Abdomen- abdominal wall

Question 1

Branches of coeliac artery

Answer 1

Left gastric

Splenic

Common hepatic

Question 2

Branches of common hepatic artery

Answer 2

Proper hepatic artery

Gastroduodenal artery

Question 3

Branches of gastroduodenal artery

Answer 3

Right gastroepiploic artery

Superior anterior pancreatodeodenal artery

Question 4

Branches of proper hepatic artery

Answer 4

Left proper hepatic artery

Right gastric artery

Right proper hepatic artery -> cystic artery

Question 5

Lesser sac vs greater sac of abdomen

Answer 5

Space created by lesser and greater omentum

Question 6

Diaphragm insertions

Answer 6

L3 on the right, L2 on the left

Median crus over aorta, medial over psoas major , lateral over quadratus lumborum

Question 7

Superficial abdominal fascia layers

Answer 7

Camper’s fascia

Scarpa’s fascia

Question 8

Camper’s fascia features

Answer 8

Contains large amounts of fat

Continuous over inguinal ligament and perineum

Question 9

Scarpa’s fascia features

Answer 9

Mainly fibrous tissue (little fat)

Called fascia lata when enters lower limb

Continuous with superficial perineal fascia (Colle’s fascia)

Forms darto’s fascia

Question 10

Transversalis fascia

Answer 10

deep fascia layer below transversus abdominus

Question 11

External oblique muscle apponeurosis cover

Answer 11

Most superficial

Ends at inguinal ligament

Question 12

Ligaments associated with inguinal ligament

Answer 12

Lacunar: inguinal ligament to pecten pubis

Pectineal (cooper’s) ligament

Question 13

Innervation of flat muscles of anterior abdo wall (eg external/internal oblique/transversus)

Answer 13

T7-T12

Question 14

Flat muscles of abdo wall

Answer 14

External oblique

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominus

Question 15

Midline muscles of anterior abdo wall

Answer 15

Rectus abdominis

Pyramidalis

Question 16

Upper and lower quarters of rectus sheath

Answer 16

Question 17

Arcuate line

Answer 17

The border between upper 3/4 and lower 1/4 of rectus abdominis

Question 18

All the layers of abdominal wall

Answer 18

Note the extra-peritoneal fascia

Question 19

Innervation of anterior abdominal wall

Answer 19

Lateral and anterior cutaneous branches of T7 to T12

Ilio-hypogastric nerve (L1)

Ilio-inguinal nerve (L1)

Question 20

Blood supply of upper anterior abdominal wall

Answer 20

Internal thoracic: Musculophrenic branch and superior epigastric branch

Question 21

Arterial supply of inferior abdo wall

Answer 21

Femoral artery: superficial epigastric and superficial iliac branches

External iliac artery: inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac branches

Question 22

Superficial lymph drainage of abdo wall

Answer 22

Above umbilicus: axillary nodes

Below umbilicus: superficial inguinal nodes

Question 23

Deep lymph drainage of anterior abdo wall

Answer 23

parasternal

lumbar

external iliac

Question 24

Linea semiluranis

Answer 24

Border of rectus abdominis

Inferior epigastric artery crosses it

Question 25

Transpyloric plane (L1) landmark for which structures

Answer 25

Pylorous stomach Left kidney Fundus of gallbladder Neck of pancreas Duodenojejunal flexure SMA Portal vein L + R colic flexures Root of transverse mesocolon 2nd part of duodenum spleen

Question 26

Which part of diaphragm does oesophagus pierce to enter abdomen

Answer 26

Muscular sling formed by right crus of diaphragm

Question 27

Blood supply of lesser omentum

Answer 27

Right/left gastric arteries

Question 28

Arcuate line position

Answer 28

3 cm below umbilicus

Question 29

Transpyloric line position

Answer 29

Half way between sternal notch and superior part of pubic symphysis