
Co-trimoxazole
Default Abx for CAP
PO amoxicillin (or doxycyline)
Abx in severe CAP
- cefuroxime + erythromycin
Typical Abx in HAP
IV Ceftazidime (3rd gen)
Abx if staph
Flucloxacillin
Abx if MRSA
Vancomycin
Abx if pseudomonas
Tazocin + gentamicin
Abx if atypical pneumonia
- cefuroxime
- macrolides
- levofloxacin
- doxycycline
Abx if chlamydia pneumoniae
Tetracycline
Abx if aspiration pneumonia
Co-amoxiclav
