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MRCS anatomy > LL: Leg > Flashcards

LL: Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Attachments for meniscus and cruciate ligaments on tibia

A

Anterior horn of medial meniscus attaches most anteriorly

PCL attaches most posteriorly

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2
Q

Attachment of collateral ligaments

A

Tibial collateral: medial condyle of femur to medial tibia

Fibular collateral: lateral condyle of femur to fibular head

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3
Q

Which structure separates the PCL from popliteal artery

A

oblique popliteal tendon

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4
Q

Lower femur bony anatomy

A
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5
Q

Proximal tibia bony anatomy

A
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6
Q

Proximal fibula bony anatomy

A
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7
Q

Popliteal fossa content

A

From superficial to deep

Common peroneal nerve (medial to biceps femoris)

Tibial nerve (lateral to popliteal vessels)

Popliteal vein

Popliteal artery

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8
Q

The membranes separatign the compartments of the leg

A
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9
Q

Which tissues stabilise tibiofibular joint

A

Interosseous membrane

Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

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10
Q

Muscles of posterior compartment of leg

A

Superficial: gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus

Deep: popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibilais posterior

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11
Q

Origin and insertion of gastrocnemius

A

Medial and lateral condyle to calcaneus

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12
Q

Origin and insertion of plantaris

A

Lateral supracondylar line of femur to calcaneus

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13
Q

Origin and insertion of soleus

A

Soleal line/medial tibia to calcaneus

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14
Q

Innervation to posterior compartment of leg

A

tibial nerve

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15
Q

Function of gastrocnemius and plantaris

A

Plantar flex

Flex knee

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16
Q

Function of soleus

A

Plantar flex

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17
Q

Origin and insertion of popliteus

A

Lateral femoral condyle to posterior tibia

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18
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor hallucic longus

A

posterior fibula to distal phalanx f big toe

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19
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus

A

Tibia to distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

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20
Q

Origin and insertion of tibialis posterior

A

Interosseus membrane to tuberosity of navicular bone

21
Q

Function of popliteus

A

Stabilises knee joint (resists lateral flexion of tibia on femur)

Unlocks knee joint (laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia)

22
Q

Action of flexor hallucis longus

A

Flexes great toe

23
Q

Action of flexor digitorum longus

A

Flexes lateral four toes

24
Q

Action of tibialis posterior

A

Inversion

Plantarflexion

25
Q

Arterial supply of Leg

A

Sural: gastrocnemius

Anterior tibial: anterior compartment

Posteriro tibial: Posterior and lateral compartment

26
Q

Tibial nerve branches

A

Sural nerve

Medial calcaneal nerve

27
Q

Sural nerve supplies

A

Lower posterolateral side of leg and little toe

28
Q

Medial calcaneal nerve supplies

A

Medial side of leg

Sole of the heel

29
Q

Muscles of lateral compartment of the leg

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

30
Q

Origin and insertion of fibularis longus

A

Fibular head to medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1

31
Q

Origin and insertion of fibularis brevis

A

Lower 2/3 of fibular shaft to lateral tubercle of metatarsal 5

32
Q

Action of fibularis longus and brevis

A

Eversion

33
Q

Innervation of lateral compartment of leg

A

superficial fibular nerve

34
Q

Superficial fibular nerve sensory innervation

A

Dorsum of foot except:

  • web space between great and 2nd toe (Deep fibular)
  • lateral side of little toe (sural branch of tibial nerve)
35
Q

Muscles of anterior compartment of leg

A

Tibialis anterior

Extensor hallucis longus

Extensor digitorum longus

Fibularis tertius

36
Q

Origin and insertion of tibialis anterior

A

Tibia to medial cuneiform

37
Q

Origin and insertion of Extensor hallucis longus

A

medial fibula to distal phalanx of distal toe

38
Q

Origin and insertion of extensor digitorum longus

A

medial fibula to distal phalanges bases

39
Q

Innervation of anterior compartment of leg

A

Deep fibular nerve

40
Q

Action of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexion

inversion

41
Q

Action of extensor hallucis longus/digitorum longus

A

dorsiflexion

Extension of great/lateral toes

42
Q

Action of fibularis tertius

A

Dorsiflexion

Eversion

43
Q

Arterial supply of anterior compartment of leg

A
44
Q

Action of anterior cruciate ligament

A

stops anterior displacement of tibia on femur

45
Q

Unhappy triad of knee injuries

A

MCL, ACL and medial meniscus

results from lateral blow

46
Q

Cruciate ligaments of the knee attachments

A

ACL: medial wall of alteral condyle to anterior to intercondylar eminance of tibia

PCL: lateral edge of medial femoral condyle to posterior tibia

47
Q

At what point does popliteal artery bifurcate into anterior tibial and tibioperoneal trunk

A

Iower border of popliteal muscle

48
Q

What is Baker’s cyst

A

A synovial cyst (abnormal collection of synovial fluid) exctruding from semimembranous bursa to popliteal space

(not a true cyst as normally has communication with synovial space)

MRCS anatomy (27 decks)

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