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Y3 Respiratory Conditions > Asthma > Flashcards

Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

Asthma is

A

Chronic inflammatory disease

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2
Q

Is asthma reversible or non reversible

A

Reversible

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3
Q

Distinguishing characteristics of symptoms found in asthma

A
  • episodic
  • diurnal
  • atopic conditions
    (- bilateral widespread polyphonic wheeze)
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4
Q

Is asthma cough dry or productive

A

Dry

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5
Q

What stage of a male’s life is a RF for asthma

A

Prepubescent

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6
Q

1st line diagnostic tests for asthma

A
  • fractional exhaled NO

- spirometry

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7
Q

2nd line diagnostic tests for asthma

A
  • peak flow variability

- direct bronchial challenge with histamine

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8
Q

Preventative meds for asthma

A

ICS

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9
Q

Example of SABA

A

Salbutamol

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10
Q

Example of ICS

A

Beclometasone

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11
Q

Example of LABA

A

Salmeterol

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12
Q

Example of long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)

A

Tiotropium

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13
Q

Example of leukotriene receptor antagonists

A

Montelukast

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14
Q

Why should you be careful with theophylline

A

Narrow therapeutic window

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15
Q

1st step of asthma Tx

A

SAB2A + low dose ICS

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16
Q

2nd step of asthma Tx

A

Oral leukotriene receptor antagonist

17
Q

3rd step of asthma Tx

A

LABA inhaler

18
Q

When do you continue LABA inhaler

A

If good response

19
Q

Meds given for MART in 4th step of asthma Tx

A 
4th step (after LABA)
Low dose ICS + fast acting LABA
20
Q

5th & 6th steps of asthma Tx

A

+++ ICS to med & high dose

21
Q

what is the 7th step of asthma Tx

A
  • oral theophylline

- inhaled LAMA

22
Q

MSK indicator of asthma exacerbation

A

Accessory muscle use

23
Q

Why is there resp alkalosis in the initial stages of asthma exacerbation

A

Tachypnoea —> CO2 drop

24
Q

Why is there resp acidosis in life-threatening asthma exacerbation

A

T2RF: hypercapnia + hypoxia

25
Q

PEFR % in moderate asthma

A

50-75%

26
Q

PEFR % in severe asthma

A

33-50%

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27
Q

RR in severe asthma

A

> 25

28
Q

HR in severe asthma

A

> 110

29
Q

PEFR in life-threatening asthma

A

<33%

30
Q

O2 stats in life-threatening asthma

A

<92%

31
Q

Why is the chest silent in life-threatening asthma

A

No air entry —> no wheeze

HD instability

32
Q

Why does K+ need to be monitored when on salbutamol to avoid tachycardia

A

Drug causes K+ absorption into cells

33
Q

What is given in moderate asthma and in what form

A

SABA & ipratropium; nebulised

34
Q

Choice of steroids given in moderate exacerbation

A
  • oral prednisolone

- IV hydrocortisone

35
Q

3 drugs given in severe asthma

A
  • O2
  • aminophilline infusion
  • IV salbutamol
36
Q

When is IV Mg sulphate infusion given

A

Life-threatening

Y3 Respiratory Conditions (9 decks)

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